산불지역 식생구조 분석을 통한 식생복원 모델 개발 Development of Ecological Restoration Model Consider Analysis on the Vegetation Structure of Burned Area
pp.400-414
본 연구는 산불피해지역 식생구조 분석을 통한 생태적 식생복원 모델을 제시하고자 2000년도에 산불이 발생하여 사방사업차원에서 잣나무, 자작나무 등을 조림한 영인산 자락 일대를 대상으로 하였다. 현존식생 조사대상지로 선정한 1,152,404.3m2 중 산불지역은 69.2%이었고 이중 관목숲이 24.67%로 가장 넓었다. 현존식생유형과 산불피해상태를 고려해 설정한 27개 조사구(단위면적 100m2)를 분석한 결과 10개 군락으로 구분되었다. 산불지역은 관목층 식생이 우점하였고 잣나무군락, 굴참나무군락, 곰솔군락, 졸참나무군락, 자작나무군락으로 나뉘어졌고 비산불지역은 소나무군락 상수리나무군락, 졸참나무군락, 신갈나무-졸참나무군락, 자작나무군락으로 구분되었다. 종다양도는 산불지역이 0.3679~0.5907로 비산불지역 0.5728~0.8865보다 낮았다. 출현종수는 산불지역이 5~8종으로 비산불지역 8~12종보다 작았으며 개체수는 산불지역 (156~465개체)이 비산불지역(61~227개체)보다 많았다. 100m2당 층위별 생육밀도 분석결과 교목층에서는 신갈나무가 1~8주, 졸참나무가 3~5주, 아교목층에서는 졸참나무 2~4주, 신갈나무 1주 등이 출현하였다. 토양의 경우 산불지역 pH가 5.45로 비산불지역 pH 5.25보다 높았다. 식생복원모델은 천이 중간단계에 해당하는 신갈나무-졸참나무 중경목군락을 모델로 설정하여 식재종과 식재밀도 그리고 식재모델을 제시하였다.
This study has analyzed the vegetation structure to suggest a vegetation ecological restoration model by using the case of the afforestation for erosion control area with Pinus koreaiensis and Betula platyphylla, etc., on the hills of the Young-in mountains after its great fire in 2000. Of the area having a dimension of 1,152,404.3m2 selected as a survey site for the existing vegetation, the forest fire area accounted for 69.2% among which, brushwoods accounted the most for 24.67%. As a result of analysis of the 27 surveyed unit plots[unit dimension: 100m2] set up in consideration of the existing vegetation pattern and damaged state from the forest fire, the surveyed area was classified into 10 communities. Shrub layer's vegetation was found to be dominant in forest fire areas and the surveyed sites were classified into 5 plant communities, i.e. P. koraiensis community, Quercus variabilis community, P. thunbergii community, Q. serrata community, B. platyphylla community in forest fire areas, while non-forest fire areas were classified into 5 plant communities, such as P. densiflora community, Q. acutissima community, Q. serrata community, Q. mongolica-Q. serrata community, B. platyphylla community. Species diversity of forest fire areas was 0.3679~0.5907 and that of non-forest fire areas was 0.5728~0.8865. In addition, the number of the species in the forest fire areas was 5~8 and that of non-forest areas was 8~12; however, the population of forest fire areas(156~456) was higher than that of non-forest fire areas(61~227). In the analysis of growth density per layer[of 100m2], there appeared 1~8 trees of Q. mongolica and 3~5 trees of Q. serrata in the upper layer species; 2~4 trees of Q. serrata and one tree of Q. mongolica in the canopy layer. As for the characteristics of soil, acidity of forest fire areas was pH 5.45 and that of non-forest fire was pH 5.25. By setting up the middle D.B.H range of Q. mongolica-Q. serrata community as the vegetation restoration model, planting species, planting density and planting models are suggested.