KOREASCHOLAR

The increasing prevalence of obesity is associated with various metabolic diseases such as diabetes, posing significant social and economic burdens to the society. While obesity is a complex disease with multiple factors contributing to its pathophysiology, altered glucose and lipid metabolism is evident in obese patients as well as in animal models. Abnormal metabolic regulation often leads to development of insulin resistance, a hallmark of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes. In this review, we provide a brief overview of altered lipid metabolism manifested in the obese state. In addition, two representative animal models, Mus musculus and Drosophila melanogaster, are presented with experimental approaches adopted for generation and utilization of these models. More specifically, Drosophila has been widely used for studying the core physiological phenomena across phyla for decades, mostly due to the ease of handling and sophisticated genetic manipulations with conserved cell signaling pathways of reduced redundancy. Considering a significant degree of homology in Drosophila for human disease-associated genes, it poses as a versatile in vivo platform to study the pathophysiology of various human diseases. With core metabolic pathways governing energy homeostasis generally conserved, Drosophila can be used as a model for studying molecular mechanisms underlying disease phenotypes manifested in obese and diabetic patients. In this review, we discuss representative Drosophila studies that investigated the effects of dysregulated core signaling pathways on metabolic signatures of obese animals.

Abstract
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION
Ⅱ. ADIPOCYTE METABOLISMand INSULIN RESISTANCE
Ⅲ. THE ANIMAL MODEL of OBESITY
Ⅳ. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

• 정지은(부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 치의생명과학과,부산대학교 치의학전문대학원BK21 FOUR 사업단) | Ji-Eun Jung (Department of Life Science in Dentistry,BK21 FOUR Project)
• 이주용(부산대학교 치의생명과학연구소) | Joo-Young Lee (Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea)
• 이지혜(부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 치의생명과학과,부산대학교 치의학전문대학원BK21 FOUR 사업단,부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강병리학교실,부산대학교 치의생명과학연구소) | Ji-Hye Lee (Department of Oral Pathology and Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 49 Pusandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan-si 50612, Republic of Korea)