KOREASCHOLAR

Echeveria is a genus belonging to the Crassulaceae family that comprises approximately 170 species. It is a representative plant known as a succulent with economic potential in the floriculture industry. Echeveria plants are widely distributed in dry environments and endemic to Mexico. These plants have a rosette formation and varied leaf colors and shapes, which are characteristics of interest for landscaping, cut flowers, or interior decoration. Given their range of locations in different climates or indoor conditions, it is important to have an understanding and knowledge of their leaf morphology and anatomy and how they function to provide optimum care and management. Owing to high demand in horticultural markets, many breeders have crossed their desired species. However, this method has progressively increased the number of species without proper records of parents or other natural unintended crossings, creating phylogenetic problems and identification issues. The use and understanding of phenotypes, anatomical data, and/or research to aid in taxonomic issues and improve cultural management practices have been reviewed and discussed in this paper. In this review, we have provided a brief background of Echeveria species, focusing on the challenges and studies that have attempted to address these issues.

Introduction
1. Background of Succulents
    1.1 Characterization of succulent plants
    1.2 Controversy in the phylogenetic relationshipof Echeveria species
2. Leaf Anatomical Analysis
    2.1 Fundamental tissues
    2.2 Stomatal characteristics
    2.3 Vascular tissue arrangement
Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References

• My Khanh T. Ha Tran(Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea)
• Raisa Aone M. Cabahug-Braza(Plant Genetics and Breeding Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea)
• Ki-Byung Lim(Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)
• Yoon-Jung Hwang(Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea, Plant Genetics and Breeding Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea) Corresponding author