KOREASCHOLAR

This study investigates the thermodynamic processes of reduction for iron, manganese, silicon, aluminum, magnesium, and calcium within a blast furnace. We analyzed two primary mechanisms, indirect and direct reduction, to determine the conditions under which these elements are converted from their oxides into metallic form. For indirect reduction, driven by gas-solid reactions with carbon monoxide, calculations show that iron is effectively reduced at temperatures above 967 K and a carbon monoxide partial pressure greater than 0.575. However, other elements like manganese, silicon, aluminum, magnesium, and calcium require extremely high temperatures and carbon monoxide partial pressures approaching 1.0. This makes their indirect reduction in a typical blast furnace environment highly improbable. In contrast, direct reduction involves solid carbon (coke) directly reducing the oxides. Our analysis reveals that iron can be reduced at temperatures above 1000 K, which is well within the blast furnace's operating range. Manganese and silicon can also be produced through this direct reduction pathway at the high temperatures found in the furnace's lower zone, above 1691 K and 1952 K, respectively. However, aluminum, magnesium, and calcium require significantly higher temperatures that fall outside the normal operating conditions of the blast furnace. In conclusion, iron is effectively produced by both indirect and direct reduction mechanisms. While manganese and silicon are difficult to reduce indirectly, they are successfully produced through direct reduction in the high-temperature zone. Aluminum, magnesium, and calcium, on the other hand, are not produced in a blast furnace because their reduction temperatures are too high. This explains why only specific elements are reduced and incorporated into the final pig iron product.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 용광로내 반응
    2.1 연소대 반응
    2.2 간접환원 반응
    2.3 직접환원 반응
3. 용광로내 환원 반응 이해
    3.1 간접환원
    3.2 직접환원
    3.3 고로 내 원소 환원 거동 분석
4. 결 론
References

• 강수영(Inha Technical College, Professor, Dept. of Materials Engineering) | SooYoung Kang
• 천용우(Graduate School of Hanbat National University, PhD student, Dept. of Materials and Systems Engineering) | YongWoo Chun Corresponding author