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Cytotoxicity of Bacterial Metabolites Produced by Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus temperata subsp temperata
An entomopathogenic bacteria, Xenorhabdus nematophila (Xn) and Photorhabdus temperata subsp temperata (Ptt), suppresses insect immune responses and facilitates its symbiotic nematode development in target insect. Benzylideneacetone (BZA), PY, cPY, Ac-FGV, indole, 2-oxindole and 3-(4-hydroxyphenylpropionic) acid (PHPP) were compounds derived from the bacterial. Their immunosuppressive activities have been induced by inhibitory activity against eicosanoid biosynthesis and used to develop an additive to enhance control efficacy of other commercial microbial insecticides. This study investigated any cytotoxicity of their culture broth and bacterial metabolites on Spodoptera exigua hemocyte. When Xn or Ptt (<100 cells per larva) were injected to larval of S. exigua, the bacteria increased in density with incubation time, while the insent hemocyte numbers significantly and the resulting culture broths were sampled for analysis of their cytotoxicity against S. exigua hemocytes. In addition, the sequential culture broth samples were analyzed in active component chemicals using a reverse phase HPLC. Finally, seven bacterial metabolites were analyzed in relative cytotoxicity against S. exigua. These results suggest that BZA is a major cytotoxic compound.
