Major accidents at nuclear power plants generate huge amounts of radioactive waste in a short period of time over a wide area outside the plant boundary. Therefore, extraordinary efforts are required for safe management of the waste. A well-established remediation plan including radioactive waste management that is prepared in advance will minimize the impact on the public and environment. In Korea, however, only limited plans exist to systematically manage this type of off-site radioactive waste generating event. In this study, we developed basic strategies for off-site radioactive waste management based on recommendations from the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) and NCRP (National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements), experiences from the Fukushima Daiichi accident in Japan, and a review of the national radioactive waste management system in Korea. These strategies included the assignment of roles and responsibilities, development of management methodologies, securement of storage capacities, preparation for the use of existing infrastructure, assurance of information transparency, and establishment of cooperative measures with international organizations.

1. Introduction
2. Recommendations Related to RadioactiveWaste Management in Emergency
    2.1 International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)
    2.2 National Council on Radiation Protectionand Measurements (NCRP)
3. Off-site Radioactive Waste ManagementAfter the Fukushima DaiichiAccident in Japan
4. Current Status in Korea
    4.1 Radioactive Waste Classification andClearance
    4.2 Off-site Radioactive Waste ManagementPlan
5. Countermeasures for Management ofOff-site Radioactive Wastes by a MajorAccident
    5.1 Define the Roles and Responsibilities ofRelevant Organizations for the Managementof Off-site Radioactive Wastes
    5.2 Develop Management Plans and Methodologiesfor Estimating Radioactive WasteBased on the Accident Scenario
    5.3 Secure a Site With the Capacity for SafeStorage of Large Waste Volumes UntilTreatment Begins
    5.4 Establish a Plan to Control and Utilize theExisting Infrastructure Owned by LocalGovernments
    5.5 Secure Information Transparency to thePublic at All Management Stages
    5.6 Establish a Network for Requesting InternationalAssistance
6. Conclusions
Declaration of Competing Interest
Acknowledgements
REFERENCES

• Hyun Ki Kim(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea) Corresponding Author
• Hyeong Ki Shin(Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, 62, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34142, Republic of Korea)
• Dae Seok Hong(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea)
• Ji-Min Lee(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea)