우리나라 20개 지역의 경작토, 쓰레기 매립토, 부엽토 및 활성오니토에서 채취한 40개 토양 시료로부터 Poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA)를 분해하는 미생물을 37℃에서 강화배양과 투명환시험법을 이용하여 PBSA를 분해하는 균주를 선발하였다. 선발한 세균은 16S rDNA 염기서열분석으로 동정한 결과 Streptomyces sp. PBSA-1로 밝혀졌으며 진균은 형태적, 배양적

색소변이체에서 버섯 바이러스의 게놈인 dsRNA가 확인 되었으며, 크기는 각각 5.8kb, 1.8kb 이었다. 느타리바이러스 진단용 프라이머인 PVP로 RT-PCR을 수행한 결과 500bp 크기의 특이밴드가 관찰되었다. 또한 양송이 바이러스 진단용 프라이머 LIVP와 MBVP에서도 특이밴드가 관찰되었으나 양송이 바이러스와는 다른 양상이었다. 원형느타리의 백색변이체 (MGL2205)에 존재하는 바이러스유사입자는 구형이었으며, 크기는 14, 20∼45nm이었다. 균사체의 세포단면을 관찰한 결과 바이러스 순화액에서 확인된 바이러스유사입자와 비슷한 구형의 입자들이 관찰되었으며, 순화된 바이러스와 동일한 입자인지는 추후 확인되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 원형느타리 백색변이체(MGL2205)에 존재하는 바이러스의 최적 증식 조건은 15℃, pH 6, 배양기간 3주인 것으로 판단되며, 이 결과는 이와 유사한 재배적 조건에서 재확인되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

N2처리에 의해 Si (001) 기판에 형성된 C49상의 구조를 갖는 에피택셜 TiSi2상의 열적 거동과 결정학적 특성을 X선 회절법 (XRD)과 고분해능 투과전자현미경법 (HRTEM)으로 조사하였다. 에피택결 C49-TiSi2상은 1000˚C 정도의 고온에서도 안정상인 C54상으로 상변태하지 않고 형태적으로도 고온 특성이 우수하다는 것이 밝혀졌다. HRTEM 결과로부터 에피택결 TiSi2상과 Si 사이의 결정학적 방위관계는 (060) [001]TiSi2//(002) [110]Si임을 알 수 있었고 계면에서의 격자 변형에너지는 misfit 전위의 형성에 의하여 해소되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 HRTEM상의 해석과 원자 모델링을 통하여 Si에서 에피택셜 C49-TiSi2상의 형성기구와 C49상의 (020) 면에 존재하는 적층결함을 고찰하였다.

As the interception of communications infringe the close part of the privacy and the degree of the infringement is very serious, the law of protecting the secrecy of communications limits the group of crimes which can be the cause of the interception. As the result, the purpose of the limitation could not be achieved if the materials of evidence would not be restricted to use in investigation and prosecution only for the crimes within the limited group. We could admit the provision §12(1) of the law of protecting the secrecy of communications reasonable, which restrict the scope of the use of the evidence obtained by the interception of the communications. But the indentification materials of electronic communications includes only the names, the telephone numbers of the parties of the communication, the times fo the communication. It does not include the contents of the communications. The degree of the infringement could be said relatively minor and the law does not limit the scope of the crime which could be the cause of the request for the identification materials. Therefore, there would be no reason to limit the scope of the use of the evidence obtained by the request issued by the court. Nevertheless, the provision §13-5 of the law of protecting the secrecy of communications provides that the provision §12(1) which restrict the use of the evidence obtained by the interception apply correspondingly to the indentification materials of electronic communications. From the point of view of legislation, the provision §13-5 could be said inappropriate and should be eliminated in the future.

In Constitutional Law, there is provided the principle of warrant request which consist of provisions that request the warrant issued by judge for several situations. According to this principle, the processes by which the warrant can be gained are stipulated in laws for each area. To get the correct answer to the question, when and for which action the warrant should be gained, it may be important to consider comparative method with the laws of other countries and to study the general theory, but it should be preferential to look at in detail how the wording and phrasing are made in the provisions of korean constitutional law. Case 1 and Case 2 have logical structure based on the dichotomy between the criminal investigation in which the warrant be requested and the administrative survey in which not. But the Constitutional Law provide for the arrest, detention, search and seizure, the request of law in the provision 12. 1., the request of warrant in criminal investigation in the provision 12. 3. and the request of warrant for the search and seizure in a person’s house in the provision 16. Therefore, it should be not construed to mean that all search in administrative survey can be executed without warrant, but that only the search in administrative survey other than a person’s house can be executed without warrant. According to the provision 16, the search in a person’s house can be done only with warrant, regardless of the search in administrative survey. From this viewpoint, It could be said that the mail inspection in Case 2 need not warrant, not because it is adminstrative survey, but it is adminstrative survey and the search is not for a person’s house.

This experiment was carried out to determine the optimum planting density for rice pot seedling cultivation in wheat-rice double cropping system in Honam plain area. A mid-late maturing rice variety ‘Chinnong’ was raised in pot seedling tray and conventional tray for 30 days, and then transplanted on June 25 in 2012 and 2013. Four different planting densities (15.2, 18.9, 21.6, and 25.3 hills per m 2 ) in pot seedlings were applied as treatment. Conventional tray seedling was implicated as control at a single planting density of 27.8 hills per m 2 . In this experiment, the number of effective tillers was increased as planting density increasing, but stem diameter was decreased. Pot seedling showed higher stem diameter and effective tillers than the control. Heading dates of pot seedling plots were not significantly different between the planting densities but 2 days faster than the control. Culm length, number of panicles, panicle length, and ripening grain ratio were higher in pot seedling compared to the control, but 1000-grain weight showed no significant difference. Milled rice yields in pot seedlings ranged from 5.19 to 5.43 t ha -1 , and the highest yield was observed in 21.6 hills per m 2 . Head rice ratios in pot seedlings and the controls were not significantly different. Above results on planting density of rice pot seedling cultivation would be applicable to wheat-rice double cropping and also to late transplanting cultivation of rice single cropping.

The relevancy of the seized evidence to the charged crime is a very important issue in that it is connected with the exclusionary rule and there is some risk the evidence could be excluded in trial. Therefore it should be interpreted with sufficient consideration with the various situation in which the investigation is carried, diverse kinds of evidences which are gathered for investigating and prosecuting crime. This relevancy means the evidential value for investigation and prosecution, and the evidential value includes not only the direct but also the indirect and the circumstantial. In this case, it seems that the Supreme Court did not provide sufficient consideration with the various elements of the relevancy, especially the indirect, supplementary, circumstantial value of evidence. Forethemore, it is inappropriate in this case the court of appeal used the issue of relevancy as a tool to restrict the legally obtained evidence relevant to a certain crime from using evidence for other’s crime and the Supreme Court accepted the result. In the future, the discussion which distinguish the issue of relevancy from that of the extent of the utilization of the legally seized evidence should be made actively and lead to the appropriate interpretation.

본 연구에서 사용한 홍삼 전분은 홍삼 농축액 제조 공정에서 발생하는 부산물중 하나로 현재까지는 특별한 활용도가 없었다. 하지만 홍삼 농축액 제조 과정에서 발생되는 홍삼 유래의 물질로 홍삼의 유효 성분인 진세노사이드 및 각종 유리당, 탄수화물 등이 풍부한 안전한 소재로서의 가능성을 알아보고자 하였다. 홍삼전분을 이용한 새로운 홍삼막걸리의 차별화를 위하여 제품의 진세노사이드 함량, 유기산, 유리당, 효모수 등을 분석하였다. 효모 생균수의 변화 조사결과 4℃에서 저장하였을 때는 저장 20일까지 효모 균수에 큰 변화가 없었지만 25℃ 저장에서는 저장 20일에 초기 효모균수의 약 75%가 감소되었다. 유기산분석 결과 막걸리에서는 lactic acid가 4.16 mg/mL의 농도로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로는 citric acid 0.88 mg/mL, malic acid 0.39 mg/mL의 순서로 많았다. 저장 초기에는 malic acid의 함량이 4℃ 및 25℃에서 0.39 mg/mL 와 0.58 mg/mL 이었으나 저장일이 20일 경과하였을 때에는 0.46 mg/mL 그리고 0.17 mg/mL으로 측정되었고 대부분의 유기산은 저장기간에 관계없이 변화가 크게 나타나지 않았으나 butyric acid는 증가를 보였다. 20일 경에 lactic acid와 isobutyric acid는 감소하였으며 다른 종류의 유기산은 증가를 보였다. 유리당 분석결과 glucose가 4.4 mg/mL, sucrose 2.8 mg/mL 그리고 mannose 1.4 mg/mL 으로 막걸리의 주 구성당으로 분석되었으며 저장기간이 지속되면서 sucrose, glucose, mannose의 함량은 감소를 보여 알콜 발효의 주요 기질로 사용되었음을 보여주었다. 저장 4~8일 이후부터는 당이 급격히 감소하였으며 8일 이후부터는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이것은 저장 중 당분이 알콜과 탄산가스로 분해되었기 때문에 함량이 감소한 보여진다. 4℃에서 저장시, 일반적인 유통기간보다(10일) 긴 20일 동안 유리당의 변화를 보였으며 유리당은 12일 경에 sucrose, glucose와 mannose의 양은 1/2으로 감소하였다. 총산 및 pH 분석결과 각 저장온도에서 저장기간에 따른 pH의 변화는, 4℃에서 저장한 경우, 저장 4일경 pH 4.3에서 8일경 pH 3.8로 떨어지면서 저장기간 동안 서서히 감소되었다. 25℃에서 저장한 경우, pH 4.6~3.2 수준으로 4℃ 저장 온도보다 25℃ 온도에서 pH가 낮게 관찰 되었고 진세노사이드 분석결과 함량은 2.47 mg/g으로 측정되었다.

최근 도심지의 노후 된 포장 재정비 및 지하매설물 굴착 복구로 인한 폐아스콘 발생량이 지속적으로 증가하고 있으며, 이러한 건설폐기물 처리의 심각성이 대두됨에 따라 자원순환을 위한 정부의 패러다임 전환 정책이 강화되고 이에 따른 산업인프라 구축이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 한편 폐아스콘 순환골재를 활용한 투수성 재생 아스콘 제조를 통해 탄소배출량 저감, 지하수자원 보존 및 집중호우로 인한 도심지 침수 방지에 효과적일 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 투수성 재생아스팔트 혼합물의 제조 및 역학적 특성 규명에 앞서 폐아스콘순환골재의 물리적 특성을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 사용되는 폐아스콘 순환골재는 G사에서 처리 및 생산된 골재로서 순환골재의 입도 크기별로 25~13mm, 13~8mm 및 8mm 이하의 것으로 분류하여 사용하였다. 25mm이하 폐아스콘 순환골재의 물리적 성질을 KS F 2503 ｢굵은골재의 밀도 및 흡수율 시험｣에 준하여 분석한 결과 밀도 및 흡수율이 각각 2.62 g/cm3, 1.45%로 나타났다. 폐아스콘 순환골재의 품질은 KS F 2572 ｢아스팔트 콘크리트용 순환골재｣에 준하여 실험하였으며, 구재아스팔트 함량 4.43%, 구재아스팔트 침입도(25℃, 1/10mm) 21, 씻기 시험에서 손실되는 양 1.0%, 유기이물질 0.07%, 무기이물질 0.11% 함유하는 것으로 나타나 아스팔트 콘크리트용 순환골재 품질규격에 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 폐아스콘 순환골재의 체가름시험 결과 골재입도는 25~13mm에서 25mm 100%, 20mm 85%, 13mm 72.5%, 10mm 54.6%, 5.0mm 39.6%, 2.5mm 27.3%, 0.6mm 15.9%, 0.3mm 11.5%, 0.15mm 7.3%, 0.08mm 2.8%, 골재입도 13~8mm에서 25~13mm 100%, 10mm 81.4%, 5.0mm 30.9%, 2.5mm 23.7%, 0.6mm 15.3%, 0.3mm 11.7%, 0.15mm 7.8%, 0.08mm 3.4%, 골재입도 8mm이하에서 25~10mm 100%, 5.0mm 93%, 2.5mm 74.5%, 0.6mm 41.9%, 0.3mm 29.6%, 0.15mm 19.1%, 0.08mm 6.9%의 체통과율이 확인되었으며, 향후 투수성 재생아스콘의 골재로 사용하기 위하여 입도별에 따른 투수성능 및 혼합물의 역학적 특성을 평가하여야 할 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the field application of cold-mixed recycled asphalt using cementless binder. After the test construction, it was not cause problem, such as this stripping, falling and crack of pavement. Also, it was confirmed to be performance of equal or higher than of existing technology.

In 2003, some cases were reported to Attorney General of Korea in Supreme Prosecution Service, in which the suspect in detention rejected the request of the prosecutor to attend at his office. Previously, the Prosecution Service interpreted the request to attend for interrogation of the suspect to have the power to impose the duty on the suspect. But in the Academic circles, the majority viewed the request to have no power to impose the duty. Thus they explained the suspect may refuse to attend and during the interrogation leave the office anytime. The suspects who refused to attend rely on the view of the majority of the literature. The Prosecution Service insisted that the interrogation system of Korean Criminal Procedure give the prosecutor and the judicial police the authority to impose the duty to attend on the suspect, especially the duty to attend and to stay on the suspect in arrest or detention. The duty could be forced by arrest warrant or detention warrant. The provision of detention(§ 69, Korean Criminal Procedure) give the definition that it includes the power to take the suspect to a place and to detain in custody. The power to take to a place should be interpreted to include the power to take the suspect to the investigator’s office during the detention. In this Case of the suspect in detention, the Court approved the view of the Prosecution Service and concluded the judicial police officer who took the suspect to the office for interrogation to be lawful. Notwithstanding, the Court explained the character of the interrogation to be voluntary because the statement of the suspect should not be forced. But it could be said contradictory between the possibility of forcing the duty to attend and stay against the suspect’s will and the character of voluntainess. The compulsory nature could be said to be proper to this system.

The time of panicle initiation change by transplanting date, and this change is affected by heading ecotype and seedling age. So we assessed the variations of panicle initiation, spikelet differentiation and heading date affected by transplanting dates, rice cultivars and seedling ages. And we compared the growth durations and meterological factors between chief growth stages. The differences of growth duration from transplanting date to spikelet differentiation by seedling age were 1~3 days in all transplanting of Unkwang, but it increased to 4 days in Hwayeong transplanting on May 1 and June 30, and Nampyeong transplanting on June 30. The growth durations from panicle initiation to heading of Unkwang and Hwayeong increased until transplanting time by May 31, and decreased thereafter. The growth durations of Nampyeong increased in transplanting on May 16 and May 31. In each transplanting, mean temperature of 30 days after heading was highest in early transplanting, but sunshine hours in the period were highest in transplanting on June 30 in Unkwang, in transplanting on June 15 in Hwayeong, and higher in transplanting on May 31 and June 15 in Nampyeong. The growth duration between spikelet differentiation and heading showed variation according to rice cultivars and transplanting date, Those were 22~26 days in Unkwang, 21~27 days in Hwayeong and 21~28 days in Nampyeong.

In the Prosecution Service Act, it is prescribed that the attending officer of the public attorney has the role of the document officer and the helping agency for the public attorney. As the helping officer, he participate in the interrogation of the public attorney and put questions to the suspect or witness and other persons.As for the questioning of the attending officer, it was judged by the Court in this case that it is allowed, but has limitations. First, the public attorney should in person put questions about the important matters and after it, the attending officer can put questions about details or ambiguous answers. Second, during the question of the attending officer, the public attorney should be present the interrogating place with the attending officer and preside the process. There are some people who insist that the attending officer’s questioning should be prohibited and the public attorney should put all questions in person. But this opinion does not accord with the current law. On enacting the Prosecution service Act, the legislature made the choice with the provision §46 ① 1. that allows the attending officer to do the works relating to the investigation which the public attorney orders. It is thought that this choice would be made because of the insufficient numbers of the public attorney and the necessity of the sharing the burden of works.Considering the overweighting burden of works for the public attorney, the Court’s interpretation could be said to be right to the present. But in practice, if we can say the public attorney’s interrogation, the role of the attending officer should be limited within the supplement of the factual work.