‘Hyowon 4’, a new medium maturing glutinous rice variety was developed by the rice breeding team of Pusan National University in 2013. This cultivar was derived from a cross between ‘Boseokchal’ and ‘Donna’ with good glutinous property. During F3~F8 generation, breeding lines were selected by a pedigree breeding method. As a result, the promising line (JS23-4-39-14-5-1-1-1) with good glutinous property was advanced and designated as the name of ‘SP 106’ in 2012. This variety headed on Aug. 15, which is 2 days later than ‘Dongjinchal’ in middle plane. The culm length and panicle length of this variety was 82.4 cm and 21.1 cm, respectively. This variety has about 13.9 tillers per a hill and 100 spikelets per a panicle. The ratio of ripened grain is about 92.0% and 1000-grain weight was 20.9 g in brown rice. The yield performance was 5.03 MT/ha in local adaptability test.

Objective of this study was to investigate the difference of cadmium (Cd) levels in rice grains from non-polluted fields and to define the gene associated with Cd uptake for producing safety food. Cd was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). The average concentration of Cd in rice grains was 0.943 μg/kg and Cd levels ranged from 0.050 to 5.699 μg/kg. Genome-Wide Association study (GWAS) based on phenotype data for Cd levels was performed. However, results of GWAS were affected by subpopulation structure and caused false positive. Therefore, GWAS for rice ecotypes (temperate Japonica, tropical Japonica, Indica, Aus, Aromatic, and Admixture) was performed to minimize false positive. GWAS results showed that Os01g0611300, Os01g0611900, Os01g0611950, Os01g0612000, Os01g0612200, Os11g0444400, Os11g0444700, Os11g0444800, and Os11g0444900 genes have significant correlation with Cd levels in rice grains. The sequences of these genes were compared to sequence positions of each other gene (haplotype analysis). According to the results of haplotype analysis, Cd levels of non-synonymous group were higher than other groups and sequence of non-synonymous group was similar to that of Indica. These results were corresponding to the previous research result that Cd levels of Indica were higher than Japonica. Therefore, candidate genes detected through GWAS need to be examined by knock-out or cross breeding.

''Hyowon 5’, a new aromatic rice variety with high yield was derived from a cross between 'Dasan’ as a high yield source and ‘IR841-1-1-2’ as a donor for aroma. A general pedigree breeding method was applied to develop Hyowon 5. In F8 generation, a promising line, JS14-12-36-8-5-3-1-1-1, was selected and designated as the name of ‘SP 102’ in 2012. This variety headed on Aug. 14 , which is 3 days later than ‘Hwayoung’ in middle plane. The brown rice of this aromatic variety ‘Hyowon 5’ exhibited 51 odor-active volatiles including a pop corn-flavoring 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline which is exclusively detected in aroma rice varieties. The Culm length and panicle length of this variety was 83.2 cm and 26.4 cm, respectively. This variety has about 14.9 tillers per hill and 124.5 spikelet numbers per panicle. The 1000-grain weight was 20.9 g in brown rice. The yield performance of brown rice was 6.27 MT/ha in local adaptability test.

'Hyowon 2’, a new medium-late maturing glutinous rice variety with short clum and lodging tolerance was developed by the rice breeding team of Pusan National University in 2013. This cultivar was derived from a cross between 'Junam’ as a short clum source and ‘Donna’ with a good glutinous properties. During selected by the pedigree breeding method, until F8 generation. As a result, a promising line, JS22-3-24-1-6-2-1-1-1, was advanced and designated as the name of ‘SP 105’ in 2012. This variety headed on Aug. 22 is 9 days later than ‘Dongjinchal’ in middle plane. The Culm length and panicle length of this variety was 65.6 cm and 22.5 cm, respectively. This variety has about 14.4 tillers per hill and 113 spikelet numbers per panicle. The ratio of ripened grain is about 93.0% and 1000-grain weight was 18.4 g in brown rice. This variety has higher α-tocotrienol content compared to that of ‘Hwasunchal’. The yield performance of brown rice was 4.81 MT/ha in local adaptability test.

본 논문에서는 어선원 및 일반인들이 해상에서 조난을 당하였을 경우 구조를 위해 조난신호 및 위치정보를 송신할 수 있으면서, 팽창식 구명조끼에 장착이 가능한 유연한 다중대역 안테나를 제안한다. 이 안테나는 VHF-DSC 대역(156MHz), COSPAS-SARSAT 대역 (406MHz) 및 GPS대역(1,575MHz) 에서 동작하는 3중대역 안테나이다. GPS대역은 사각형 슬롯 링(square slot-ring) 형태의 평판 구조로 구 현하였고, COSPAS-SARSAT 대역과 VHF-DSC 대역은 모노폴 구조로 구현을 하였다. 또한 기판은 구명조끼 장착을 위한 유연성 확보를 위 해 0.2mm 두께를 가지는 FR4-epoxy 기판을 사용하였다. 제작된 안테나는 최종적으로 사람이 구명조끼를 장착한 상태에서 VHF-DSC, COSPAS-SARSAT, GPS 대역에서 각각 –8.8dB, -20.4dB, -10.7dB의 반사손실 특성을 나타내었다.

By the strengthening of sewage treated quality law and the amount of sewage sludge every year is increasing in Korea. However, it is difficult to disposal of sewage sludge due to ocean dumping restriction. As an alternative to this, drying, incineration, anaerobic digestion etc. is applied, which is uneconomical in most be processed by the consumption of energy. In particular, anaerobic digestion technology has been installed in the sewage treatment 65 plats in Korea’s STP(sewage treatment plant). It is most of the digestion efficiency requires the application of improved technology to less than 50%. As an improvement technology for most anaerobic digester, ultrasonic, electronic beam, ozone etc. solubilization method using has been mainly used. Therefore, in this study, after the wet milling particles of sludge to subject the sludge that has not been decomposed in the digested sludge circulating fluid of anaerobic digestion, was let examine the characteristic at the time of ozonation. The size of the particles before and after the wet milling, which is the measurement at each 105.26 μm and 77.18 μm, solubilization rate is increased to 23.5%. When ozonation after wet milling using sludge is determined as possible to improve the efficiency.

This study classifies the types of spatio-functional differentiation in Korean island areas and analyses typical characters and suggests the development directions by each type. Eup/Myeon-level island areas are classified as six types by the factor analysis and the cluster analysis. First type is the traditional rural center. This type puts emphasis on maintaining phase as the central space and has to maximize development potential of the whole of settlement zone. Second type is the specialized region in manufacturing industry and the qualitative mutual growth of regional industries is able to be suggested. Third type is the specialized region in the neighborhood service provision. This type needs to devise the plan for utilizing potential customers actively and developing into the region specialized in tourism industry. Fourth type is the specialized region in tourism-support service functions. This type has to promote differentiated policies for maintaining amenity infra or value of countryside capital and preservation and utilization of resources by regional features. Fifth type is the fishing industry-dominated region. This type has to promote sustainable fishery development through the policy reflecting regional features and condition. Finally, sixth type is the sluggish region dominated with the traditional agriculture and fishery. This type is needed to aim at developing into the new food production base having the advantage of clean environment by strengthening support in specialized agro-fishery products. The existing researches on spatio-functional differentiation were mostly discussed with respect to land development, but this study highlights the difference in deal with the island areas distinguished from the condition of industry.

‘진상’은 공주대학교에서 2013년도에 육성한 고품질 저아밀로스 품종으로 주요특성과 수량성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1.‘진상’은 중서부평야 보통기 보비재배에서 출수기가 8월 11일로 ‘추청’보다 약 11일 빠른 중생종으로, 이삭길이는 19 cm로 ‘추청’과 비슷한 수준이었으나, 간장은 75.2 cm로 ‘추청’보다 짧다. 2.‘진상’의 정현비율은 81.2%로 ‘추청’과 비슷한 수준이며 현미길이와 폭이 각각 4.86 mm, 2.91 mm로 ‘추청’에 비해 약간 길고, 넓은 단원형 품종이다. 현미 천립중은 20.91 g 수준이며, 수량성은 457 kg/10a로 ‘추청’과 비슷하였다. 3.‘진상’은 중간찰벼로서 투명도가 중간 정도의 불투명 배유 특성이고, 알칼리 붕괴도는 6.4 정도이며, 아밀로스함량은 11.9%로 대조품종 19.1%보다 낮고, 도요 식미기로 측정한 밥 윤기치는 대조품종인 ‘추청’보다 높게 나타났다.

In this study, the pilot test has been performed to verify effectiveness of constructive method of data dictionary provided by previous study and the results were discussed. To perform pilot test, the construction information of PSC beam bridge at detail design stage was used.

This study proves that the prestress loss occurs at the continuous joint by the local bending of tendon due to the construction deviation and the curvature of radius. Also, a method that can reduce the prestress loss is proposed, and proved by the experiment.

최근 지속적인 쌀 소비량 감소로 쌀 가공식품에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 차별화되는 양질의 가공용 쌀의 개발과 안정적인 원료 공급을 통해 쌀 소비 기반을 확대할 필요가 있다. 또한 전통지식을 바탕으로 하는 전통식품에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있는 바, 국내 토종 유전자원에 대한 육종 소재로서의 활용을 확대할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 민요, 문헌 등에서 떡으로 가공했을 때 오랫동안 굳지 않는 특성이 있는 것으로 알려진 재래종 찰벼인 ‘돼지찰벼(돈나)’의 우수한 가공특성을 규명하고, 재배안정성 및 수량성이 개선된 양질의 찰벼 신품종 육성을 위해 수행되었다. 단간 내도복 찰벼 계통 육성을 위해 주남벼에 돼지찰벼를 교배하였고, 복합저항성 찰벼 계통육성을 위해 보석찰벼와 돼지찰벼를 교배하여 F1을 얻었고, 각각의 F2를 전개하여 계통육종방법에 의해 우량계통을 선발하였다. 단간내도복 특성의 찰벼 우량계통(JS22-3-24-1-6-2-1-1-1)은 수원지역에서 8월 22일경에 출수하는 중만생종으로 간장이 평균 66.2㎝이고, 이삭길이는 22.5㎝ 이다. 현미의 길이와 폭은 각각 4.5㎜, 2.8㎜로 장폭비가 1.9 정도였고, 현미 천립중이 18.5g 정도로 다소 소립이며, 10a 당 수량은 480kg 정도이다. 육성된 복합저항성 찰벼 우량계통(JS23-4-39-14-4-5-1-1-1)은 수원지역에서 8월 15일경에 출수하였고, 간장이 82.3㎝이고 현미천립중은 21.0g 정도이며, 10a 당 수량은 500kg 내외로 동진찰벼와 비슷한 수준이었다. 포장에서 목도열병, 흰잎마름병, 줄무늬마름병에 대해 저항성을 보였다. 토종 찰벼의 우수 가공특성을 활용한 양질의 찰벼 계통으로 친환경재배용 품종 및 쌀가루 가공용 등으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

최근 국내 쌀 소비량은 지속적으로 감소하고 있으며 수입량이 꾸준히 증가하여 국내 쌀의 과잉 공급의 문제가 발생하고 있다. 특히 밥쌀용은 해마다 감소하고 있으나, 가공용 쌀의 소비량은 2005년 이후 꾸준히 증가하고 있어 다양한 기능성 품종개발 및 새로운 수요 창출이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 가공용 향미 벼 품종육성을 위해 수행되었으며, 다수성 통일계 품종인 다산벼와 향 특성을 갖는 IR841을 교배하여 F1을 얻었고, F2를 전개한 후, F3 이후 다수계이며 향을 갖는 계통을 선발하여 초형과 수량성이 우수한 계통(JS14-12-36-8-5-3-1-1-1)을 육성하였다. 육성계통은 수원지역에서 8월 14일경에 출수하는 중생종으로 간장이 평균 81.5㎝으로 다산벼 보다 다소 크고, 이삭길이는 26.2㎝, 이삭당 벼알수는 평균 128개로 다산벼와 비슷한 수준이다. 현미의 길이는 평균 6.67㎜, 폭은 2.29㎜, 두께는 1.70 수준으로 장폭비 2.9의 장원형이다. 현미의 단백질함량과 아밀로스 함량은 각각 8.4%. 19.4% 수준이었다. 현미의 천립중은 20.8g이며 10a 당 수량은 627kg 수준이다. 도복에 강하고, 도열병에 어느정도 견디는 편이나 멸구 등 해충에는 약하다. 육성 다수성 향미계통은 떡복이용 떡, 볶음밥 등 조리가공용으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

This study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of 70 amaranth accessions collected from South and Southeast Asia using 14 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In total, 67 alleles were detected, with an average of 4.79 per locus. Rare alleles comprised a large portion (46.3%) of the detected alleles, and 29 unique alleles associated with rice accessions were also discovered. The mean major allele frequency (MAF), genetic diversity (GD) and polymorphic information content (PIC) of the 14 SSR loci were 0.77, 0.36, and 0.34, respectively. A model-based structural analysis revealed the presence of three subpopulations. The genetic relationships revealed by the neighbor-joining tree method were fairly consistent with the structure-based membership assignments for most of the accessions. All 70 accessions showed a clear relationship to each cluster without any admixtures. We observed a relatively low extent of genetic exchange within or among amaranth species from South and Southeast Asia. The genetic diversity results could be used to identify amaranth germplasms and so facilitate their use for crop improvement.

By the continued island-mainland bridging works, increased consumer demand for seashore regions and fundamental improvement of accessibility to metropolitan areas, rural service industries in the island areas has been rapidly developed in the past decades, and also, their functions differentiated geographically. In most island areas, catering and accommodation sectors have been expanded, while traditional trading sector decreasing. And the dominant power of public sectors has been increased but private ones decreased. So, the overall development trends of service industries in island areas would be considered as unhealthy for rural economic sustainability. As a tentative solution, it may be proposed that through the functional specialization/differentiation and efficient linking/networking of rural service industries with multifunctionality of countryside capitals, their spatial cohesion would be strengthened.

최근 생물다양성 협약의 발효로 유전자원 사용에 제한이 있게 되면서 국내 재래종 유전자원에 대한 유전변이 평가를 통한 육종소재로 활용 가능한 유용유전자원 확보는 대단히 중요한 과제로 대두 되었다. 그 중 벼 육종에 있어서 도열병 저항성은 재배안전성 측면에서 가장 중요한 형질 중의 한가지로서 많이 연구 되었는데 효율적인 수단으로는 저항성이 증대된 신품종을 육종하는 것이 가장 효율적인 방법이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 재래종 벼 품종들에 대해 주요 도열병 저항성 유전자를 탐색 하고 재래종 벼의 유전적 특성을 분석하여 벼 품종육성의 기초자료로 제공하고자 수행하였다. 선행연구에서 보고된 도열병 유전자 정보를 이용하여 국내 재래종 벼를 대상으로 분석한 결과, 홍도, 홍사도, 사두초, 앵미, 효성재래종, 적선, 선, 한양조, 백곡나 등에서 Pi-b 저항성 유전자가 탐색 되었다. 추후 국내 재래종 유전자원은 병저항성 육성 소재로 활용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.