Lee Hye-yong. Sok So-hyune･Park Song-chol･Bak Yong-ik･Lee Jeong-woo･Jin Jeongkun ･Jeoung Yeon-ok. 2016. “How members of a medical center communicate with each other”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 24(1). 213~239. The purpose of this article is to give an overview of the organizational communication in the medical center. This overview is based on the results of the individual studies conducted from 2012 to 2015 within a project about organizational communication in the medical center. Firstly we will summarize the characteristics of the respective communications performed between physicians, nurses, administrative staffs and between physicians and nurses. From those characteristics we will generalize the four typical negative aspects of the organizational communication in the medical center: authoritative, lack of empathy, an air of indifference to the communication, respectless. And then we introduce the causes of the negative aspects and their influences on the staffs of the medical center. Lastly we discuss how to improve the organizational communication in the medical center.

Deutzia paniculata is an endemic species to the Korean Peninsula. Despite of importance for conservation, the population structure and habitat characteristics of D. paniculata have not been determined yet. We analyzed the ecological characteristics of the species based on the literature review and field survey. Field survey was conducted on May to October 2014 during which 11 quadrats of size 15×15 m were studied in six regions. Each of the quadrats were further divided into 5×5 m small quadrats and population characteristics were recorded. The population and habitat characteristics were analyzed, including species abundance (density and coverage), demographic attributes (flowering rates and fruiting plants), vegetation (structure, species composition), light availability (transmitted light and canopy openness) and soil characteristics (temperature and humidity). We found that D. paniculata mainly distributed in Gyeongsangdo (including Taebaek in Gangwondo) along a broad elevational range of 290~959 m (mean: 493 m) above sea level. In preferred habitat the species grows within the slope range of 7° and 35° with the average of 16°. D. paniculata was generally distributed on talus deposits and low adjacent slopes. The average number of individual plants per small quadrat was 12.5 with the mean density 0.5 stems m-2. The vegetative reproduction was frequent in D. paniculata and mean flowering rate was as low as 15%. Altogether 138 taxa were found in whole observation area with the dominant tree species mainly spring ephemerals, such as Cornus controversa (importance value: 25.5%) and Fraxinus rhynchophylla (importance value: 15.8%). Although, C. controversa usually grows on steep slopes and F. rhynchophylla mostly distributed at high-altitudes, however, both species distributed in disturbed environments and among talus deposits. Thus based on our results, we concluded that D. paniculata is a disturbance-prone species, primarily existing in habitats subjected to natural disturbances, such as floods. The species occurs less at anthropogenically disturbed sites, thus there is no apparent threat to the populations and habitat of D. paniculata.

Cymbidium kanran Makino is being threatened in its own habitats due illegal collecting and habitat changes by vegetation growth along historical landuse change. In this study, we established habitat restoration model for conservation of C. kanran based on ecological diagnosis. Through exploration to Jeju Island in 2014 and 2015, we identified 27 unknown habitats of C. kanran and in there, abiotic variables and vegetation structure and composition were quantified. Altitudinal distribution of C. kanran was between 200 m ~700 m a.s.l. and compared to distribution in 2004, Area of Occupation (AOO) decreased at 82%. Specific habitat affinity was not observed by evenly found in mountain slope and valley and summergreen and evergreen broadleaved forests, but likely more abundant in valley habitats with higher soil and ambient moisture. Total of 96 individual of C. kanran was observed with an average density of 942.6 individuals ha-1. The plants showed relatively short leaf length (average=10.7 cm±1.1 cm) and small number of pseudo bulbs (1.2±0.2). Flowering and fruiting individuals were not observed in field. C. kanran was classified into endangered plant species as CR (Critically Endangered) category by IUCN criteria. Phenotypic plasticity of C. kanran was likely support to sustain in more shaded habitat environment and recent habatat changes to closed canopy and low light availability may exhibit negatively effects to C. kanran’s life history. Restoring C. kanran habitat should create open environment as grassland and low woody species density.

Life cycles of Sweltsa illiesi and S. lepnevae were determined from a headwater stream in Mt. Jumbong. Identification of nymphs was done by using DNA barcoding. Nymphs begin to have species specific color pattern on their head several months prior to adult emergence and differ in the form of the third antennal segment. Two species appear to have similar semivoltine life cycles in this stream, beginning to hatch from June and finishing adult emergence about 701 days later. The combined annual mean biomass in ash free dry mass (AFDM) was estimated as 96 mg AFDM m-2. The combined annual secondary production were 373 mg and 297 mg AFDM m-2 yr-1, calculated by using size frequency method and increment summation method respectively.

The sustainability of Cypripedium japonicum, a rare plant designated by the Korea Forest Service, is threatened due to artificial factors such as habitat loss and climate change etc. and internal factors such as changes in biological properties of the habitat etc. but conservation research has not been performed in South Korea. The objective of this study is to establish the species conservation strategies by analyzing the characteristics of their habitats, including: 1) Population characteristics, and 2) habitat analysis of the vegetation and abiotic environments. From April to September, 2014, population characteristics [density (stems m-2), flowering rate (%), and leaf area (cm2)] in Cypripedium japonicum habitats such as Chuncheon (CC), Hwacheon (HC), Muju (MJ), and Gwangyang (GY) and vegetation characteristics (plant sociological research and ordination analysis), and abiotic environments [temperature (℃), relative humidity (%), transmitted light (mol·m-2·d-1) and canopy openness (%)] were measured. Cypripedium japonicum was mainly distributed at elevation 450 to 990 m and 5 to 30° slope. Slope direction was shown as 0 to 110°. Habitats temperature (mean 18.94℃) was well matched to seasonal changes. Differences among sites showed greater level according to latitude difference. It showed the highest in habitat, GY located in the South. On the other hand, relative humidity (77.38%) didn’t show much difference among sites. The average degree of canopy openness was 18.17%. It showed the highest at HC (22.1%) and the lowest at MJ (16.1%). The average degree of transmitted light was 9.1 mol·m-2·d-1. It showed the highest at CC (10.6 mol·m-2·d-1) and the lowest at GY (6.87 mol·m-2·d-1). Chlorophyll content showed average 26.12 SPAD. It showed the highest at MJ (30.64 SPAD value) and the lowest at HC (23.69 SPAD value). Leaf area was average 253.35 cm2. It showed the highest at CC (281.51 cm2) and the lowest at HC (238.23 cm2).

본 연구는 소백산맥 중 덕유산과 백운산의 사이에 위치한 할미봉(1,026m)과 구시봉(1,014m)을 대상으로 주요 관속 식물상을 파악하여 주요식물에 대한 효율적인 관리와 보전 및 그 일대 식물자원의 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 수행하였 다. 현지조사는 2013년 3월부터 2014년 3월까지 계절별 조사를 실시하였으며, 조사경로는 계곡부, 능선부, 사면부 등을 포함하여 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과 할미봉과 구시봉 일대에서 출현한 관속식물은 총 95과 287속 454종 4아종 59변종 11품종 528분류군이 조사되었다. 희귀식물은 EN등급(위기종) 1분류군(흰참꽃나무), VU등급(취약종) 2분류군(쇠채, 솔나리), LC등급(약관심종) 12분류군(구상나무, 매미꽃, 태백제비꽃 등) 총 10과 14속 13종 2변종 15분 류군이 조사되었다. 특산식물은 처녀치마 등 15분류군이 나타났다. 식물구계학적 특정식물 Ⅴ등급은 승마 등 2분류군, Ⅳ등급은 개대황 등 6분류군, Ⅲ등급은 거제수나무 등 12분류군이 각각 출현하여 Ⅰ등급부터 Ⅴ등급까지 총 32과 52속 58종 1아종 2변종 61분류군이 출현하였다. 귀화식물은 소리쟁이, 족제비싸리, 선개불알풀 등 23종이 출현하였다.

본 연구는 국내 굴거리나무 자생지의 식생특성을 파악하기 위하여, 굴거리나무 자생지 7곳을 대상으로 21개 조사구(100㎡)를 설치하여 식생조사 및 자생지 토양환경을 조사하였다. 굴거리나무 자생지의 식생을 분석한 결과 굴거리나무-서어나무군락, 새덕이나무-굴거리나무, 개서어나무, 굴거리나무-소나무, 굴거리나무-황칠나무, 곰솔, 새덕이나무, 서어나무군락 등 총 8개의 군락으로 나누어졌다. 식생분석결과 굴거리나무가 대부분 중층, 하층을 차지하고 있었으며, 굴거리나무와 단풍나무; 서어나무가 강한 정의 상관관계가 인정되었다. 조사된 군락의 종 다양성지수는 0.7308-0.9849로 나타났다. 토양pH는 3.7-5.0, 유기물함량은 3.7%-14.7%, 치환성 양이온의 경우 울릉도가 다른 조사지역에 비해 비교적 높게 나타났다.

본 연구는 한려해상국립공원 동부지역에 위치한 8개 특정도서의 관속식물상을 조사·분석하여 특정도서의 생태계를 보전하고 관리하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 실시하였다. 조사지역에서 양치식물 3과 4속 4종 1변종 5분류군, 나자식물은 1과 1속 2종 2분류군, 피자식물중 쌍자엽식물은 49과 108속 130종 1아종 16변종 1품종 148분류군, 단자엽식물은 8과 33속 33종 6변종 1품종 40분류군으로 총 61과 146속 169종 1아종 23변종 2품종 195분류군이 출현하였다. 특정도서별로 어유도는 47과 94속 96종 13변종 109분류군, 등대섬 44과 92속 89종 1아종 14변종 2품종 106분류군, 갈도 44과 73속 74종 7변종 1품종 82분류군, 송도 38과 71속 72종 8변종 80분류군, 홍도 11과 15속 15종 1변종 16분류군, 소병대도는 9과 13속 12종 2변종 14분류군, 소다포도는 9과 13속 14종 14분류군, 대병대도는 8과 11속 12종 12분류군이 조사되었다. 한국특산식물 1종, 귀화식물은 2과 5속 5종 5분류군, 희귀식물 4과 4속 3종 1변종 4분류군이 조사되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물종은 Ⅰ등급 33종, Ⅲ등급 7종, Ⅳ등급 1종, Ⅴ등급 1종이 출현하였다.

순수 베타 핵종인 90Sr 분석은 화학적 거동이 유사한 알칼리 토금속(Ca, Ba, Ra)등 방해 원소를 제거할 분리 공정이 필요하다. 본 연구는 Sr을 추출/정제하기 위해 추출크로마토그래피법을 이용한 최적의 절차를 마련하는 것을 목적으로 한다. Sr resin 1.5 mL BV(Bed Volume)의 최대 Sr 흡착량은 6 mg이었다. 유량 1 mL min-1과 Ca 200 mg 이하에서는 Sr resin 1.5 mL(BV) 의 Sr 회수는 정량적이었으나, 유량을 5 mL min-1으로 중가 시키면 Sr 회수율이 감소하였다. 같은 양(BV)의 Sr resin을 사용 할 경우, 컬럼의 단면적이 작을수록 Sr resin의 분리능이 향상되었다.

원자로의 해체 과정에서 발생되는 방사성 폐기물 내 존재하는 55Fe, 63Ni은 폐기물의 처리방법을 결정하는 데 있어 기초적인 지표로 활용되는 중요한 핵종이다. 하지만 두 핵종은 낮은 방사선량으로 인해 다른 핵종들과의 분리가 필수적이며 또한 시 료 매질에서 완전히 추출할 수 있는 전처리가 선행되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 다양한 매질의 원자로 해체 폐기물에 대한 전처리방법의 적용성을 평가하기 위해 NIST SRM 5종 (1646a, 1944, 8704, 2709a, 1633c)에 대하여 왕수, 불산, 과염소산을 각각 이용하는 습식산화법과 alkali-fusion 전처리법에 따른 Iron와 Nickel의 회수율을 비교하였다. 실험 결과 alkali-fusion 방법은 다양한 매질의 인증표준물질에 대해 Iron 95.3~98.3%, Nickle 86.6~88.1%의 분석 정확도와 2% 이하의 정밀도를 나타냄으로서 해체폐기물 중 55Fe, 63Ni 분석에 가장 최적화된 전처리법으로 판단된다.