작물의 묘소질은 정식 후 본포에서의 생육이나 수량, 품질에 영향을 미치기 때문에 작물 재배에서 있 어서 육묘는 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 야간온도 수준을 10, 15, 20℃로 조절하여 토마토묘와 수박 접목 묘의 생육에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고 야간온도에 따라 변화된 초장, 건물중, 경경 등의 건묘를 나타내는 중요한 생육지표간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 야간온도 10℃로 관리하였을 때 토마토묘에서 엽면적지수와 건물중이 다른 처리에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 야간온도를 20℃로 관리하였을 때 수박 접목묘에서 초장이 길어지고 경경이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 재배기간 동안의 누적온도에 대한 반응은 토마토의 경우 야간온도가 낮을 경우 누적온도가 같더라도 엽면적이 감소되어 결과적으로는 건물중을 감소시켰으며, 수박 접목묘의 경우 초장이 유의적으로 길어졌다. 주요 생육지표간의 상관관계를 살펴보면 토마토묘의 경우 초장과 경경의 경우 온도처리와 상관없이 선형적인 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타나 묘소질을 판단하기에는 부적절한 것으로 판단되며, 수박 접목묘의 초장과 경경은 야간기온 처리 에 따라 달라지며 상관성을 보이지 않았으므로 묘소질을 판단하는데 이용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

본 연구는 식물공장에서 청경채와 상추의 발아조건과 육묘배지 및 육묘 시 양액농도가 묘의 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 청경채와 상추의 발아율은 광의 유무와 온도처리(15, 20, 25℃) 간에 유의적 차이가 없었으나, 육묘배지 간에는 우레탄스펀지의 경우 파종 전 후 수분관리 유 무에 따라 큰 차이를 보였다. 즉, 우레탄스펀지 배지에서 파종전 후 수분관리를 하지 않았을 경우 암면에 비해 발아율이 현저히 낮았으나, 수분관리를 해주었을 때에는 암면보다 발아율이 높았으며, 묘의 생육도 암면과 차이가 없었다. 그리고 청경채의 생체중은 EC 1.0dS·m-1에서 1.5dS·m-1에서보다 1.8배 무거웠고, 0.5dS·m-1에서보다는 6배 무거웠다. 상추의 생체중 또한 EC 1.0dS·m-1이 1.5dS·m-1와 0.5dS·m-1에 비해 1.7배와 3.5배 각각 무거웠다.

In order to monitoring the flora change of Yongneup, an alpine wetland, survey of vascular plants was conducted. It found that flora of Yongneup was consisted of 249 taxa, i.e., 205 species, two subspecies, 36 varieties, and six formae. Among them, Korean endemic species was totally 18 taxa. Also, the conservatory plants classified from fifth to first grade by Ministry of Environment were distributed 71 taxa in the Yongneup area. It is shown this area is very high biodiversity. The naturalized plants were found only five taxa. Especially, Trientalis europaea var. arctica and Menyanthes trifoliata, rare and endangered species, were re-confirmed this time. However, we could not find some plants reported previously. Therefore, it needs more correct investigation in future.

This study set out to compare and analyze the influences Kabbalah, which was Louis I. Kahn's faith as a Jew, on his architecture based on Freud's psychoanalysis that had many exchanges with modernism and contemporary architecture and the analytical psychology of Jung that affected Kahn in examining his architecture and theories. The specific goals of the study were to shed light to Kahn's presence in contemporary architecture anew and establish the methodology of using psychoanalysis in building new theories of architectural planning. When the theories of psychoanalysis were introduced for comparison and analysis purposes, Kahn tried to differentiate his buildings by placing a function or symbolic central space at the heart of a building even though he did adopt a characteristic of modernism architecture, which was placing a core at the centre of plan, for a while. Such a tendency of his was based on Jung's opinions rather than Freud's and affected by Ecole des Beaux-Art. The analysis results also indicate that he conceived "Served Space & Servant Space," "architecture of connection" and "silence and light" that made up the essence of his architectural theory from the relationships between Ayin-Sof, Kabbalah's absolute god, and Sefiroth. It's also very likely that his often use of triangles and circles in his architecture was affected by the Tree of Sefiroth diagram of Kabbalah. His tendency is well reflected in Salk Institute and Philips Exeter Academy Library, where he placed a laboratory or courtyard at the center where a core was supposed to be, created a corridor or courtyard space between those central spaces and the core, and connected them one another with circulation. Thus he succeeded in embodying the concept of Tree of Sefiroth with which to perceive the being of Ayin-Sof into an architectural space, which is well proven with Mikveh Israel Synagogue where he directly applied the Tree of Sefiroth diagram. The synagogue also contained a hollow column that served as an important concept in his late architecture. The hollow column was also the result of him applying the concept of Sefiroth to the place where Ayin-Sof was reduced in Kabbalah.

This survey was carried out to investigate the flora of Micheongol nature recreation forest at Yangyang. Vascular plants surveyed were consisted of 285 taxa, i.e., 254 species, 2 subspecies, 28 varieties, and 1 formae. Korean endemic plants were Cirsium setidens, Viola diamantica, Hanabusaya asiatica, Deutzia coreana, Aster koraiensis, Tilia taquetii, Vaccinium hirtum var. koreanum, Salvia chanryonica, Filipendula glaberrima, Tilia rufa, Salix caprea and Anemone koraiensis. Also, the conservatory plants classified from first to fifth grade were distributed 47 taxa in the Micheongol nature recreation forest area. The naturalized plants were found 12 taxa. Especially, Leontice microrrhyncha S. Moore, rare and endangered species, was found in this area firstly.

Kyedan(戒壇) is an altar to perform a rite of Buddhist Initiation which gives Precept to a Buddhist monk. Sometimes it is called the Place of Precept and Mandala by Sanskrit. In this study, the Sutra of the Tang(唐) Dosun(道宣) regarding First Kyedan of Jetavana-anathapindasyarama(祇園精舍), which was the first temple such as, Kyedandokyung(戒壇圖經), Kiwonsadokyung(祇洹寺圖經), Sabunyul(四分律) were analyzed to find out original form and layout. Ultimately, the study was intended to examine the spatial formation-principle by comparing with Kyedan Temple. The results of this study could be summarized as below. First. Except for Kyedan in Bakryensa, the height of lower stone plate of Buddhist Bell-Shaped Stupa of Korean Kyedan is higher than three storied Kyedan that described in Kyedandokyung. Second. Buddhist Bell-Shaped Stupa above Kyedan was presumed that embodied image of Bell Pedestal and symbolism of overturned-bowl were combined together, when Kyedandokyung and Kiwonsadokyung were referred. It could be examined by the existence of stone lantern. Third. In Korea, the rite of Buddhist initiation that gives Precept in Kyedan has been considered impossible. However, when the rite was conducted, there was a possibility to establish wood stair. It is because that the Buddhist Stupa of Silleuuksa(神勒寺) and Woljeongsa(月精寺), which reflected the image of Kyedan had stone stair. Fourth, The method to build Kyedan of Dosun divided into Large Region and Small Region was applied to the method to construct Stone terrace behind Jeongmyeolbogung(寂 滅寶宮) like Tongdosa(通度寺) and complete Kyedan on the stone terrace. In other words, Jeongmyeolbogung became Kyedanwon(戒壇院) and Kyedan, itself became Small Region. The area of Stone terrace became Large Region and naturally, they constituted an Institution. Fifth, Korean Kyedan which is consist of Jeongmyeonlbogung and Kyedan is a Korean original composition principles of Kyedangaram(戒壇伽藍) that can satiate all the functions of Kyedan as a religious subject and the place of the rite of Buddhist initiation, as it had complex of Outdoor Kyedan, which was suggested by the sutra of Dosun and Institution of Kyedan.

This study is to find out the characteristics of the changes of the site layout in Beopjusa which was built on Maitreya faith in the Shilla.. According to the analysis of it in this study, we make conclusions as follows; 1) The reconstruction of Beopjusa means a start in Dhamalsama(法相宗) and then it was supposed to be Buddhist temple which was formed by intersecting axis of centering around a wooden pagoda(捌相殿) with a main Buddhist hall and a lecture hall. 2) After the middle of Koryo dynasty, Beopjusa was changed to building layout of intersecting with Yongwabojeon(龍華寶殿) and Daeungbojeon(大雄寶殿) because of harmony with Avatamsaka(華嚴宗) and Dhamalsama centering around Avatamsaka. 3) The buildings of Zen Buddhism was built in the early Chosun dynasty owing to a prevalence of Zen Buddhism in the late Koryo dynasty. And since 17th century, Buddhist halls were each built in their a faith system according to interpenetrated Buddhism(通佛敎). 4) The courtyard type of mountainous district was made on interpenetrated Buddhism. On the other hand, the site layout of Beopjusa is being maintained by centripetal spatial organization through the wooden pagoda as object.

4 royal palaces are currently remained from capital city (Seoul) of 'Cho-Sun(朝鮮)' period. In these palaces, 'Main hall of Royal Palace(正殿)' is the center of the Royal Palaces. The 'Main hall of Royal Palace' of the Royal Palace was the best building of that time. Therefore there were many studies about the 'Main hall of Royal Palace'. But these studies were individual studies of these 'Main hall of Royal Palace'. Therefore, this study is to analyze and compare 4 'Main hall of Royal Palace' of the Royal palaces. It is to study the proportion regarding the Diameter of the pillar, the Height, the pillar and pillar Interval's Distance, and the arrangement of 'Kong-Po(bracket sets)'. With these studies, it is to prove that the 'Main hall of Royal Palace' is the building which high construction technique of this time is expressed. Result of this study is as followings; First, the proportion of pillar height(H) to its diameter(D) average from H=8.0 to 8.5D. Only the Myeong-Jeong-Jeon omitted the 'Go-Ju(高柱)' in the 'Toi-Kan (退間)' to place Ea-Jwa(御座). Second, Second, the proportion of diameter of the pillar of 'Eoi-Bu-Pyeong-Ju(外部平柱)' and 'Nae-Jin-Go-Ju(內陣高柱)' average D1(Diameter of 'Eoi-Bu-Pyeong-Ju') =0.91D2 (Diameter of 'Nae-Jin-Go-Ju'). In regards to the height, the single floor 'Main hall of Royal Palace' and double floor 'Main hall of Royal Palace' seems to be different. The height proportion of the double floor 'Main hall of royal palace' is H1(Height of 'Eoi-Bu-Pyeong-Ju')=0.34H2(Height of 'Nae-Jin-Go-Ju') and single floor 'Main hall of Royal Palace' has a proportion of H1=0.62H2. Third, in Geun-Jeong-Jeon, with the proportion of height and diameter of the pillar, interval's distance between pillars and diameter, the pillar interval distance and height, of 'Ea-kan(御間)' from the 'Toi-Kan' is different from 'Main hall of Royal Palace'. This is because the structure of 'Toi-Kan' of Geun-Jeong-Jeon is not stable. In order to reinforce this, 'Gui-Go-Ju(隅高柱)' of the Geun-Jeong-Jeon jut out $4{\sim}7%$ more compared to In-Jeong-Jeon. Fourth, when comparing double floor 'Main hall of royal palace' of Geun-Jeong-Jeon and In-Jeong-Jeon, based on distance of 'Eoi-Bu-Pyeong-Ju' and 'Nae-Jin-Go-Ju' of lower level, the 'Sang-Bu-Pyeong-Ju(上部平柱)' of Geun-Jeong-Jeon jut out $4{\sim}7%$ more compared to the In-Jeong-Jeon and also It becomes thicker. Fifth, the arrangement of 'Kong-Po' on the front row of 'Gan(間)' had to do with the change of side 'Gan'. Even though the Geun-Jeong-Jeon and the In-Jeong-Jeon were double floors, the arrangement of the 'Kong-Po' is different because the number of side bay is different.

Through psychological evaluation, this study attempted to verify the effect of quality of life improvements from gardening activities in apartment landscaping spaces. The study was conducted on 32 mothers raising children. Psychological valuation was conducted using world Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire(WHOQOL-Bref), the Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS), the Life Satisfaction Experience Scale(LSES), and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised(SCL-90-R). The psychological analysis results showed that, engaging in gardening activities for two weeks had, a positive effect on mothers’ environmental of quality of life evaluation. The LSES indicates that satisfaction with oneself significantly increased after starting the gardening activities. The activity resulted in a positive change in attitude toward life. The SCL-90-R results showed changes in the mother’s psychological state. There was a significant amelioration of obesessive-compulsive behaviors, hostility, and phobic anxiety. In conclusion, this study was found that, for mothers in apartments, outdoor gardening activities can significantly affect their quality of life. Moreover, it can help prevent mental health deterioration, Further study should be conducted on the beneficial effects of gardening on the variety of age groups and activities.

콘크리트의 수축현상은 체적 변화를 발생시키며 균열의 원인이 되어 구조물 내구성 및 안정성에 영향을 미친다. 콘크리트의 수축 에 영향을 미치는 요인은 매우 다양하며, 특히 골재는 시멘트 페이스트의 변형을 구속하여 수축 발생을 억제하기 때문에 골재의 특성은 수축 현상에서 중요하게 고려하여야 하는 부분이다. 한편, 골재 부족 현상으로 인해 천연 골재 대체재 개발 및 적용에 대한 연구가 다방면으로 진행되고 있으며 콘크리트용 골재로 사용 되는 재료도 점차 다양해지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전기로 산화 슬래그를 굵은 골재로 사용한 콘크리 트의 수축 특성을 평가하기 위해 수축 실험을 진행하였으며, 실험 결과와 수축 예측 모델을 비교하여 기존 예측 모델의 적용성을 검토하였다. 실험 결과, 전기로 산화 슬래그를 굵은 골재로 사용함에 따라 수축량이 감소하는 결과가 나타났으며, 특히 자기수축 저감 효과가 크게 나타났다. 예측 모델과의 비교 시 건조수축과 자기수축 각각 GL2000 모델과 Tazawa 모델이 가장 유사한 예측값을 나타냈으나, 보다 정확한 예측을 위해서는 골재 및 혼화재의 물성을 고려할 수 있도록 보완이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

본 연구에서는 굵은 골재 특성이 콘크리트 건조수축에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 높은 밀도를 가진 전기로 산화슬래그를 굵은 골재로 사용하여 콘크리트 건조수축 시험을 진행하였다. 실험 결과, 전기로 산화슬래그를 굵은 골재로 적용한 콘크리트의 경우 일반 골재를 사용한 콘크리트에 비해 건조수축 발생량이 저감되었으며, 이는 일반 골재에 비해 높은 밀도를 가진 전기로 산화슬래그의 물리적 특성에 기인한 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구에서는 일반 굵은골재와 더불어 전기로산화슬래그를 굵은골재로 대체하였을 때, 초기재령시기에 동결피해를 입은 콘크리트의 압축강도 특성을 평가하였다. 실험결과, 초기 재령시기에 동결 피해를 입었을 때, 전기로산화슬래그를 굵은골재로 혼입한 콘크리트의 경우에 압축강도 발현율이 일반 굵은골재를 사용한 콘크리트의 경우보다 더 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구에서는 고 흡수성 폴리머의 입자형태와 혼입율에 따른 모르타르의 강도 특성을 조사하였다. 고 흡수성 폴리머의 수분 흡수·방출에 의한 내부양생 효과 검증을 위해 수중양생과 기중양생을 실시하여 강도 특성을 비교하였다. 실험결과에 따르면, 수중양생의 경우 입자형태와 혼입율에 따라 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 기중양생의 경우 입자크기가 큰 고 흡수성 폴리머가 내부양생 효과로 인해 더 높은 강도 값을 나타내었다. 모르타르의 공극구조 분석을 통해 강도와의 상관관계에 대한 추가적인 분석이 필요하다.

In this study, the fundamental properties of concrete using industrial waste as aggregate were evaluated. The concrete specimens were prepared using the steel slag as coarse aggregate and heavyweight waste glass. It was found that when the electric arc furnace slag substitution ratio increased, air contents and density also increase. However, the slump is decreased with an increase in the substitution ratio of electric arc furnace slag.