Objective: To learn correlation and linear relation between Perceptual Quotient (PQ) and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) by evaluating visual perception and IQ of the children with cerebral palsy and normal children, to compare the difference of the subject groups, and to use it as the preliminary study on the correlation between the visual perception and the IQ. Method: The assessment for the visual perception has been performed by Motor Free Visual Perception Test-revised (MVPT-R) twice and for the IQ by Leiter International Performance Scale (LIPS). Subjects have been 11 children with the cerebral palsy and 9 normal children, at the age of between 5 and 11. Results: Regarding the scores of the MVPT-R and the IQ of LIPS, the normal children’s scores have been higher than the one with the cerebral palsy, with meaningful statistics. There has been very high correlation between mental age and perceptual age, the IQ and the PQ, and the IQ has increased as the PQ has increased. When it comes to linear regression, the cerebral palsy has fit 65.9% while the other with the normal children has fit just 34.2%. Conclusions: There is a possibility of predicting the PQ and the IQ owing to the high correlation and the linear relation showed between the PQ and the IQ. There is a need for the activated study on the linear relation collecting the data about enough subjects through further research.

Microemulsion is stable to aggregation, sedimentation, fusion and has 3nm~200nm of particle size which is transparent and semitransparent. The isoflavone as a derivatives of Flavone is colorless crystalline compounds. It has similar basic structure to steroid materials which is hormone that acts to skin physiological phenomenon. On this study, we tried to search and demonstrate system content rate of dermal translocation system for cosmetics using O/W type microemulsion containing isoflavone. We manufactured O/W microemulsions by phase inversion emulsification method. It's was found that POE(20) monostearate with HLB value 14 caused microemulsion to be formed, which had 4nm~18nm of average diameter and 3nm~33nm of particle size distribution. Apparent viscosities of the microemulsions have increased in proportion to add surfactant dose.

Physiological Cost Index (PCI) of walking has been widely used to predict oxygen consumption in healthy subjects or patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictability of physiological cost index of walking for the amount of exercise and cardiac function. Walking exercise was conducted in 67 healthy children (age 4-12) with a self-selected comfortable walking speed on the level surface. Walking speed was calculated, and heart rate was measured before and immediately after the walking. PCI was calculated for statistical analysis. The results were as follows; 1) The walking speed tends to increase and PCI of walking tends to decrease with age. There was significant difference in walking speed and PCI of walking among three age groups (p<.05). The change of walking heart rate tends to decrease with age, however, there was no significant difference among three age groups. 2) Linear regression equation between walking speed and age was 'Y (walking speed) = 2.124X (age) + 48.286' (=.337), (p=.00). 3) The walking heart rate tends to decrease with age. Linear regression equation between walking heart rate and age was 'Y (walking heart rate) = 143.346 - 2.63X (age)' (=.3425), (p=.00). 4) The walking heart rate decreased as body surface area (BSA) increased. Linear regression equation between walking heart rate and BSA was 'Y (walking heart rate) = 149.830 - 27.115X (BSA)' (=.3066), (p=.00). In conclusion, these equations and PCI could be useful to quantify the variation of energy expenditure of children with pathological gait when compared with age-matched healthy children.

Allylaliphatic carboxylate oligomers were prepared from polymerization giving allyl aliphatic carboxylates in the presence of potassium persulfate in methanol and the α-sulfonation of these allyl aliphatic carboxylates oligomers were carried by direct addition of dry sulfur trioxide. The dispersing performance of oligomer type anionic surfactants and SDS in the aqueous suspension of Fe2O3 and Tio2 particles were evaluated by particle size distribution and ξ-potential measurement. As results, the particles of Fe2O3 and Tio2 were flocculated by addition of small amount of oligomer type anionic surfactants and SDS, then the flocks redispersed by more addition oligomer type anionic surfactants and SDS. The dispersion and flocculation were observed in lower concentration range of oligomer type anionic surfactants than SDS.

Acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives of n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate were synthesized and basic physical properties of pressure sensitive adhesives with increasing the contents of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate were investigated. 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylates effects on glass transition temperature, viscosity, hardening time and peel strength. Glass transition temperature(Tg) decreased with increasing the contents of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Viscosity and hardening time were increased with increasing the contents of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. On the other hands, peel strength increased with increasing the contents of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate up to 6 wt% and the decreased at further higher contents of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. In peel test, interfacial failure was occured in 8 wt% and 10wt%.

Physiological Cost Index (PCI) of walking has been widely used to predict oxygen consumption in healthy subjects or patients. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the predictability of physiological cost index of upper extremity exercise with a sander for the amount of exercise and cardiac function and to find out most efficient speed of exercise. Upper extremity exercise was conducted in 67 healthy children (age 4 -12) for 2 minutes with a sander in two different speeds, such as self selected comfortable and self selected fast speeds. Speed of sander was calculated, and heart rate were measured before and immediately after the exercise. Physiological Cost Index (PCI) of upper extremity exercise was calculated for statistical analysis. The result were as follows; 1.　Comfortable and fast speeds of the sander went up according to the increase of age, sander PCI during exercise by it, decreased as the age increased with significant difference in each group (p=0.00). The heart rate change during exercising by it, there was no significant difference. 2.　The heart rate change during the exercise by sander increased as the speed of sander increased. Linear regression equation between the heart rate change during the exercise by sander and the speed of sander were 'Y (the heart rate change by sander) = 0.332X (the speed of sander) + 12.731' (R²= 0.154). Stepwise regression showed the speed of sander affected the change of heart rate positively, and the age affected negatively (R²= 0.242, p = 0.00). 3.　The PCI during the exercise by sander decreased as the speed of sander increased. Linear regression equation between the PCI during the exercise by the sander and the speed of sander were 'Y (the PCI by sander) = -0.00495X (the speed of sander) + 2.091'(R²= 0.267), and statistic significant was recognized (p = 0.00). 4.　The speed of exercise by sander it increased as the age increased. Linear regression equation between the speed of the sander and the age were 'Y (the speed of sander) = 2.481X (the age) -0.893(R²= 0.452), and statistic significant was recognized(p = 0.00). 5.　The reliability analysis for the method of examining each PCI, showed high reliability coefficients and the value of alpha was 0.9337. In conclusion, PCI of the upper extremity exercise with a sander could be thought to predict the energy consumption from the speed of sander as there was a linear relationship between the speed of sander exercise and heart rate change with exercise. PCI of the upper extremity exercise with the self selected fast speed was most efficient. Further study with oxygen consumption analysis is recommended to apply PCI in upper extremities in patients with different pathologies in motion.

Several instances of synergistic interaction have been identified between alkyl amine oxide and long chain fatty acohol polyethoxylates in various surfactant formulation. The purpose of this study was examined whether these benefits could be observed within the framework of generic hand-surface cleaning formulations. Comparative evaluation were also carried out to determine the performance characteristics of low-and zero-phosphate systems in which amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylates are used. Best cleaning was observed with 1:1 mixtures of the subject surfactants, but substantial improvements over fatty alcohol ethoxylate alone also were noted with formulations that contained lower ratios of amine oxide

The sodium α-sulfo fatty acid vinyl ester oligomers, which are oligomer type surfactants were prepared by polymerization with fatty acid vinyl acetate. The α-sulfonation of fatty acid vinyl ester oligomers were carried by direct addition of sulfur trioxide. The dispersing performance of oligomer type anionic surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) in the aqueous suspension of iron oxide and titanium dioxide particles was evaluated by particle size distribution and zeta-potential measurement. As results, the particles of iron oxide and titanium dioxide were flocculated by addition of small amount of oligomer type anionic surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), then the flocks redispersed by more addition of oligomer type anionic surfactants and SDS. The flocculation, redispersion process was observed in lower concentration range of oligomer type anionic surfactants than SDS. Especially, the dispersing action of sodium α-sulfo palmitic acid vinyl ester oligomer was better than sodium α-sulfo lauric acid vinyl ester oligomer.

Nivalenol(NIV)의 검출을 위한 효소면역측정법(ELISh)을 개발하기 위하여 tetraacetyl nivalenol(Ac4-NIV)에 대한 다클론항체를 생산하고 그 조건을 확립하였다. Ac4-NIV-hemisuccinate를 bovine serum albumin에 공유결합 시킨 Ac4-NIV-HS-BSA를 Freund's adjuvant와 함께 수차례 토끼에 피하면역하였다. 가장 높은 항체가를 나타낸 항혈청으로부터 정제한 항체와 Ac4-NIV-HS-HRP conjugate를 이용하여 직접 경합 ELISA(cdELISA)를 확립하였다. 그 표준곡선으로 부터 Ac4-NIV의 검출범위는 10~5,000 ng/ml(ppb)임을 알 수 있었다. 특이항체의 Ac4-NIV과 acetyl T-2에 대한 반 응성은 각각 100, 70%였으나, NIV, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol, triacetyl deoxynivalenol, fusarenon-X, T-2에 대한 반응성은 0.1% 이하로 극히 미약하였다. NIV를 인위적으로 오염시킨 옥수수시료를 70% acetonitrile로 추출하고 acetylation한 다음 cdELISA를 행하였을 때, 분석의 회수율은 100, 300, 1,000 ng/g(ppb)에서 각각 108, 143, and 70%(평균, 107%)로 나타났다.

Fluorescent anionic oligo surfactants were synthesized by the condensing products of long chain alkylvinylether-maleic anhydride cooligomers and resorcinol including dye structures. Their various surface activities and dispersing action were studied on the aqueous solution. These oligo surfactants exhibited a remarkable surface tension lowering property, lower foaming and a large dispersing action for the particles of α-copper phthalocyanine blue. Further it was ascertained that the binding of oligo surfactant onto the pigment surface caused the deviation towards lower wavelengths at the maximum fluorescent intensity as compared with aqueous oligo surfactant solutions, These surface active properties of the oligo surfactants may be attributed to rigid and hydrophobic structure of dye groups, besides surface-active groups of alkylether groups and carboxylic group of the anionic oligo surfactants.

The ultraviolet blocking agents used to skincare are largely classified ultraviolet scattering agent and ultraviolet absorbent agents. There are UVC, UVB, and UBA in ultraviolet ray(UV) showing shorter wavelength than visible light. Both visible light and UVA give rise to 1st dark-skinned phenomena. On exposure of the skin to UV, phenomena of skin variation are termed sunburn or suntan. There are chronic and acute adverse reactions in skin response to UV. The latter is caused by UVB, which has mainly effects on the skin. But lately due to destruction of ozone layer, UVA has more serious irritation on the skin than UVB. In this paper spectrometric properties of UV absorbent agents such as PABA, octyl-PABA, Urocanic acid, and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone in vitro have been investigate. As results, it was found that the three fomer were more suitable than the last. UV scattering measurements on the sample used inorganic pigments showed that pigments containing titanium dioxide had a better scattering effects than the inorganic pigments such as Fe2O3, Al2O3, etc.

최근 영양 생리적으로 중요성이 인정된 식이섬유가 인체내에서 나타내는 생리기능은 식이섬유의 각 구성성분들의 함량과 특성에 의해 영향을 받으므로 각 성분들을 분별 측정할 필요가 있으나 국내에서는 식이섬유의 함량을 측정한 연구가 미흡한 실정이며 특히 가열조리시 조리 전후에 있어서 식이섬유 함량이 어떻게 변화하는가에 대해서는 검토된 바 없다. 그러므로 본연구에서는 한국인이 상용하는 채소 15종(근채류 3종, 과채류 3종, 경채류 2종, 엽채류 7종)에 대해, 식이섬유 각 구성성분의 함량을 측정 비교하였으며, 각종 조리방법과 김치발효에 따른 식이섬유의 함량 변화를 조사하였다. 이 상의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 각종 채소의 불용성 식이섬유 함량은 건물 기준으로 총 불용성 식이섬유인 Neutral detergent fiber(NDF)는 11.8 ∼ 31.9 %, acid detergent fiber(ADF)는 10.9 ∼ 25.4 %, cellulose는 8.8 ∼ 23.8%, hemicellulose는 0.6 ∼ 10.6 %, lignin은 1.0 ∼ 5.2 % 범위였으며 특히 고추류에서 총 불용성 식이섬유함량이 높았다. Cellulose는 총불용성 식이섬유인 NDF의 63%정도를 차지하여 본 실험에 사용된 채소들의 경우 불용성 식이섬유의 대부분이 cellulose로 구성되어 있음을 알 수 있었다 조리시 NDF, ADF, cellulose 함량은 원료시료보다 증가했으며 이들 성분들의 변화는 cellulose의 함량변화에 기인했다. 그러나 hemicellulose와 lignin 함량은 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 발효 시 NDF, ADF, cellulose 함량은 원료시료보다 약간 증가했으나, hemicellulose와 lignin은 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 조리나 발효와 같은 처리에 의해 불용성 식이섬유 분획 중 cellulose만이 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.