본 내용은 최근 국내 양식 넙치에서 발생하는 연쇄구균병에 관하여 정리한 내용으로, 주요 균 종은 Streptococcus iniae, S. parauberis 그리고 Lactococcus garvieae이다. 최근 발생경향은 지금 까지 보고된 내용과 2002년에서 2017년 사이에 국립수산과학원 균주은행의 기탁균주에 대한 정보를 기초자료로 검토하였다. S. iniae와 L. garvieae는 계속 검출빈도가 줄어들었고, 균주은행 기탁균주의 경우에도 두 균주 각각 2012년과 2002년 이후로 기탁 건수가 없었다. 최근 양식 넙치에서 우점적으로 분리되는 연쇄구균병의 원인세균은 S. parauberis이다. 또한 육안적 증상 과 병리조직학적 변화를 함께 비교 · 검토하였는데, S. iniae 감염에서는 안구백탁, 출혈, 장염 그 리고 복수저류가, S. parauberis 감염에서는 체색흑화, 심외막염이 주요증상이다. L. garvieae 감 염은 연쇄구균병에서 나타나는 증상이 공통적으로 나타나지만, 독성은 다른 두 종의 증상과 비교하여 약한 것으로 판단되었다. 병리조직학적 증상은 급성인지 만성인지에 따라 내부 장기 별로 변성진행에 차이를 나타내지만 육안적으로 관찰되는 주요증상이 조직학적 소견에 반영 된다.

In order to offer specific information needed to assist in operation of a ship with same type rudder through evaluating the maneuverability of training ship A-Ra with flapped rudder, sea trials based full scale for turning test, zig-zag test with rudder angle 10° and 20°, and spiral test at service condition were carried out on starboard and port sides around Jeju Island according to the standards of maneuverability of IMO. As a result, the angular velocity of port turn was higher than that of starboard turn. Therefore, the size of turning circle was longer on the starboard side. In addition, variation of the transfer due to various factors was more stable than those of the others. In the Z-test results, the mean of 1st and 2nd overshoot angles were 9.8°, 6.3° and 15.3°, 9.2° respectively when the port and starboard was 10°; the 1st overshoot angle were 18°, 13.7° when using 20°. Her maneuverability index Tˊ and Kˊ can be easily determined by using a computer with the data obtained from Z-test where Kˊ and Tˊ are dimensionless constants representing turning ability and responsiveness to the helm, respectively. In the Z-test under flap rudder angle 10°, the obtained Kˊ value covered the range of 2.37-2.87 and Tˊ was 1.74-3.45. Under the flap rudder angle 20°, Kˊ and Tˊ value showed 1.43-1.63, 1.0-1.73, respectively. In the spiral test, the loop width was unstable at +0.3° and –0.5°-0.9° around the midship of flap rudder. As a result, course stability was comparatively good. From the sea trial results, training ship ARA met the present criterion in the standards of maneuverability of IMO.

본 논문은 콘(Korn)의 3집 앨범「Fallow The Leader」의 수록된‘Freak On a Leash’를 분석곡으로 선정하여 록 장르에서 나타난 스캣에 대해 연구하였다. 연구 방법으로는 재즈에서 사용한 스캣과 본 연구곡에서 사용한 스캣을 비교하여 두 스캣의 공통점과 차이점을 분석하였다. 분석연구 결과 록과 재즈의 장르적 차이점이 있지만 분석곡에서 사용한 기법과 재즈에서 사용한 스캣의 발음적 유사점과 악기 소리를 차용 하여 사용한다는 유사점을 확인하였고 그에 따라 스캣을 사용하였다고 유추할 수 있었다. 콘의 분석곡에서 사용한 기법은 재즈에서 사용하는 스캣으로 특히 록 장르 악기의 디스토션 효과를 그로울링으로 표현하여 장르적 특성에 맞게 변화시켜 사용하였다. 또한 재즈에서 즉흥적으로 사용하는 스캣과 달리 기타의 리프처럼 한마디의 스캣을 일정하게 반복한다는 차이점을 가지고 있었다. 결론적으로 록의 장르적 특성을 스캣의 테크닉과 접목한다면 좀 더 다양한 표현 기법을 확장시킬 수 있다는 것을 결과를 도출하였다.

We collected AIS information on fishing vessels operating near Jeju Island, and analyzed appearance density of the Chinese fishing vessels and inferred the movements of the fishing grounds. AIS information was received from October 16, 2016 to October 16, 2017 and stored on a hard disk through a program called AisDecoder. Unauthorized fishing vessels within the Exclusive Fisheries Agreement Zone (EFAZ) operated near the EFAZ boundary, and the frequency of appearance of fishing vessels were high in the middle waters of Korea and Japan, 252 and 250 fishing zones. Chinese fishing vessels authorized to enter appeared scattered outside the Prohibiting Fishing Zone of the Large Trawlers (PFZLT), and the closer they were to the PFZLT boundary, the higher the appearance density. And the appearance of Chinese fishing vessels with a speed from 0 to 3 knots was mostly outside the EFAZ, showing high density in the waters close to the boundary between Korea and Japan. On the other hand, within the EFAZ, the frequency of appearance of Chinese fishing vessels was also low and scattered. The appearance of Chinese fishing vessels with a speed from 3 to 5 knots mostly shows some variability within the EFAZ, but the frequency of appearance was high and the density was high. The seasonal appearance of Chinese fishing vessels in the waters south of Jeju Island appeared in the southwest in the autumn and then moved south and southeast of Jeju Island in the winter, and in the spring and summer. They were considered going to other fishing grounds without fishing in the waters south of Jeju Island.

Fucoidan(후코이단)은 주로 갈조류에서 추출되는 fucose를 함유한 함황 다당류의 일종으로, 항 균, 항바이러스 및 항종양 효과와 함께 다양한 경로로 면역력을 향상시키는 생리 기능성물질 로 알려져 있다. 최근 연구에 따르면, 인체 백신 분야에서는 fucoidan의 백신 adjuvant(항원보조 제)로서의 가능성이 제시되었다. 수산업 분야에서는, 보조사료로서의 fucoidan의 기능에 관한 연구는 보고되고 있으나, 수산용 백신 개발을 위한 adjuvant 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 동물세포 에서 fucoidan의 adjuvant에 대한 긍정적인 검토와 함께 안전성을 증명한 연구는 많이 있지만, fucoidan을 어류 백신용 adjuvant로 사용하기 위해서는 어류에서도 이를 확인할 필요가 있다. 또한 fucoidan의 분자량에 따라 세포 내 흡수율이 각기 다르다는 점과 병원체의 인위감염에 따 른 항체 생성을 포함한 어류의 특이면역 반응 시스템에 대한 연구가 많이 부족하다는 제약이 있다. 따라서 이러한 분야에 대한 적극적인 연구가 뒷받침 된다면 안전하고 효과적인 adjuvant 로 사용할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 fucoidan이 사람과 동물을 포함하여 어류의 면역자극 즉 체액성 및 세포성 면역에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구를 검토하고, 수산업 분야에서 fucoidan 의 사용과 어류 백신용 adjuvant로서의 가능성을 고찰하였다.

기후 변화로 인한 수온의 상승은 어류 서식지에 영향을 미친다. 수온의 변화는 어류 생리 거의 모든 부분에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 기후 변화에 따른 수온의 상승은 산소 용해도의 감소 및 산소 운반 헤모글로빈의 결합 능 력의 감소로 인해 저산소증을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구는 대서양 연어 (Salmo salar) 치어 성장의 최적수온 (15°C)보다 고 수온 (20°C)에 사육 시, 대서양 연어 치어의 건강상태를 평가 하기 위해 수행되었다. 평가 방법은 NGS RNAseq 분석방법을 이용하여 생체지표유전자를 개발하고, RT-qPCR 분석을 이용하여 생체지표유전자의 발현양상을 조사하는 것이다. 개발한 생체지표유전자로는 interferon alpha-inducible protein 27-like protein 2A transcript variant X3, protein L-Myc- 1b-like, placenta growth factor-like transcript variant X1, fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 transcript variant X1, transferrin, intelectin, thioredoxin-like, c-type lectin lectoxin-Thr1- like, ladderlectin-like 및 calponin-1 등이다. 선택된 생체지표 유전자는 NGS RNAseq 분석을 통해 수온변화에 민감하게 발현한 유전자들이며, RT-qPCR 분석을 통한 이들 유전자의 발현 양상은 NGS RNAseq 분석을 통한 발현 양상과 매우 유사하게 나타났다.

In the area around Jeju Island, the squid jigging fishery and the hair-tail angling are popular. Therefore, the study on the characteristics of the formation and shift of fishing grounds is very important. We have received and analyzed AIS data of all vessels around Jeju Island from October 16, 2016 to October 16, 2017, and extracted the positions of the fishing vessels with the same operational characteristics as the fishing vessels of their fisheries. The distribution chart of the frequency of fishing vessels appearing in each predefined fishing grid (1 NM × 1 NM) was analyzed. So we took a analogy with the monthly shift of fishing grounds. Many fishing vessels appeared in the seas around Jeju Island from November 2016 to January 2017, and the frequency of their appearance was maintained. In November, however, fishing vessels were mostly concentrated in coastal waters. Yet, the density gradually weakened as they moved into January. From February, the frequency itself began to decline, making it the worst in April. The high concentration of fishing vessels in the waters leading from Jeju Island's northwest coast to south coast in November is believed to be related to the yellowtail fishery that are formed annually in the coastal waters off the island of Marado. In May 2017, the appearance frequency of fishing vessels increased and began to show a concentration in coastal waters around Jeju Island. Fishing vessels began to flock in waters northwest of Jeju Island beginning in July and peaked in August, and by September, fishing vessels were moving south along the coast of Jeju Island, weakening the density and spreading out. Between July and August, fishing vessels were concentrated in waters surrounding Jeju Island, which is believed to be related to the operations of fishing vessels for the squid jigging fishery and the hair-tail angling.

버섯은 영양적인 면에서 뛰어난 기능성 식품이며 인체에 중요한 영양 성분을 함유하고 있어 오래전부터 식용은 물론 약용으로 널리 이용되어 왔다. 표고버섯은 항종양, 항당뇨, 혈압조절 등의 성인병 예방 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있고 현재 배지에 기능성 소재를 첨가하여 기능성이 증진된 버섯을 생산하려는 연구가 많이 시도되고 있다. 본 연구는 수종별로 상수리나무, 메타세쿼이아, 두충나무, 개서어나무, 구실잣밤나 무의 원목 재배에 의한 표고버섯의 기능성 성분 함량을 분석하였다. 총폴리페놀 함량 분석결과 보편적으로 쓰이는 상수리나무 5.9ug/g 보다 구실잣밤나무에서 9.6ug/g 약 1.6배 높았고 총플라보노이드 함량은 상수리 나무의 경우 69.3ug/g, 구실잣밤나무에서 83.9ug/g 약 1.2배 높았다. 구실잣밤나무의 경우 gentistic acid, chlorogenic acid, esculin 함량이 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 향후 기능성 버섯 등 목적에 맞는 맞춤 형 재배, 농가 등에 유용한 자료로 활용하고자 한다.

We have studied the efficient operation of the radar and the appropriateness of the installation location, when constructing the VTS system. As the Civil-Military Complex Harbour (Kangjeong Port) is completed in 2016, we set the control area within 10 nautical miles centering on Kangjeong Port, and found out and removed the operational radar blind area of VTS system to provide safe navigation information for vessels that navigating this area. Assuming that two international cruise ships entering at the same time, we performed the radar simulation and compared the images by considering the three sites of Kangjeong Port, Miaksan and Seoguipo Port. Simulation results for a single radar installed at Kangjung Port indicate that the blind area was largely affected by two large cruise ships and the surrounding islands. The blind area due to Kogunsan was considerably large when installed in Miaksan, but the blind area due to the influences of Beomseom, Moonseom and Seopseom was negligibly large. It seems that additional radar installation is necessary as a complementary solution to solve this blind area. When two radars were installed at Miaksan and Kangjeong Port, the residual blind area due to the Seopseom was 0.25 km2 at 0.1~0.33 nautical miles in the southeast direction from Seopseom. In addition, the remaining blind area with two cruise ships mutually influenced was 0.18 km2, which did not occur with a single cruise ship.

Disinfection of microorganisms using UV light is widely used in the field of water supply and wastewater treatment plant, In spite of high germicidal effect and relatively clean by-product, UV disinfection has fundamental defeat that is accumulation of fouling materials at the interface of water and lamp sleeve. Non-contact type of UV photoreactor which can avoid this fouling generation was developed and the experimental performance evaluation of the system was carried out in this study. Log inactivation rate of E. coli was selected as a disinfection index. The concentration of E. coli of second clarifier effluent was 8.2×101 - 8.2×103 colony per mL and was well inactivated by the non-contact type of UV photoreactor. Under the UV intensity condition of 2.1 - 2.5mW/cm2, E. coli removal rate was observed in the range of 54 - 95% when the HRT was increased from 10 to 52 seconds. Experimental results showed that log inactivation of E. coli was proportional to UV dosage and 200mJ/cm2 of UV dose is expected for the 2.0 log inactivation of E. coli from the second clarifier effluent. Between the two parameters of UV intensity and contact time which are consist of UV dose, UV intensity was 4 times more effective than contact time.s

Recently, the concept of damped outrigger system has been proposed for tall buildings. But, structural characteristics and design method of this system were not sufficiently investigated to date. In this study, the dynamic response control performance of outrigger damper has been analyzed. To this end, a simplified analysis model with outrigger damper system has been developed. Use the El Centro seismic(1940, NS) analysis was performed. Analysis results, on the top floor displacement response to the earthquake response, did not have a big effect. However, acceleration response control effect was found to be excellent. The increase of outrigger damper capacity usually results in the improved control performance. However, it is necessary to select that proper stiffness and damping values of the outrigger damper system because, the outrigger damper having large capacity is result in heavy financial burden.

The objective is to investigate effect of liposome coated hemicellulose on softening of carrot. To encapsulate hemicellulose in nanoliposome, 2% hemicellulase and 2% lecithin were processed by using high-speed homogenizer (10,000 rpm, 3 min) and ultrasonification (200 W, 54%). The carrot were cut into cylinder type (3×1 cm) and then immersed in distilled water (DW, control), hemicellulase (He) and nanoliposome coated hemicellulose (He/NL) for 48 h at 4oC. The final concentration of hemicellulose is 1% (w/v). The droplets properties of He, NL, He/NL analyzed using zeta-sizer. Moreover, the carrots treated different immersed solutions were characterized by measuring hardness, color, microstructural observation and enzyme activity (glucose contents). For the results, hardness of carrot immersed in He or He/NL solution decreased after 48 h by 47% or 31% (outline of carrot) and 35% or 31% (center of carrot) respectively compared to control (7,240 g). The total color difference value of all samples increased over immersion time. For microstructural observation, cell was destroyed after 24 h at He solution. For the enzyme activity, glucose contents of carrot in He solution increased than it in He/NL at 0 h sample however the enzyme activity was no significant difference with immersion time.