In this study, instead of economic estimation of forecast value, we evaluated the value score(VS) of the user satisfaction using the concept of satisfaction/dissatisfaction. We compared the collective Value Scores (cVS) based on outputs of probabilistic forecasts of precipitation seasonally in Seoul and Busan during the period of 2004 to 2013 and ÿnally found the optimum threshold that can improve cVS of both cities. When using 30% threshold, the users can expect a higher cVS compared with those using other thresholds. When using the seasonal optimum threshold in Seoul, the cVS is additionally higher by 9%. These results show the level of satisfaction of the forecast that can be improved when the meteorological communities inform the users the correct threshold of the rainfall probabilistic forecast.

We found that, in 1984, there was a climate regime shift in April mean precipitation in Gwangju of Jeollanam-do province, Korea using a statistical change-point analysis. During the period of post-1984(1985-2013), the April mean precipitation in the years post-1984 showed a distinct decrease, compared to the pre-1984 period(1954-1984). This regime shift was also observed in China and Japan, excluding southern China. One of the major causes for the decreasing April mean precipitation during the recent three decades was the increased snow depth in the mid-latitude regions of continental East Asia. The increased snow depth resulted in strengthened cold and dry anticyclone anomaly over continental East Asia and a relatively weakened subtropical anticyclone anomaly over the western North Pacific. The anomalous synoptic conditious supported a continuation of the typical winter pressure pattern of ‘high-West and low-East’ over East Asia in April. The intensified northerly winds from this zonal pressure pattern anomaly played a significant role in restricting the northern movement of the subtropical anticyclone and there by preventing the inflow of warm and humid air into Korea.

The direct-runoff of South Korea's representative dams (Soyanggang, Chungju, Andong, Daecheong, and Seomjingang) and precipitation were analyzed mainly with the evenly distributed spring rainfall events across the country for the last five years. For precipitation, an increasing was presented during the period 2008-2011, but did not continue to increasing 2012. The average precipitation of the five dams displayed a similar trend. Except for Chungju and Andong Dams, the trend of runoff was similar to the one shown in the precipitation. Despite the precipitation of 2009 increased, the runoff volume decreased for Andong and Chungju Dams. In addition, Chungju Dam remarkably showed a bigger runoff volume compared to other dams. As for the Sumjingang Dam, the runoff volume was the smallest, and the difference is as great as over 15-fold when compared to other runoff values. After the result of analyzing the relation between a single runoff event and synoptic weather patterns, pattern 4 contributed to the greatest impact on this event and weather patterns. The total runoff volume of the five dams for spring rain event for the last five years that exhibited this characteristic was estimated at 5.68 billion tons(106m3). Lastly, the value of this estimation was assessed as approximately 273.1 billion KRW.

This study identified the current condition of a long-term forecast and analyzed the demand characteristics in accordance with each field. The detailed policy plans of a long-term forecast and its follow-up task include the following. First, the need for promotion of a long-term forecast and the name of a ‘long-term forecast’ should be promoted. Second, the media of offering information needs to be promoted. Third, an in-depth survey of each segmented industry should be conducted. Fourth, it is necessary to prepare a tailored information system. Fifth, there is a need for establishing an information data delivery system according to corporate size. Sixth, it is required to provide relevant authorities with information in consideration of a regional scale. Seventh, the support of weather policies regarding a longterm forecast should be increased.

Spring rainfall events were comprehensively analyzed based on the distribution of precipitation amount and the related synoptic weather between 2008~2012. Forty-eight cases are selected among the rain events of the entire country, and each distribution of the 24-hour accumulated precipitation amount is classified into three types: evenly distributed rain(Type 1), more rain in the southern area and south coast region (Type 2), and more rain in the central region (Type 3), respectively. Type 1 constitutes the largest part(35 cases, 72.9%) with mean precipitation amount of 19.4 mm, and the 17 cases of Type 1 are observed in March. Although Type B and C constitutes small parts (11 cases, 22.9% and 2 cases, 4.2%), respectively. The precipitation amount of these types is greater than 34.5 mm and occurred usually in April. The main synoptic weather patterns affecting precipitation distribution are classified into five patterns according to the pathway of low pressures. The most influential pattern is type 4, and this usually occurs in March, April, and May (Low pressures from the north and the ones from the west and south consecutively affect South Korea, 37.5%). The pattern 3(Low pressures from the south affect South Korea, 25%) happens mostly in April, and the average precipitation is usually greater than 30 mm. This value is relatively higher than the values in any other patterns.

경기도 옹진군부근의 근해로부터 채취된 해사로부터 비중 및 자력선별을 통한 중광물의 회수공정을 실시하여, 광물학적 특성을 분석하였다. 옹진군 해사 내에 포함된 중광물로는 티탄철석, 저어콘, 소량의 모나자이트 및 석류석 등이 있으며, 맥석광물로는 석영, K-장석, 사장석, 백운모, 보통각섬석, 녹염석, 녹니석 등이 있다. SIROQUANT 프로그램을 이용한 광물 정량분석 결과, 요동테이블 선별, 영구자석을 이용한 자력선별(rare-earth magnetic separation) 및 전자석 자력선별(Eddy current magnetic separation)로부터 회수한 유용광물인 티탄철석의 함량은 각각 0.8, 18.3, 48.7%로 증가되었다. 또한 원사, 1차 비중, 2차 비중, 1차 자력 및 2차 자력선별 산물 중 대표시료 및 중광물군에 대한 화학분석치로부터 재계산시, 티탄철석 및 모나자이트의 함량은 각각 0.23, 0.55, 5.22, 16.17, 44.99% 및 0.11, 0.02%, 0.16, 0.51, 1.19%로 증가하였다. 그러나 저어콘의 경우에는 0.13, 0.12, 0.11, 0.15, 0.10%로 큰 변화를 보이지 않았지만, 2차 비중선별시료 중 가장 미립인 -140 메시 입단의 경우 0.27%의 높은 값을 보임으로써 입도분리를 통한 선별 시, 회수율 증대가 기대된다.

본 연구에서는 국립기상연구소에서 구축한 기상기술정책정보센터의 자료를 통해 방재분야에 대한 최근의 정보동향을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 재해를 줄이기 위하여 국내외에서 다양한 첨단 기술을 이용하여 방재 시스템을 구축하여 운영하고 있었으며, 중앙 정부에서 지원한 시스템 외에도 지자체에서 적극적으로 지역 특성에 맞게 방재 대책을 강구하고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 국민들에게 기상재해 경감을 위하여 관련 교육과 홍보를 통해 유사시 대피 요령 등의 인지를 확대하기 위한 노력이 활발하였다.

필리핀 만카얀 지역의 빅토리아 광산에서 입수한 금 은 광석으로부터 금 은 성분의 회수율을 높이기 위해 지질 및 광물학적 특성, 금과 은의 수반상태, 파 분쇄에 따른 단체 분리도, 체 분리에 의한 분립 특성과 요동테이블에 의한 비중 선별 특성을 연구하였다. 필리핀산 금 은 광석은 황철석, 섬아연석, 방연석 등의 황화광물과 석영 및 점토 등의 맥석 광물로 구성되었다. 금 은 성분은 황철석, 섬아연석, 방연석 등의 황화광물에 주로 수반되어 있었다. 황화광물 결정의 크기는 100μm에서 1μm 이하까지 광범위한 입도분포를 갖기 때문에 금 은이 수반된 황화광물의 단체분리도를 높이기 위해서는 금 은 광석을 최소한 100μm 이하로 매우 작게 분쇄해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 금 은 광석을 Jaw crusher → cone crusher → rod mill 등으로 단계적으로 파.분쇄하여 입도(d90)를 100μm 이하로 조절하면 단체분리도가 92% 정도까지 높아졌다. 금 은 성분이 함유된 황화광물의 결정이 100μm 이하의 입단에서 고르게 분포되어 있기 때문에 체질에 의한 분립 방법으로는 금 은을 수반한 황화광물을 선택적으로 분리하여 회수할 수 없었다. 파 분쇄한 금 은 광석을 체로 분립한 후 요동테이블로 비중 선별한 결과, 정광에는 황화광물이 주로 농축되어 금과 은의 품위가 각각 40 ppm 및 140 ppm까지 높아졌다. 이때 정광의 금 실수율은 거의 100%에 이르지만, 은 실수율은 50% 수준에 불과하였다.