The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of P fertilization and cutting fkquency without N fertilizer on nutritive value and nitrogen fixation activity of alfalfa. A field experiment was conducted on the experimental farm of Kongju Natio

The experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of phosphate fertilizer level on growth, crude protein content and nitrogen fixation ability of alfalfa(Medicugo sariva L.) at sowing year. The experimental field was conducted using a randomized b

The effects of coating materials on germination, establishment and herbage production were investigated in a laboratory and field over 1988-1989. For this purpose, four treatments of lime 50 % + briquet ash 50 %, briquet ash, dairy excreta and fowldung as

This study analyzed the quality characteristics of black garlic made from Seosan Yukjok Garlic and elephant garlic in Seosan, Chungnam province. Of the inorganic components, Mg content was the highest in all treatment groups, and the Ca content was high in each of the 15 day treatments. The content of K was high after 10 days aging in Yukjok garlic and after 15 days in the elephant garlic. The Fe, Na, K, and Mg content was high in Yukjok black garlic after 15 days, and Na, K, Ca, and Mg were high in the elephant black garlic aged for 15 days. The crude fat content was high in both Yukjok black garlic and elephant black garlic after 15 days. Vitamin C content was highest in both types of garlic after aging for 15 days. An analysis of four kinds of organic acids showed that citric acid was the only organic acid to appear in raw garlic of Yukjok garlic and elephant garlic. Black Yukjok garlic and elephant black garlic had a greater total amino acid content than the raw garlic of either type. However, among the tested amino acids, 13 kinds of amino acids were at their highest after five days of ripening in Yukjok black garlic, while 15 kinds of amino acids were abundant in elephant garlic after the same period. Eight kinds of amino acids were high after aging for 15 days. Through this study, it was confirmed that, in the process of making black garlic, changes in the main components of the garlic occur through different routes, and these changes vary depending on the garlic species. Therefore, this study provided basic data for the processing of Seosan's Yukjok black garlic and elephant black garlic.

이 연구에서는 고인성 섬유보강 콘크리트의 직접인장거동으로부터 부재단면에 대한 적층단면해석기법을 통해 휨인장거동을 예측해 보고자 하였다. 고인성 섬유보강 콘크리트의 압축 및 인장거동에 대한 기존의 실험결과를 토대로 압축 및 인장 거동 모델을 구성하였으며, 일반적인 콘크리트 휨시험의 경우를 대상으로 하중-처짐 관계를 도출하였다. 그 결과, 동일한 압축강도의 일반콘크리트와 비교했을 때 4배의 휨인장강도를 보이고 최대하중에서의 처짐도 2mm에 도달하는 것을 예측할 수 있었다.

This study was carried out to investigate the changes in the amount of 20 free amino acids in PDB (Potato Dextrose Broth) medium during the incubation period while cultivating Lentinula edodes. The total incubation period was 90 days, and the total amount of free amino acids was confirmed every 45 days. Among the 18 kinds of amino acids whose increase and decrease patterns were confirmed, 10 amino acids were increased compared to that in the control, among which cysteine increased from its initial value of 9,889 ± 3 μg/L to 12,909 ± 2 μg/L at 45 days and 29,256 ± 4 μg/L at 90 days. Six amino acids with decreased expression patterns were identified. Arginine decreased to 83,751 ± 2 μg/L after 45 days from its initial value of 161,787 ± 1 μg/L and to 79,055 ± 7 μg/L at 90 days.

This Research was the standardization of nutrient sources by reviewing the possibility of cultivation and analysis of imported nutrient sources used in Pleurotus ostreatus culture. As a first result, the concentration of heavy metals was not detected or trace, and the total nitrogen content of cotton seed pomace was 6.22% in Australia, which was higher than that of Chinese or USA. As a second result of physical properties of nutrient sources, the water holding capacity of beet pulp from Egypt was higher with increasing pressure. The volume water content of US was highest at 400hpa and 500hpa in case of cottonseed meal. Third, the content of total nitrogen was the highest at pH 5.51 and the total nitrogen content was the highest at 2.45, and the C/N ratio was the highest at 28.18. Last result shows that first germination day, yield and biological effciency of all treatments were not significant differnet except T2. These results shows that australian cootton was inappropriate to Pleurotus ostreatus culture. Nevertheless, the safety and standardization of the Pleurotus ostreatus culture medium should be assured by reviewing the media low material importing season, mushroom yield and nutrient sources.

The purpose of this research is to analysis actual condition of promoting complex industrialization and changes after promoting, and then to classify organic farmer using cluster analysis based on delineated organic farmer’s changes factors. This study also aims to investigate differences in socioeconomic characteristics and behavioral intentions among classified groups of organic farmer’s changes. Data were obtained by questionnaire. From the factor analysis, four factors were derived as “Economics”, “Public benefit”, “Environment and philosophical values” and “Establishing management and the regional bedrock”. From the cluster analysis, three cluster were derived as “group that has a positive awareness of promoting complex industry”, “group that has a negative awareness of promoting complex industry” and “unstable management and a regional base”. And the three classifications were significantly different in the satisfaction and behavioral intentions.

This experiment was conducted to assess changes to the chemical properties of soil and applicability in a case of rice cultivation with organic fertilizers. The investigator applied organic fertilizers to rice cultivation for five years to examine changes to the chemical properties of soil and found that the experiment group of organic fertilizers made an ongoing increase in pH, organism content, and available phosphate content annually compared with the control group with no big differences according to the amounts of organic fertilizers used. As for the yield components, there were no statistical differences in the number of spikelets and grain filling rate between the experiment group of organic fertilizers and the control group. The experiment group recorded a higher level in 1,000 seeds weight and yield than the control group. Experiment Group 4 recorded the highest level at 29.11 kg of 1,000 seeds weight. Experiment Groups 3 and 4, which used 222 kg and 267 kg per 10 a, respectively, recorded 576 kg and 572 kg of yield, respectively, which were 4.7% and 4.1% higher than 549 kg of control group, respectively. As for the quality of brown rice, there were no statistical differences in the head rice percentage between the control and experiment group, both of which were in the range of 83.2-85.7%. As for the protein content, Experiment Groups 3 and 4, both of which used a lot of organic fertilizers, were in the range of 6.9-7.1%, which was lower than 7.5% of control group. Those findings indicate that the long-term application of organic fertilizers can improve the chemical properties of soil and increase the yield more than the conventional method of fertilizer application. The findings also suggest that it will be effective to apply 222 kg of organic fertilizers or more per 10 a.

his study was carried out to investigate antimicrobial activities of water extracted Pleurotus ostreatus var Heuktari (PO), and their application to F. fujikuroi Nirenberg growth inhibition material. Various organic solvents (chloroform, hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol) were tested to investigate the antimicrobial activities of Pleurotus ostreatus var Heuktari against F. fujikuroi Nirenberg. Chloroform, hexane, ethyl acetate and hot water extracts had no antimicrobial activities, but butanol extract showed 2.5% strong activities in order of F. fujikuroi Nirenberg disk diffusion test. Then we observe Antifungal activity using green house. Bed soil and mushroom extract mixed at 10%, 7.5%, 5%, 2.5%, 1% total bed soil mass. Screening of Antifungal activity was tested two periode 18day and 25day. The Antifungal activity rate of each period and extract density was 7.5% mixed bedsoil has investigated 80% Antifungal activity rate. The result indicates that the Pleurotus ostreatus var Heuktari extract using F. fujikuroi Nirenberg registance, which shows the development of organic agriculture seed disinfectant.

As for chemical characteristics of cultivated media waste, the total content of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium was 6.93%; organic matter content was 67.78%; pH and EC were 7.20 and 1.46 ds/m, respectively. Organic acids identified during stabilization included citric acid, oxalic acid, fumaric acid, and acetic acid, which was highest. During the stabilization of cultivated media waste, temperature decreased and pH increased on the 15th day, and the germination index was 88 after the period, indicating that at least 15 days of stabilization is needed when cultivated media waste is used for growth material of crop. As for germination characteristics, when the mixture rate of cultivated media waste was 20% and under, germination of cucumber and oriental melon was favorable without difference compared to the control plots. For lettuce and Chinese cabbage, no statistically significant difference was found when the rate was 10% and under compared to the control plots. As for seedling quality after 20 days of sowing, cucumber, oriental melon, and Chinese cabbage showed favorable growth only when the mixture rate of cultivated media waste was 10% and under; lettuce showed lower growth characteristics regardless of mixture rate when compared to the control plots. Cultivated media waste may be significantly useful for cucumber and oriental melon, but not for Chinese cabbage and lettuce.

벼 재배시 화학비료를 대체하기 위한 유기질비료의 활용성 시험에서 유기질비료의 사용 후 토양의 화학적 특성에서는 pH와 유기물함량은 유기질비료의 시비량이 많을수록 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 생육특성 면에서도 대조구와 비교하여 생육초기에는 유기질비료와 화학비료를 같이 사용한 처리구가 높게 나타나고 있으나 생육후기에서는 유기질비료를 12 kg/10 a를 시비한 처리구7이 엽면적과 생체중, 건물중이 가장 높은 수준이었으며 수량구성요소 면에서는 영화수나 등숙비율은 유의차는 인정되지 않았으며 수량 면에서도대조구와 처리구들이 10 a당 500 kg이상의 수량을 보였고가장 높은 수량은 처리구7이 538 kg/10 a 나타내고 있으며 미질특성 면에서도 대조구와 비교하여 유기질비료의 시비에따라 큰 차이가 나타나지 않고 있다. 벼 재배시 유기질비료로 화학비료를 대체하기 위하여 본 실험을 진행한 결과 유기질비료를 시비할 시에는 토양의 물리성이 개선되는 효과가 나타났으며 벼의 수량구성측면과 현미의 품질측면에도관행적으로 시비하던 화학비료와 비교하여 큰 차이가 없어유기질비료는 화학비료를 대체할 수 있는 비료로서의 효과가 입증되었으며 합리적인 사용량은 10 a당 267 kg을 사용하는 것이 품질과 수량확보 면에서 유리한 것으로 판단된다.

This text was analyzed and investigated the vegetation and floristic composition by cluster analysis and classification of phytosociological method, to evaluate the species composition, habitat environment and community structure of Liriope platyphylla and Liriope spicata group in Korea. The southeast slope gradient of the habitat of L. platyphylla and L. spicata was 6.7 to 8.4%, and the habitat altitude of L. platyphylla (41.0 m), L. spicata (114.9 m) was different. Habitat distribution of L. spicata was broader than L. platyphylla. Appearing plants of L. platyphylla and L. spicata group was 58 taxa, 99 taxa, respectively, and Coverage of tree layer was 87.5%, 92.5% respectively. In genus Liriope group, the highest appearing frequency of plant grow in the moist valley as Quercus serrata. Thus, plants of genus Liriope growth was better in moist shade. The vegetation of L. platyphylla group was classified into Quercus serrata community, Castanopsis sieboldii community, Pinus densiflora community and Pinus thunbergii community, and the Liriope spicata group was classified into Quercus serrata community, Quercus alien community, Quercus acutissima community, Prunus verecunda community, Robinia pseudoacacia community, Pinus densiflora community and Pinus thunbergii community. In genus Liriope group, Quercus serrata and Pinus densiflora communities was the closest the similarities.

본 연구는 우리나라 중서부지역인 충청지역에서 사료작물의 새로운 작부체계로 보리와 완두를 혼파재배할 때 기초자료로 이용하고자 혼파비율과 예취시기에 따른 사료가치변화를 구명하기 위하여 수행하였고 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 건물수량은 보리의 파종비율이 높을수록 증가하였으며, 보리와 완두 혼파비율이 85 : 15% 파종구에서 5월 16일에 예취할 때 가장 많았다. 조단백질, 가급태단백질 및 가소화 단백질은 4월 25일 예취시에는 혼파비율간 유의차가 없으나, 5월 2일 예취 이후부터는 완두의 혼파비율이 높을수록 증가하는 경향이었다. 보리의 혼파비율이 높을수록, 예취시기가 늦을수록 ADF와 NDF는 증가하는 경향이었으며, RFV는 오히려 감소하는 경향이었다. TDN함량은 완두의 혼파비율이 높을수록 증가하였으나, 예취시기별로는 5월 9일 예취시까지는 예취시기가 늦을수록 감소하였고 그 이후는 예취시기가 늦을수록 증가하는 경향이었다. P와 Mg함량은 혼파비율간 유의차가 없었으며, 완두의 혼파비율이 높을수록, Ca은 증가하였고, K은 감소하였다. 예취시기별로는 P, Ca 및 K은 예취시기가 늦을수록 감소하였으나. Mg은 5월 9일 예취시기까지는 별 변동이 없었고, 그 이후 예취시 부터는 예취시기가 늦을수록 증가하였다. 에너지함량에서 ENE, NEM 및 NEG는 혼파비율과 예취시기 간에 유의성이 있어 완두의 혼파비율이 높을수록, 예취시기가 빠를수록 증가하였다. 건물중에 각 성분의 함량을 적한 수량에서 보면 단백질, P, Ca, K 및 Mg 등의 무기물 수량은 보리와 완두의 혼파비율이 75 : 25% 파종구에서, ENE, NEL, NEM 및 NEG 등의 에너지 수량과 TDN수량은 보리와 완두의 혼파비율이 85 : 15% 파종구에서 가장 높았다. 예취시기별로는 TDN 수량, 모든 무기물 및 에너지수량은 5월 16일에 예취하는 것이 가장 높았다.

최근 들어 콩을 채소처럼 먹을 수 있는 풋콩에 대한 관심이 증가하여 그동안 풋콩 전용품종들이 개발 보급되어 왔으나 대부분 조생종인 하대두(올콩)형이었며, 과거 우리 선조들이 이용했던 검정 및 갈색 종피를 가진 유색콩을 재배하여 종실에 착색이 시작되는 성숙시(R7 단계)에 수확, 9 10월 추석 송편속이나 밥밑용으로 이용하는 풋콩품종은 적었다. 따라서 콩의 국내 자급율 향상과 이용도를 다양하게 확대할 목적으로 9 10월경 수확할 수 있는 적합한 품종을 선발하기 위하여 유색콩 품종들의 생육 및 수량을 포함한 풋콩 특성을 비교한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유색 장려품종 6개와 재래품종 3개 등 9품종을 공시하여 발아특성을 비교한 결과 출아는 립중이 무거울수록 지연되는 경향을 보였으나 출아율은 유의차가 없었다. 2. 수확기는 검정올콩이 7월 30일로 가장 빨랐으며, 논산재래가 10월 21일로 가장 늦은 극만숙종이었다. 3. 경장은 25~104cm 로 넓은 범위를 보였으며, 아산재래가 104 cm로 가장 커서 도복지수가 높았으며, 검정올콩이 25 cm로 가장 작았다. 4. 개체당 협수는 9~111 개의 분포를 보였는데 가장 많은 품종은 일품검정콩으로 111개이었고 가장 적은 품종은 아산재래로 9개이었다. 5. 풋콩 특성 중 2립협 이상 비율이 높은 품종은 검정올콩이 82%로 가장 높았으며, 황금콩과 검정콩1호가 각각 78%와 73%로 비교적 높았다. 6. 10a당 생협수량은 일품검정콩이 1,567 kg으로 가장 많았으며, 선흑콩 1,468 kg과 갈미콩 1,397 kg으로 많은 수량을 보였다. 따라서 공시된 9품종 중에서 9 10월에 추석 송편속이나 밥밑용으로 이용할 수 있는 것으로 상품성에서는 검정올콩, 황금콩 및 검정콩 1호가 높으나 수량이 너무 낮았고, 수량성이 좋은 일품검정콩, 선흑콩, 갈미콩이 풋콩 재배에 적합한 품종이라고 판단된다.

콩의 용도는 메주나 장류 또는 두부로 이용하는 장류콩, 나물로 이용하는 나물콩, 혼반용으로 이용할 수 있는 밥밑용으로 이용되어 왔으나, 최근에는 콩을 채소처럼 먹을 수 있는 풋콩에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 시험은 풋콩재배에 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 검정용 및 갈색콩 품종들의 풋콩재배시 가지풋콩의 상품성을 향상시키면서 풋콩수량을 증대시킬 수 있는 적정재식거리 구명을 위한 실험으로 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 재식거리는 파종으로부터 개화까지의 소요일수, 수확까지의 소요일수 및 도복에 영향을 주지 않았다. 2. 경장은 밀식할수록 증가한 반면 협수, 분지수, 개체당 협수, 분지당 협수, 경협중 및 2+3립협의 비율은 밀식할수록 감소하였다. 3. 풋콩의 크기는 재식밀도간 유의적인 차이는 없었으나, 풋콩의 수확지수는 밀식할수록 낮았다. 4. 밀식을 하면 풋콩의 수량은 증대하지만 경협중, 분지 당 협수 및 2+3립협의 풋콩수량을 고려한 가지풋콩으로의 상품성을 고려할 때 적정재식밀도는 선흑콩과 일품검정콩은 60×25cm , 갈미콩은 60×35cm 이었다.

This study analyzed physical and chemical characteristics of peat soil to use peat soil as the materials for pot media and investigated seedling quality of horticultural plants in order to use peat soil as the raw materials for pot media. The summary of the results is as follows; The chemical characteristics of peat soil, which is main ingredient of pot media are as follows; pH was 4.9, EC was less than 2.0 dsㆍm⁻¹, which interferes the growth of the plant and organic ingredient was 33%. When looking into the germination characteristics of plants according to the mixture of pot media, red pepper showed 54.2% speed of germination and 97% germination rate in peat soil single treatment. Therefore the peatsoil was appropriate for the pot media for red pepper. In case of cucumbers, in the 50 : 50 treatment of main ingredient (peat soil) and auxiliary ingredients (vermiculite, peat moss and perlite) they showed 100% speed of germination and 100% germination rate. Therefore 50 : 50 treatment was appropriate for the pot media for cucumbers. In case of chinese cabbage, peat soil, perlite and peat moss mixture (50 : 25 : 25) treatment showed the highest speed of germination (77.5%), while the germination rate was a little lower (92.15%) than comparative soil. However, it was appropriate for the pot media for chinese cabbage. In case of watermelon, germination was bad because of the influence of EC when the teat soil ingredient is over 80%. However, in the mixture of peat soil and vermiculite (50 : 50) treatment, they showed 91.6% speed of germination and 100% germination rate. Therefore it was appropriate for the pot media for watermelon. When looking into the growth of the plants according to the mixture of ingredients, peat soil and perlite (50 : 50) mixture showed excellent seedling quality for cucumbers, peat soil and perlite (50 : 50) mixture showed excellent seedling quality and it was proven to be appropriate for the pot media for cucumbers. In case of watermelon, peat soil, peat moss and perlite (80 : 10 : 10) mixture showed excellent seedling quality and it was proven to be appropriate for the pot media for watermelon.

This study was carried to examine the changes in kernel-greenness under different storage conditions in green-kerneled rices, Saedongchalbyeo (Korea) and Hexi41 (China). Rough and brown-rice grains were stored just after harvest under different storage conditions; low (15℃) and room temperature storage, and light and dark storage at 21℃, 24℃, and 27℃. Kernel- greenness was measured by using colorimeter. When the grains were stored in brown rice at room temperature under light condition after harvest, kernel greenness was maintained up to 4 months and gradually faded away until 8 months. However, kernel greenness was maintained up to 10 months storage after harvest at room temperature under dark condition, and up to more than 11 months at low temperature under dark. Rough-rice grains kept the greenness up to more than 11 months regardless of the light and temperature. The higher the storage temperature, the less kernel-greenness when stored in brown rice. Light was the critical factor for degradation of kernel-greenness. For long-term storage of green-kerneled rices, rough-rice storage, or brown-rice storage under low-temperature and dark condition seemed to be desirable for the maintenance of kernel-greenness.