Kim Whan-ki is an unusual instance in Korean modern artists, who payed attention to emotional and expressive effects of colors. The color of Whan-ki’s paintings have been recognized as linked with ‘blue’ in spite that he used colors within the category of ‘Colors of Five Directions(五方色)’, which are traditional oriental colors composed of red, blue, yellow, white, green and black. Kim Whan-ki unearthed upon similarity of Five Directions Colors to the three(five) primary colors which modern abstract painter like Mondrian layed down. Whan-ki switched the five directions colors to modern ones. Kim Whan-ki’s dot painting in which pure and watery color is sucked in ground is modernistic adaptation from ink painting. He packs a dot with sky and earth, moon and stars, forest and tree, birds and flowers, friends at his hometown, wind, sound and so on. Putting tens of thousands of these shapes and colors into a dot is modernistic version from ink painting. In that point there is a possibility to say that ‘dark blue’ of the dot painting is ‘Hyun-saec(玄色)’. Eventually we can make sure that Kim Whan-ki’s view of Art originated in oriental philosophy and beauty.

The importance of strategic operation on the IT outsourcing israpidly increasing. The selection process of IT outsourcer plays a critical role since the service quality determined by IT outsourcer is directly linked with each other. While the importance of the selection process is realized, it is still quite drift and subjective. This paper proposes an evaluation model that helps a decision group to select a proper IT outsourcer among alternatives by using Analytic Hierarchy Program, AHP. In this paper, the web system is designed the way that focuses on group decision making with a geometric mean method, GMM, of AHP for IT outsourcer selection.

이 논문은 강릉과 원주지방의 오존의 일변화의 특성을 분석하였다. 원주지방의 오존의 일변화는 대도시 지역에서 관측되어지는 오후에 최대치, 일출부근에 최소치를 보여주고 있다. 그러나 강릉지방의 일변화에서는 오후에 최대치를 보여주나 새벽 3시경이 2차 극값이 관측되어졌다. 3차 극값의 경우 오후 최대 값보다 높은 값이 종종 관측되어졌다. 이와 같은 새벽에 발생하는 오존 상승은 일년 내내 관측되어졌으나 그 양과 범위에서 봄철이 가장 뚜렷하였다. 이와 같은 새벽 오존 상승에 대한 원인을 알아보기 위하여 기상인자와 오존의 상관관계와, HYSPLIT모델을 이용하여 공기의 기원을 조사하였다. 새벽 오존 농도 상승이 나타나는 날은 바람이 강하고 온도가 상대적으로 높은 날이었다. 새벽오존 농도 상승이 일어날 때 모델을 이용한 공기의 기원을 분석해본 결과 서풍이 불면서 하강운동이 동반한 경우였다. 이러한 분석결과는 편서풍이 강하게 부는 봄철에 대도시가 밀접한 강릉의 서쪽 지역에서 이동되어온 오존의 영향에 의한 것으로 사료되어진다. 이런 경우 밤에도 바람이 강하게 불어 강력한 혼합현상에 의해 오존이 풍부한 대기 상층의공기가 하부로 유입되면서 지표 부근 오존의 양이 증가한 것으로 보인다.

Objectives : To investigate recognition toward elderly’s lifestyle among university students, college students, specific department students of physical therapy, nursing, home economics educated elderly health and welfare program Method : The survey is performed by 1290 university students, 2399 college students, 192 students of specific departments. The instruments in this study consisted of a 13-items related to elderly’s lifestyle using nominal scale. We sent questionnaire by mail and received from chair of each department. Analysis of the data was done by using frequency statistics. Results : The opinion of specific three departments related to health care was higher than university and college in government’s policy, medical health for elderly. Conclusions : The recognition of students toward elderly’s lifestyle was impacted by characteristics of department.

The purposes of this study was to evaluate the effect of low power GaAsAl laser on tissue contraction in a linear incision wound on rat skin. The linear incision wound was made on the midline of the backside in the experimental animals. Low power laser applications with different intensities such as 3, 6, or 10 mW were applied to the experimental animals twice a day for 10 days. On either the seventh or tenth postoperative day, the quantitative analysis of the inflammatory reaction surrounding the linear incision wounds on the rats were performed using enzymatical analysis of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The number of neutrophil was from a normal blood sample that was obtained from the normal experimental animals. Each concentration of neutrophil showed .04-.62 unit activity of MPO. Therefore, the 6 unit activity of MPO per neutrophil was unit. On the 7th and 10th post operative day, non treated tissues demonstrated increased MPO activity as compared to that of normal tissue. These data indicated that the inflammatory reaction of tissue was induced after wound induction and the MPO activity were increased in the inflammed tissues. While both 3 mW or 6 mW intensity of laser treatments did not affect the tissue MPO activity, 10 mW intensity of laser treatment significantly decreased the tissue MPO activity on the 7th and 10th post operative day. These data demonstrated that only 10 mW intensity of laser treatment successfully suppressed tissue inflammatory reaction after wound induction. In conclusion, these findings suggested that 10 mW of GaAIAs laser treatments effectively suppressed the inflammatory reaction of tissue that was induced during the wound healing process.

The purpose of this study was to compare the balance and gait between fallers and non-fallers in elderly. A brief questionnaire was used to obtain the fall history. Twenty-seven women subjects were evaluated in this study. Eleven subjects and a mean age of 84.5 years (SD=4.6) were designated as the faller group. Sixteen subjects and a mean age of 80.3 years (SD=5.3) were designated as the non-faller group. The fall-related factors (mental status, balance, range of motion and muscle strength of lower extremity, sensation of foot, and cadence, walking velocity, stride length) were compared between faller group and non-faller group and measured. The results showed that faller group had significantly less range of motion of the hip flexion and knee extension, and strength of the knee extensor and ankle dorsiflexor and plantar flexor than non-faller group. The scores of the Functional reach test and One leg standing were significantly less in faller group than in non-faller group. Faller group showed less walking velocity and stride length compared to non-faller group. However, there was no significant difference in cadence during comfortable waking and fast walking between two groups. There were no significant differences in pressure, position sensory between two groups. These results suggest that exercise for improving the flexibility, muscle strength of the lower extremity and balance may be useful strategies to prevent fall in elderly. Further studies are needed to identify which specific factors are related to fall in the elderly population.

For the purpose of disclosing the effects of exercise program on physical fitness for health promotion, living activities, and performance abilities of the elderly in the institution, questionnaire survey and physical examination were performed on the subject, aged 65 years or older. The subjects consisted of experimental (33 persons) and control (35 persons) groups, matched with gender and age. The experimental group was put on the exercise program; working their upper and lower limbs for 12 weeks using dumbbell and lead-packed weight. The results were as follows: 1)The mean values of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group in all variables of physical fitness, in all variables except for living activities, and in all variables of performance abilities after exercise program. 2)The mean values were significantly improved in all variables of experimental group after exercise program, but the mean values were decreased or maintained in most of variables of control group after exercise.

For the purpose of disclosing the effects of progressive low intensity exercise on the activity of the elderly, questionnaire survey and physical fitness examination were performed on the subjects who were 65 years old or older. The subjects were assigned into two groups using paired matching on gender and age: experimental group (33 persons) and control groups (35 persons). The subjects in experimental group was put on the low intensity exercise program (exercising upper and lower limbs for 12 weeks using dumbbell and lead-packed weight). The results showed that the difference of physical and social behavior scores among activities before and after exercise were significantly higher in all variables of general characteristics, health habits and status, perception, and physical fitness. The findings of this research suggested that the progressive low intensity exercise improves the activities of the elderly, physical activity, self assessed activity, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, social behavior of the elderly be affected by general characteristics, health habits and status, perception, and physical fitness.

신선초 김치 개발의 일환으로 신선초 김치 숙성 중 chlorophyll 함량변화 및 휘발성 향기성분을 분석하였다. 신선초 김치의 chlorophyll은 2일 이후부터 분해되기 시작하였다 5일 이후는 대체로 감소의 폭이 적었다. 초기 1.78ul/ml의 chlorophyll 함량이 3일 후 1.06 ul/ml에 도달하였으나 총 chlorophyll, a 및 b의 감소율은 각각 비슷하였다. 총 chlorophyll 함량은 숙성기간 중 점차 감소하였다. 이중 chlorophyll a는 숙성초기에 많이 감소하여 숙성 말기에는 더 이상 감소하지 않았으나 chlorophyll b는 숙성 3일까지는 감소하지 않다가 숙성 5일부터 급격히 감소하였다. 신선초 김치의 주 향기성분은 sabinene, α-pinene, α-terpinolene이었으며, 숙성됨에 따라 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 관능적 특성에서는 색택, 신맛, 쓴맛, 종합적인 맛이 발효기간에 따라 유의성 있는 차이를 나타내었으며, 신선초 김치는 20℃에서 1∼2일 정도 발효시켰다가 냉장 저장하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다.

감잎의 메탄올 추출물은 농도에 비례해서 지질의 과산화를 크게 억제하였으며, 이들의 용매로 더 분획하여 얻은 헥산, 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트, 부탄올 및 물 획분도 농도에 비례하여 항산화 효과가 관찰되었다, 이들중 가장 활성이 컸던 획분은 클로로포름과 에틸아세테이트 획분이었다. 한편 감잎의 열탕추출물과 감잎 탄닌의 경우도 농도에 비례해서 큰 항산화 효과가 관찰되었으며, 항돌연변이 및 암세포 증식억제 효과에서와 마찬가지로 열탕추출물에 비해 감잎 탄닌이 보다 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 이는 감잎의 열탕추출물에 함유된 탄닌의 농도에 기인하리라 생각되며, UV, IR, HPLC등을 이용하여 감잎으로부터 추출한 추출물이 탄닌임을 확인하였다.

고려인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) 잎 중의 가용성 invertase를 탈이온수로 추출한 후 황산암모늄 0, 4∼0.6 포화획분에 의하여 조제하였으며 이의 효소화힉적 성질을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 본 효소의 최적 pH와 온도는 pH 6.0과 40℃ 였으며 pH 6.0∼8.0 범위와 40℃ 이하에서 안정하였다. Protease 및 단백질 변성제 처리에 의하여 활성이 현저히 저하되었으며 glycosidase에 의해서는 저해를 받지 않았다. 본 효소는 sucrose와 inulin 등의 β-fructofuranoside 결합을 가진 기질에 특이적으로 작용하여 전형적인 β-fructofuranosidase의 성질을 나타내었다.

In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of stearic acid on the autoxidation of the commercial rice bran oil. Rice bran oil samples with stearic acid at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% level were kept at 45±0.3℃ for 40 days. The rate of autoxidation of each samples was estimated regulary on the basis of the changes of peroxide value, acid value, anisidine value and the fatty acid composition. The results were as follows : The peroxide, acid and anisidine values of the rice bran oil with the stearic acid at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% levels during the autoxidation increased as compared with that of the rice bran oil without the stearic acid. The induction period of the rice bran oil without the stearic acid, control was 19.8 days, while those of the bran oil with stearic acid at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% levels varied 19.0 days, 17.7 days and 14.2 days, respctively. In conclusion, it seemed that stearic acid acted as weak prooxidant when added at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% levels to the commercial rice bran oil. The prooxidant activity of the stearic acid appeared to depend on the oxidative mechanism and their concentration.

문명의 발전과 산업화된 경제 구조, 인구의 밀집 현상이 두드러진 도시는 무분별한 개발로 인해 녹지 환경이 턱없이 부족하고 대기의 질은 나 날이 악화되고 있다. 더구나 지구 온난화로 인한 전반적인 자연환경의 변화로 인해 대륙의 사막화는 점점 가속도를 내고 있으며 이웃한 중국의 산업화 과정에서 발생되는 미세먼지는 어떠한 안전장치도 없이 국내로 무차별적으로 유입되고 있다. 대기의 오염으로 외부 공기로 환기를 시 키는 것이 더 이상 안전할 수가 없고 사람들이 실내공간에 머무르는 시간이 많아짐에 따라 식물을 매개체로 하는 복지원예사가 다양한 프로그 램에 도입한 식물의 공기정화능력을 알리고 이를 적극적으로 현장에 반영해보고자 실내식물의 선호도와 인식조사를 20~60대 성인 100인을 대상으로 NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)가 선정한 실내 공기 정화식물 50종의 사진을 제시하여 조사하였다 가정 내 가장 많이 보유하고 있는 식물은 상위는 산세베리아>인도고무나무>헤데라>행운목>스파티필>쉐프렐라홍콩야자>아레카 야자> 관음죽>벤자민 고무나무 순이었고, 향후 구입 의사가 높은 식물은 행운목>산세베리아>인도고무나무>아레카 야자>안스리움>벤자민 고 무나무>관음죽> 대나무 야자-세이브리지>알로에베라>스파트필름 이었다. 실내식물을 구입할 때 우선적으로 고려하는 사항으로는 유해 물질 제거능력>재배 관리의 용이성> 미관상의 아름다움이나 향> 가격 이었다. 실내 식물이 미치는 영향은 정신건강 3.18점(5점만점), 실 내환경 3.25(5점만점)으로 정신건강보다는 실내환경에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 조사 결과를 바탕으로 복지 원예사가 프로그램을 개발하고 진행할 때 식물 선택에 있어 식물이 가진 환경 정화기능과 인간의 심신 에 끼치는 영향에 대한 이해를 잘 전달될 수 있도록 프로그램을 개발하여야 할 것이다. 녹색식물을 쉽게 접할 수 있게 되어 정서적인 안정감 과 편안함을 회복함은 물론이고 보다 개선된 환경을 고루 누릴 수 있기를 기대한다. 현대를 사는 우리가 당면한 대기오염 문제와 피폐한 정 신을 복원하기 위해서 이제 실내식물은 선택이 아니라 필수가 되어야 할 것을 제언하는 바이다.