‘청풍흑찰’은 충북농업기술원에서 2009년도에 육성한 다수성 흑색 찰벼 품종이다. 잎은 녹색이고, ‘흑선찰’보다 길이는 짧고, 너비는 비슷하다. 초형은 반직립형이며, 줄기의 강도가 강한 편이다. 이삭 추출은 양호하고 착립밀도는 조밀하다.까락은 벼알 선단부분에 약간 발생되며, 탈립이 잘 안되고 부선은 황색, 영색은 담자색이다. 출수기는 8월 23일인 중만생종이다. 간장은 65 cm로 작은 편이고, 주당수수와 천립중은‘흑선찰’과 비슷하였으나. 수당립수는 16개 더 많았다. 성숙기 하엽노화는 느린 편이며, 줄기의 강도가 강하여 도복에 강하다. 도열병에는 저항성을 나타냈지만, 해충에 저항성이 없다. 단백질 함량은 ‘흑선찰’보다 낮고, 도정수율 및 강하점도가 높아 가공적성이 뛰어나며, 기능성 성분 함량이 높고, 항산화 활성이 뛰어났다. 수량성은 ‘06～‘08년 3개년 간 실시한지역적응시험 보통기 보비재배 3개소에서 평균 현미수량이5.80 MT/ha로 ‘흑선찰’ 대비 53% 증수되었다.

This study was carried out to have the basic and applied information to develop the cultivation methods and models and to increase the productivity of high-quality ginseng. Plant height was dramatically increased from one year old to four years old, and then it was grown up very slowly. Stem length was shown similar tendency as the plant height did. Its range were from 9.4 cm in one year old to about 42.4 cm in four year-old ginseng. The leaf area was clearly increased until four years old, 10.1cm2 in one year old to 204.9cm2 in four years old, while it was slightly increased after four years old. Root length was continuously increased from one year old until four years old, and then it was grown up very slowly. Tap root length which was measured was appeared about 8 cm from three years old to six years old, showing not much different among the year-olds. The root diameter was continuously increased from one year old to six year-old ginseng, about 2.9 mm and about 19 mm, respectively. The moisture content was higher on the shoot than that on the root. It was slightly decreased as they were getting old. In shoot part, the rate of leaves and stems based on dry weight was about 1 : 1. In the root, the dry weight of tap root was heavier than that of lateral root. The dry weight of shoot was decreased after four years old, while it of the root was continuously increased until six years old, resulting the production of ginseng root. Based on the results of this study, growth characteristics of shoot and root of ginseng were dramatically increased from one year old to four years old and then their growths were appeared different between shoot and root, showing not much growing in shoot and keep growing in root.

This study was conducted to improve the managing and storing methods of the seeds of Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitagawa) Y.C.Chu, to examine the viability and the germination ability of seeds with different storing conditions and methods, and to develop new ways to propagate and have better healthy seedling. Therefore, the germination rate, days required for germinating seeds, and early growth responses of Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitagawa) Y.C.Chu were investigated with different storing temperatures, durations and methods. The germination rate was higher in stratified storage than that in dry storage condition. The highest germination rate was with outdoor temperature at 30 days after stratified storage. The days required for germinating seeds were less than 10 days with the treatment of 25℃ and outdoor temperature in stratified storage. In dry condition, they were shorter with 4℃ and 25℃ than those with -20℃ and outdoor temperature. Leaf number of seedling was higher in stratified storage compared to that in dry condition, while it was not clearly different according to storage temperatures and durations. Leaf length and leaf width of seedling was not difference among the treatment of storage methods, temperatures, and durations. Stem length of seedling was higher in stratified storage than those in dry condition, while root length was not clearly different among the treatments. It would be assumed that temperatures, methods and durations of storage could affect much to the germination rate and the early seedling growth response.

The management and control of mineral nutrients is one of most important techniques to increase the productivity and the quality of Korean ginseng. The mineral nutrients are measured with different plant tissues and different growth stages of 2-year-old ginseng grown under hydroponic culture with two different temperatures. The content of N, P, Ca, and Mg were higher at low temperature in both leaves and roots than those at high temperature. However, the content of K was high in leaves at low temperature compared to that of high temperature, while it was not significantly different in roots. The uptake amounts of N and K was higher throughout the experimental period at low temperature in both leaves and roots than those at high temperature. However, the uptake amount of P was not clearly different between two different temperatures and among six different growth stages. The uptake amount of N, P, K was generally decreased in leaves from June to August, while it was increased in roots. The relationship between dry weight and mineral nutrients in leaves was appeared positive with N, K, Ca, and Mg, but negative P. In roots, N, K, Ca, and Mg were negative, showing that was positive with only P. Comparing the correlation coefficients among mineral nutrients in leaves, N and K were significantly positive correlation each other. P was significantly positive correlation with Na and Zn. In case of roots, N was highly significant positive correlation with K, Mg, and Mn, but P was negatively correlated with Ca, Cu, Na, Fe, and Zn.

The management and the use of major mineral nutriments such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium, etc have been practiced and improved in various cultivating methods of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. The purposes of this study were to examine the content of major mineral nutrients on different ginseng aging from 1 to 6 years old, to analyze their uptake and utilization in tissues of ginseng, and to find out their proper managing techniques throughout the cultivation of ginseng. In case of the leaves, the N content was not clearly different from 1 to 6 years old, while the content of P and K was generally decreased throughout the cultivating years. In case of the roots, the content of N and K was gradually decreased from 1 to 6 years old, while the P content was increased until 3 years old, decreased at 4 years old, increased again at 5 years old, and decreased again at 6 years old. The uptake amount of N was increased in root of ginseng from 1 to 6 years old, 0.02 to 2.79kg/10a based on dry weight, respectively. Other minerals of P, K, Ca, and Mg were increased for the cultivating year. Comparing the uptake amounts of N, P, K with different cultivating year, they were the highest uptake amount at 4 years old and then were decreased. The management techniques of major mineral in cultivation of ginseng would be studied and evaluated more in order to have better ginseng production.

This study was carried out to have the basic and applied informations relating to increase the productivity and quality of ginseng. 2 years-old ginseng was cultivated under hydroponic culture with the controlled environment conditions in a greenhouse. Major growth characters and yields were investigated with two different temperatures and several growth stages. The plant height and stem diameter were higher at low temperature than those at high temperature. They were not clearly different with six different growth stages. The root length was not clearly different between two temperatures; however it was continuously grown from June until August. The root diameter was higher at low temperature than that at high temperature. It was rapidly increased from June until August. The length, width, and area of leaf were higher at low temperature than those at high temperature. The fresh and dry weights of different plant tissues were also heavier at low temperature than those at high temperature. The moisture content of ginseng root was continuously decreased from June until August. The yield of ginseng was higher at low temperature compared to that at high temperature. The cultivating conditions in hydroponic culture of ginseng, especially temperature, would be an important factor to have better growth and production.

본 연구에서는 옥수수수염을 일반분쇄기와 저온초미분쇄기를 이용하여 얻은 5단계의 다른 입자 크기의 옥수수수염 분말을 각각의 입자 크기별 이화학적 특성을 검토하고 항산화활성을 평가하여 최적의 입자크기를 찾고 우수한 가공법을 확립하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 건조된 옥수수수염을 일반적 분쇄 방법과 저온초미분쇄기를 이용하여 분쇄한 5단계의 입자크기는 각각 199.17um , 178.27um , 85.48um , 27.04um 및 20.97um 로 가장 큰 입자 크기와 가장 작은 입자 크기와는 약 10배 가량 입자크기의 차이가 있었다. 2. 입자크기별 옥수수수염 분말의 색차는 입자의 크기가 작아질수록 명도와 황색도의 수치가 커졌다. 3. 또한 입자크기별 옥수수 수염 분말을 주사전자현미경(SEM)을 이용하여 300배 확대하여 관찰한 결과 입자의 크기가 작아질수록 확대한 입자의 크기가 작은 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 입자의 모양은 다각형의 모양을 보였다. 4. 입자크기별 옥수수수염 분말의 조지방, 조섬유, 조회분, 조단백질 함량과 유리당 함량을 분석한 결과 조섬유 함량과 조단백질 함량은 입자크기가 작아질수록 그 수치가 줄어들었고, 조지방 함량과 조단백질 함량, 유리당 함량은 입자크기 간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5. 입자크기별 옥수수수염 분말의 총 페놀 함량과 DPPH 라디컬 소거능 모두 입자크기가 작아질수록 그 수치가 증가하였고 통계적으로도 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 6. 옥수수수염 분말의 입자크기에 따른 ascorbic acid equivalents는 입자크기간의 수치적으로는 차이가 있는 것으로 보였으나 통계적으로는 서로간의 유의적 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나 TEAC 실험과 FRAP 실험에서는 입자크기가 작아질수록 그 수치가 증가하였고 통계적으로도 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 7. 옥수수수염 분말의 입자크기, 색도, 이화학적 특성 및 항산화 활성간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 서로 유의적 관계를 보였으며 특히 입자크기가 작아질수록 명도, 적색도, 황색도, 총 페놀 함량, ascorbic acid equivalents, TEAC에서 고도로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다.

This study was conducted to examine major growth responses, the production and partitioning of dry matter on different growth stages, and yields and to select the optimal shading material in both quality and productivity of ginseng. Two cultivars of ginseng, Cheonpoong and Geumpoong, were cultivated in the paddy soil with three different shading materials; three-layered blue and one-layered black polyethylene (TBP), blue polyethylene sheet (BPS), and aluminium-coated polyethylene sheet (APS). Plant heights were linearly increased until June 24 and then maintained with showing higher height in Cheonpoong than that in Geumpoong cultivar. Root lengths were gradually increased until October 16. They were longer in Cheonpoong than that in Geumpoong cultivar, showing slightly longer with APS compared to TBP and BPS. The ability of producing dry matter of leaves was much higher from April to June compared to those of other growth periods, whereas its ability of root was concentrated from the end of June to the end of August. Among the shading materials, the ability of producing dry matter of shoot was higher with TBP than those with BPS and APS, while its ability of root was not appeared certain tendency unlike the shoot. The yield of ginseng roots was the highest with TBP among three shading materials and it was higher in Cheonpoong than that of Geumpoong cultivar. The shading materials which affect the light intensity and the temperature would be considered as an important factor to get better quality and productivity of Korean ginseng.

This studies were conducted to investigate the growth responses and yields of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge which were grown with organic cultivation using two organic fertilizers and two green manure crops of hairy vetch and rye in 2008 and 2009. The lengths of stems and roots were not clearly different between organic and conventional cultivations. The root diameters and the branch numbers were slightly thicker and more in all treatments of organic cultivation than that of conventional cultivation in 2008, although they were not significantly different between two cultivating methods in 2009. The dry weights of shoot and root were heavier on organic cultivation than those on conventional cultivation. The T/R ratios were commonly higher in organic culture, showing more clearly in 2008 than 2009. The yields were generally higher in organic cultivation than those in conventional cultivation in 2008 although the effect did not clear on yield in 2009. The organic cultivation using of organic fertilizers and green manure crops would be new method to have safety and qualitative products. The techniques of organic cultivation for Astragalus membranaceus Bunge would be studied more on utilizing the natural organic resources.

동작물과 하작물의 작부체계와 녹비작물을 활용하는 벼재배 기술을 개발하기 위하여 2007년과 2008년의 2년 동안 충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 농장 답작 시험포장에서 공시 녹비작물로는 두과작물인 헤어리베치와 화본과작물인 호밀을 사용하여 배 재배시 녹비작물들의 효과를 조사분석하기 위하여 수행한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 초장은 최고분얼기, 수잉기에서 출수기에 이르기까지 완만한 속도로 컸으며, 관행처리구에서 가장 큰 약 105 cm정도를 보였고, 녹비처리구들에서는 약 100 cm 정도로 뚜렷한 차이는 아니지만 헤어리베치, 헤어리베치+호밀, 호밀처리구순으로 초장의 크기를 보였다. 최고분얼기의 분얼수는 녹비처리구에서 관행처리구에서보다 더 많았으며 헤어리베치와 헤어리베치+호밀처리구는 비슷하고 호밀처리구는 관행구와 비슷한 분얼수를 보였다. 출수기의 유효분얼수도 최고분얼기와 비교해 그 수가 줄었지만 비슷한 경향이었으며, 헤어리베치처리구에서 가장 많은 포기당 19개 정도였다. 벼의 수량 및 수량구성요소는 헤어리베치처리구가 관행구에 비해 주당수수가 뚜렷이 많았으며, 수수당 영화수도 2008년에는 관행구에서 많았지만 전반적으로 헤어리베치구에서 많았다. 천립중과 등숙율에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았지만 주당수수와 수수당 연화수에 의해 정조수량은 헤어리베치처리구에서 관행구에서보다 2007년에는 5.3% 2008년에는 7.9%의 더 높은 수량을 보였다. 반면에 호밀구에서는 관행구에 비교해 수량이 현저히 떨어 졌다.

들깨(Perilla ocimoides L.)는 꿀풀과에 속하는 1년생 초본이며, 동부 아시아 지역이 원산지로 한국, 일본, 중국 동북부 등지에서 재배되어 온 유지작물로 용도가 다양하여 종실은 강정, 차, 들깨죽, 제과용 등으로, 기름은 조미, 튀김, 부침기름, 샐러드용으로 많이 이용될 뿐만 아니라, 공업적으로는 유지, 페인트, 인쇄용 잉크 등으 로 활용되고 있다. 우리나라에서 수집된 재래종 들깨의 작물학적 특성을 조사하여 들깨 유전자원의 실용적 이용가치를 평가하고, 유전자원의 활용도를 높여 우수 품종의 육성을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 39점을 수집 충청북도 농업기술원 특작 연구포장에서 시험을 수행 후 특성평가를 실시하였다. 성숙일수는 111～138 일로 넓게 분포하였으며, 116～130일이 90%로 대부분 이었고, 115일 이하와 131일 이상은 각각 5% 이었다. 경장은 73～153cm로 수집종 간에 차이가 많았으며, 101～140cm가 80%로 가장 많았고, 100cm 이하와 141cm 이상은 각각 8%, 12% 이었다. 3. 5cm 이상의 화방군수는 61～266개로 수집종 간에 차이가 컸으며, 121～160개 가 44%로 가장 많았고, 100개 미만과 200개 이상은 각각 18%, 13%이었다. 화방군당 삭수는 26～46개 이었으 며, 31～40개가 69%로 가장 많았다. 화방군장은 7～18cm로 분포하였고, 9～14cm가 69.0%로 가장 많았다. 천립중은 3.1～5.2g으로 차이가 컸으며, 3.4～4.2g이 62%로 가장 많았고, 4.3～4.8g은 18% 였으며, 3.3g이하와 4.9g 이상은 각각 15%, 5% 이었다.