The biosorption and desorption of Cd were carried out using brown marine algae, known as the good biosorbent of heavy metals. The content of alginate bound to light metals could be changed by the physical and the chemical pretreatment of Sargassum fluitans biomass. The Cd uptake was independent of the alginate content. In case of protonated biomass, Cd uptake was the lowest because the alginic acid of biomass was dissolved to cadmium solution during the biosorption. The maximum Cd uptake of Sargassum biomass was ranged from 79㎎/g to 139㎎/g. In case of raw biomass, the higher the alginate content of biomass, the higher was the Cd uptake. 100% of Cd and light metals sorbed in the biomass were eluted at 0.1N HCl(pH 1.1). However, the elution efficiency in CaCl2 and Ca(NO3)2 solution was varied by the concentration, the solid to liquid ratio and the pH of calcium solution. The distribution coefficient between Cd and protons in the desorption solution at pH ranged from 1.6 to 2.9 was observed on the constant stoichometric coefficient(1.3).

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively determine the indoor infiltration of pollutants of outdoor origin. The relationship between indoor and outdoor air is dependent, to a large extent, on the rate of air exchange between these two environments. Mean indoor/outdoor ratios measured from this study were: 0.70 for HNO_3; 1.60 for HNO_2; 0.56 for SO_2; 1.30 for NH_3; 0.96 for PM_2.5(d_p<2.5μm); 0.89 for SO_4^2-; 0.87 for NO_3^- and 0.79 for NH_4^+. Mean indoor concentrations for PM_2.5, SO_4^2-, HNO_3, NO_3^- and NH_4^+ were similar to outdoor levels. Indoor HNO_2 and NH_3 values were higher than outdoors. However, the indoor level of SO_2 was lower than ambient level.

To collect and evaluate an aerosol acidity (H^+) in ambient air, the cyclone/annular denuder/filter pack sampling system (ADS) was used. Aerosol acidity was collected in Chicago using the ADS for 81 12-hr samples divided in spring/summer/fall 1990 and winter 1991. This study illustrated that the ADS was suitable for measuring aerosol acidity. The 10^-5N HClO_4 extraction solution for pH determination provided more reliable scale than 10^-4N HClO_4. NH_3 should be removed prior to particle collection to accurately measure H^+ concentration on the filter. There was seasonal variation in aerosol acidity concentrations. Aerosols were more acidic in the summer. High correlations between SO_4^2- and NH_4^+, and between SO_4^2+ and H^+ were observed during the entire sampling period.