The genus Sphathius is belong to the subfamily Doryctinae in the family Braconidae and are described with >300 species in the world (Shenefelt and Marsh, 1976). This genus is distinguished from other winged Doryctinae by 1) forewings with three submarginal cells; 2) first subdiscal cell of forewing closed; and 3) first metasomal segment petiolate, widening apically, lacking basal wing-like projections, and inserted on propodeum near coxal bases (Marsh, 1997). For the purpose of finding the biological agent for Asian longhorned beetle (ALB; Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky)) and Citrus longhorned beetle (CLB; A. chinensis (Förster)), we had installed the ALB- and CLB-infested sentinel logs to attract parasitoids at experimental field of the Korea National Arboretum during summer season in 2014. Several L1 and L2 CLB larvae were found attacked by braconid larvae that were reared to adult stage. Their larvae are identified to Spathius gwangneungensis sp. nov. belong to the Spathius exarator species group. This new species has special characteristics as following; Body reddish brown or dark reddish brown, body length 2.5~3.7mm and forewing length 2.2~3.0mm in female and body length 2.1~2.6mm and forewing length 1.5~2.0mm in male, hind femur distinctly transversely aciculate dorsally, forewing more or less infuscate with a longitudinal hyaline band medially, vein m-cu of hind wing interstitial, second tergite entirely sculptured without striation, and third to fifth tergites basally sculptured. Ovipositor sheath 0.6 times as long as metasoma.

The species composition of the parasitoid complex and the degree of parasitism by each species were analyzed for Ivela auripes Butler (Lepidoptera, Lymantridae) populations in the increasing phase. Total of 2,177 eggs, larvae and pupae were collected and reared from the Gwangneung forest Pocheon-si, Korea. The most abundant parasitoids from each developmental stage were: a trichogrammatid wasp (Trichogramma kurosuae) from eggs, a braconid wasp (Cotesia melanoscela) from larvae, an ichneumonid wasp (Pimpla disparis) and a tachinid fly (Tachinidae sp.1), each from pupae. 19 other parasitoids, mostly hyperparasitoids, also occurred including Tachinidae sp.2, Pteromalidae sp.1, Ichneumonidae sp.3, and Apechthis capulifera. Illustrations and a list of the species parasitizing of I. auripes are provided.

Arboridia(두점박이애매미충) 속(노린재목: 매미아목: 매미충과: 매미충아과)의 국내 미기록 2종인 Arboridia lunula Song & Li, 2013 와 Arboridia agrillacea (Anufriev, 1969)을 기록한다. 성충의 사진과 함께 수컷의 생식기와 복부, 날개의 그림과 채집기록을 기재한다. 또한 국내 Arboridia 속의 검색표를 제공한다.

In the present study, we report two lepidopteran pests on the cones of Abies koreana E. H. Wilson; Cydia sp. of Tortricidae and Dioryctria abietella Denis et Schiffermüller of Pyralidae. Larvae of these species bored tunnels inside the immature cones of the host plant. Damaged cones are easy to spot by reddish brown excretion from the pest entry holes, and the cones severly damaged by the larvae becomes crooked. Damage rate on the cones reached up tp 71% from the collection site. Regarding the two pests, some basic information such as collection records, morphological characters, and ecology were provided.

We investigated the insect community along altitudinal gradient to gather basic data for distributional monitoring of insect species in the forest ecosystem. The investigation area was Seon-gaksan (Mt.) in Jinan-gun, Jeollabuk-do province, where the bucket-light trap and pit-fall trap for quantification were installed in Quercus vegetation at altitude of 300m, 600m and 900m. The field collecting was performed on May, July and September 2013 respectively. ANOVA analysis was conducted to analyze the significance between insect species along altitude using the collected insect community data. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed statistically significant differences among ground-beetles and ants abundance with altitude as a response variable. Although we expected a distinct cluster with the difference of altitude at each study site, nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) showed distinct clusters with the moth, ground-beetles, and ant assemblage at altitudinal increase and sampling month. In the result, a total of 309 species in 18 families of nocturnal moths were collected by bucket-light trap. The insects collected in pit-fall trap were ground-beetles with 196 individuals of 26 species and ants with 11,276 individuals of 14 species respectively.

Luehdorfia puziloi (Erschoff, 1872) is a monophagous butterfly species that occurs only once during spring in a year and distributed nationwide in Korea. From 2012 to 2013 the adult emergence has been monitored to assess how the species responds to temperature rise in the country. Monitoring sites were located in four different provinces, two in the northern part of the country and the others the southern part. In each site a small emergence cage was set up with 60 to 70 pupae and a HOBO data logger to record the soil temperature of the site from February to April. The earliest record from literatures and specimen collection data was 28th of March in Geojae-gun, one of far south parts of the country, during the late 90’s. In 2013, the butterfly started emerging in a southern site, Namhae-gun, from 20th of March, and it was the earliest record so far. The emergence from all of the sites occurred on average 7.75 days faster in 2013 than 2012. The emergence patters during the two years clearly showed that the adult emergence reached to 50% emergence rate faster as the soil temperature rose.

Anoplophora isa moderate-sized genus with 36 species of woodboring cerambycid beetles that occur throughout Asia, with the highest diversity in the tropical and subtropical region. Two species, A. chinensis (Forster) and A. glabripennis (Motchulsky) are known in the Korean peninsula. The latter is an infamous invasive species, commonly called the Asian longhorned beetle, in the U.S. causing economic damage on hard woods. For the present study, we carried out field surveys from 2010 to 2013 and literature review on the host plants of Korean Anoplophora species. A. chinensis is associated with 14 host plant species in 4 families and A. glabripennis 17 species of 11 families. Most importantly, the Manchurian striped maple, Acer tegmentosum Maxim. (Aceraceae), is newly recognized as a host of the Asian longhorned beetle. In the present study, a revised host plant checklist of Korean Anoplophora species is provided, with correction of scientific and Korean names of the host plants.

The Cerambycidae is a very diverse family in Chrysomeloidea (Insecta: Coleoptera), and the members are commonly called as longhorn beetles, long-horned beetles or longicorn beetles. The family is comprised of approximately 25,000 described species in nine subfamilies worldwide, and 311 species are known from Korean insect fauna. Most species are associated with woods and shrubs or live on herbaceous vegetation in open areas. Cerambycid larvae are primarily borers in deadwood. Some species develop in living trees and cause damage on host plants by boring heart wood and making galleries. As the results of four year field surveys (from 2010 to 2013) and literature review, host plants of 181 species of Korean Cerambycidae are revised, including thirteen new cerambycid-host associations, and more than 179 host plants species of 107 genera in 44 families are compiled. Among them, most common host plants are belonged to mainly four families: Ulmaceae, Pinaceae, Fagaceae and Betulaceae. Additionally, Acer tegmentosum Maxim. (Aceraceae) is newly recognized as a host plant of the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora grabripennis (Motchulsky) in South Korea.

fossil species. It consists of four genera, Caenosclerogibba Yasumatsu, Probethylus Ashmead, Sclerogibba Riggio & De Stefani-Perez and Pterosclerogibba Olmi. Thirteen species of two genera (60% of species worldwide) are known from the Oriental region. However, no species was reported in Cambodia so far. Even though the detailed biology of the sclerogibbids is poorly known, they are ectoparasitoids of the webspinners (Embiidina). From the present study, three species of the family are recognized for the first time from Cambodia: Sclerogibba talpiformis Benoit, S. rapax Olmi and S. impressa Olmi. Diagnoses and photographs for each species are presented.

In the process of revising the tachinid subgenus Linnaemya Robineau-Desvoidy of South Korea, three species are recognized as new to the country: Linnaemya pallidohirta Chao, L. scutellaris (Malloch) and L. lateralis (Townsend). They belong to the oralis species group of the subgenus. L. scutellaris (Malloch) and L. lateralis very closely resemble each other so that they need to be identified with caution. We here provide detailed redescriptions and illustrations with their diagnostic characters indicated.

In this study, a zygaenid speies, Artona martini Efetov, was reported for the first time from Korea. Recently we collected numerous larvae of the species, feeding on bamboo, Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino, in Hongneung arboretum of Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul. This species is very similar to Artona (Balataea) funeralis (Butler) in appearance, which was recorded first from Korea by Witt (1985). Because the two species is very similar to each other in appearance and host plants, it will be need to examine and compare the Korean materials of the two species. But there is no available specimen of Artona (Balataea) funeralis (Butler), which was reported by Witt (1985) for the time being. They have two generations per year in Korea: The moths of first generation fly during the middle of May to middle of June and the second generation during the late of July to the early of August respectively. Also Sasa borealis (Hack.) Makino was recorded as host plants of the species from Japan (Yamaguchi & Arita, 1960). The external morphology was examined and illustrated. Materials examined herein are now preserved in the Korea National Arboretum.

A new species of Closterocerus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Entedoninae) is described from South Korea. The species is reported for the first time as an egg parasitoid of Pachynematus itoi Okutani (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), of which recent sudden outbreak caused severe damage in larch forests. In total 61 species in Chalcidoidea are recorded as primary parasitoids of various tenthredinid sawflies in the Palaearctic area. However, no chalcidoid parasitoids have previously been recorded from P. itoi. The genus Closterocerus is cosmopolitan in distribution, and with an extremely wide host range from Symphyta, leaf-mining and gall-inducing insects to scale insects and plant lice. In Korea, one species of Closterocerus, three Chrysonotomyia, two Desmatocharis, one Neochrysocharis and one Teleopterus were known; most of them, except Chrysonotomyia sudoensis Paik, now are placed under Closterocerus. The new species is compared with 13 other species of Closterocerus that are known from the Far East.

An ambrosia beetle, Platypus koryoensis, is known as a major vector of Korean oak wilt disease (KOW) to Mongolian oak and it is considered as the one of the major threat to forest ecosystem health. This study was conducted to assess damage on Mongolian oak inflicted by the ambrosia beetle on the basis of entry hole density and location within the trunk. Two hundred forty Momgolian oak trees from Mt. Uam (Gyonggi-Do, Korea) and 60 from Mt. Gyebang (Gangwon-Do, Korea) were randomly selected. Initially, the damage degree on an individual tree and the diameter at breast height (DBH) were measured, and followed by the measurement of entry hole density per 148 X 210 mm2 on lower trunk (above the surface of the earth) and upper (100 cm above the surface) on each upslope and downslope. The damage degrees were divided into three classes: Ⅰ indicating healthy tree, Ⅱ tree damaged by the ambrosia beetles and Ⅲ dead tree by the KOW. As the damage class of the Mongolian oaks increased, the number of the entry holes increased regardless of locations of entry holes. The density of entry hole lower trunk was higher than that in upper trunk, showing that the ambrosia beetle preferred to attack the lower trunk on downslope. In addition, the results showed a tendency that the average DBH of the oak trees increased as the damage class increased from Ⅰ to Ⅲ. This suggests that the ambrosia beetle prefers to attack older trees. The entry hole densities on each lower and upper trunk on downslope were principal components to assess the damage degrees of the Mongolian oak.

Platygaster robiniae Buhl and Duso (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) is a gregarious koinobiont endoparasitoid of Obolodiplosis robiniae (Haldeman) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). The life cycle and development of the parasite is described. P. robiniae proves to be an egg-larval parasitoid, parasitizing eggs of O. robiniae and emerging from host larvae, and eggs of the wasp develop monembryonically. Its egg and embryonic stages are prolonged to some extent. The parasitoid undergoes only one larval instar, and total development time from egg to adult takes about 28 days to complete. The life cycle of a parasitoid generation is perfectly synchronized with that of the host: the waps emerges near the emergence time of the host, so that they can parasitize host eggs.

An exotic parasitic wasp Anisopteromalus apiovorus of Pteromalidae was newly recorded in Korea. Specimens of this species have been collected in Gimhae of Korea since 2012. External morphology of this species was described in detail and diagnostic differences of this species from the related species and the host insect were also given. The funicle segments of female antennae are 1.2 to 1.5 times longer than those of Anisopteromalus calandrae, an sister species. Body color is gold-glossy black and with dense creamy-white hairs on the surface. This exotic species has been originated from the African continent including Democratic Republic of Congo and Cote d'Ivoire, and then intruded into other countries, for instance, Korea. This is the first distribution record of this species except the country of origin after original description as a new species. Although little is known about the life history or ecology of this species, we found that a new host of this small parasitic wasp is Lasioderma serricorne of coleoptera through present study. And this species possibly be a new agent of biological control for economic pests. It was presumed that the invasion of Anisopteromalus apiovorus into Korea was prior to November of 2012.