We have studied the IR properties of molecular clouds in the region of the supershell GS234-02 using IRAS and COBE data. The mean values of dust color temperature and optical depth at 240μm are derived to be 15.4±1.5 K and 9.0±5.7×10-4, respectively, which agree well with those determined by Sodroski et al.(1994) for the outer Galaxy. Mean IRAS colors, R12/100= 0.074, R25/100= 0.052, R60/100= 0.219, indicate that the abundance of PAHs is enhanced but other particles are nearly the same as those of the solar neighborhood. We found the anticorrelation between R100/140 and R140/240. It cannot be explained by the thermal emission of traditional big grains. The anticorrelation implies that, at high ISRF, T100/140 underestimates the equilibrium temperature, while T140/240 overestimates it and, at low ISRF, vice versa. Therefore we propose to use the intensity ratio, R100/240 as a dust thermometer.

저자 중 박성호에 의해 주로 채집된 700여점의 꽃파리류를 동정한 결과, 1 한국미기록속 및 6 한국미기록종을 포함 총 19속 38종으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 한국산 꽃파리과는 총 26속 112종이 된다.

We present the data of photoelectric photometric observations of BW Vul carried out for four nights during the period of 1982 ∼ 1984 . The light curves with asymmetric shape show a stillstand on the ascending branch at phase of ϕ ≈ 0.85 just before the maximum light, and also the ampitude and shape of light curves are changed from night to night. Using all the published data, a new ephemeris of maximum time is derived, in which the period of light variation is P = 0 d .20102977 and its increasing rate is 2.2 see/century.

UBV photoelectric observations were carried out for bright stars in M67 and the masses of clump stars and giant stars were derived in M67 and the other old open clusters, NGC 188, NGC 2420, NGC 2506 and IC 4651. The mean mass of clump stars in the five clusters ranges m = 0.5 ∼ 1.0 m ⊙ , and its ratio to the mean mass of giant stars is about 0.83. The number ratio of blue stragglers to the stars brighter than the turn-off of main sequence increases with cluster age whereas that of clump stars decreases with age. These results imply that the clump stars and blue stragglers are at the phase of horizontal branch evolution.

In this study, a load duration curve was applied to the Jangseongcheon, one of the tributaries of the Yeongsan River, to assess whether the target water quality was achieved. In addition, pollution of the water body was investigated to develop and suggest the optimal management time with respect to polluted flow sections and monthly conditions. The average flow rates of sections JS1 and JS2 were 0.25 m3/s and 1.08 m3/s , respectively. The BOD and T-P for water-quality standards at JS1 were rated at II, whereas the COD and TOC were rated at III, thus indicating a fair level of water quality. By contrast, the BOD at JS2 was rated at III, the T-P at IV, and the TOC at V, indicating poor water quality in this section. The load duration curve was plotted using the actual flow data measured in eight-day intervals for eight years from 2011 to 2018 at locations JS1 and JS2 in the Jangsungcheon Basin. In an assessment using the load duration curve on whether the target water quality was met at location JS1, all of the water quality parameters (BOD, COD, TOC, T-N, T-P, and SS) satisfied the target water quality. By contrast, at location JS2, parameters COD, TOC, T-N, and T-P exceeded target values by more than 50%, indicating the target water quality was not met. The discharge loads of locations JS1 and JS2 were analyzed to identify the reasons the target water quality was exceeded. Results revealed that the land system contributed considerably. Furthermore, the discharge load of JS2 accounted for more than 80% of the load on the entire basin, excluding that of JS1. Therefore, the best method for restraining the inflow of pollutants into the stream near location JS2 must be applied to manage the water quality of the Jangsungcheon.

A 40-year-old G1 P0 L0 A1 woman was referred to our clinic with 6-year history of infertility. Before visiting the clinic, she had 3 cycles of In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) procedures (2 cycles of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation-IVF and 1 cycle of frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer (ET)) at other clinic. She had medical history of abortion at early gestation following FET (frozen-thawed-ET). The patient had complete type of septate uterus, double cervix and longitudinal vaginal septum. Vaginal septotomy was done first and 1 month later, hysteroscopic septoplasty was followed using ballooning filled with dye. After septoplasty, we inserted ballooning and left for several days to compress septal endometrium on the septectomy area. All procedures were done in the ambulatory operating room without laparoscopy or admission. 3 months later, she had in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and FET procedures in our clinic. She had successful pregnancy and now is at 22 weeks of gestation. New ambulatory septoplasty using dye-filled ballooning is easy, safe and minimally invasive surgery for treatment of complete septate uterus.

흡연 유무의 남성을 대상으로 뇌 백질의 손상 유무를 파악 할 수 있는 확산텐서영상을 검사하여 영상을 획득 한 후 Tract-Based Spatial Statics(TBSS)방법으로 뇌 백질 부위의 신경섬유로의 비등방도 FA(fractional anisotropy)값을 측정 분석한 결과 모든 영역에서 흡연자가 비흡연자보다 비등방성 측정값이 낮게 나타났지만 FA값은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으며 오른쪽 맥락총 부위에 대한 FA값에서만 통계적으로 유의하였다. 본 연구의 결과 값으로 추측하자면 즉 흡연이 뇌 백질의 미세구조성 변화에 크게 영향을 미치지는 않지만 맥락총 부위에는 영향을 미친다고 할 수 있다.

Since sylvian arteriovenous malformations’ (AVMs) arterial feeders are supplied from middle cerebral artery (MCA) branches and their nidus is located adjacent to functional structures, they are challenging lesions to remove surgically. We review the different characteristics of AVMs such as size, flow, feeders, venous drainage, eloquence and therapeutic strategies. With low postoperative morbidity, almost patients achieved favorable outcomes. The author recommend that microsurgery should be selected as the primary treatment for sylvian AVMs. Removal of nidus completely without new neurological impairment is very important in the treatment for sylvian fissure AVMs.

Mannitol is commonly used to reduce intracranial and intraocular pressures and to prevent dialysis-disequilibrium syndrome. However, intravenous mannitol infusion in various cases has the potential to result in acute kidney injury (AKI). We present a case of mannitol-induced AKI that developed after low dose mannitol infusion and resulted in recovery after hemodialysis. A 66-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of left middle cerebral artery infarction. On hospital day 5, cerebral edema was observed on a follow-up MRI. D-mannitol 35 g was given intravenously every 8 hours. Four days later, serum creatinine levels were elevated from 1.2 mg/dL to 3.5 mg/dL. The serum osmolal gap was found to be 52.4 mosm/kg H2O and urine output was reduced from 2.78 mL/kg/h to 0.69 mL/kg/h over three days. Hemodialysis over 2 hours was performed and renal function subsequently improved to baseline function. A potential risk of AKI exists even with low dose mannitol infusion in patients with advanced age, underlying renal impairment, and concomitant use of nephrotoxic agents. Mannitol-induced AKI may be rapidly reversed by short-term hemodialysis.

절화국화 ‘Yes Song'의 이산화염소 전처리가 선도유지 및 품질 을 조사하였다. 개화 단계는 대부분의 처리구에서 수확 후 8일까지 급속히 개화하였고, 특히 BA 25mg.L-1 + ClO2 5mg.L-1 + NaClO 200mg.L-1 처리구에서 비교적 선도가 유지되었다. 생체중 변화는 모든 처리구에서 5일까지 증가하였으나, 이후 감소하는 경향을 나 타내었고 BA 25mg.L-1 + ClO2 5mg.L-1 + NaClO 200mg.L-1 처리 구가 다른 처리에 비해 높은 생체중을 유지하였다. 수분 흡수량은 대부분의 처리구에서 5일까지 증가하다 이후 감소 추세를 보였으 며, 특히 ClO2 5mg.L-1 처리는 다른 처리구에 비해 현저히 증가하 였다. 수확 후 잎의 엽록소 함량은 BA 25mg.L-1 + ClO2 5mg.L-1 + NaClO 200mg.L-1 처리시 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 꽃잎의 화색변 화에서는 BA 25mg.L-1 처리시 화색변화를 가장 오래 지연시켰다. 에틸렌 발생량은 초기 3일째는 급속히 증가하다가 그후 비교적 완 만한 경향을 보였으며 처리별로는 BA 25mg.L-1 + ClO2 5mg.L-1 + NaClO 200mg.L-1 처리구에서 가장 적은 발생량을 나타내었으며, 절화 수명 및 절화 품질에 있어서도 BA 25mg.L-1 + ClO2 5mg.L-1 + NaClO 200mg.L-1 처리시 다른 처리에 비해 8일정도 증가되는 결과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합적으로 고찰해보면 BA 25mg.L-1 + ClO2 5mg.L-1 + NaClO 200mg.L-1 처리구에서 도관 의 미생물 발생 억제 효과가 지속적으로 작용하여 수분 흡수가 원 활히 이루어짐으로써 수확 후 절화 국화의 선도유지 및 품질에 매 우 효과적임을 알 수 있었고, 수출저장유통 과정 중에 상용적인 기 술로 사용 가능함을 제시 할 수 있었다.

본 연구는 LED 파장이 스프레이 국화의 화아분화 및 생육에 미 치는 영향을 구명하고자, 스프레이 국화 ‘핑크프라이드’와 ‘예스 송’ 품종에 LED 590, 610, 630, 660, 680nm와 형광등을 정식 후 부터 단일처리일 전까지 40일간 1일 4시간(22-02시) 광중단 처리 하였다. ‘핑크프라이드’의 발뢰소요일수와 개화소요일수는 형광 등(14.9일, 67.7일)과 LED 660nm(14.7일, 66.7일) 처리에서 가 장 길었다. ‘예스송’의 발뢰소요일수는 ‘핑크프라이드’와 유사하 게 형광등(15.0일)과 LED 660nm(15.1일) 처리에서 가장 길었으 며, 개화소요일수는 형광등(53.0일) 처리가 가장 길었고, LED 660nm(51.5일) 처리가 다음으로 길었다. 단일처리일부터 발뢰일 까지의 초장 생장량은 두 품종 모두 형광등 처리가 가장 길었으며, LED 660nm 처리가 다음으로 길었다. 절화장 또한, ‘핑크프라이 드’의 경우 형광등 처리에서 가장 길었고, LED 660nm 처리가 다 음으로 길었으며, ‘예스송’은 형광등과 LED 660nm 처리에서 가 장 길었다. 절화장을 제외한 다른 절화특성에는 처리간의 뚜렷한 차이를 찾을 수 없었다. 따라서, 스프레이 국화의 화아분화, 개화 조 절 및 초장 생장에는 형광등과 LED 660nm 처리가 가장 효과적인 것으로 생각된다.

Genome sequencing researches for considerable numbers of crops and wild plants are being developed. Cytogenetic researches according to chromosome number and size are essential to confirm and comprehend ploidy level and genome size before genome sequencing project is actually conducted. Cytogenetic researches on six food crop plants were carried out by DAPI staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method. Fagopyrum esculentum Moench showed 2n=2x=16, each chromosome length of 1.42㎛ to 1.77㎛, total chromosome length of 13.31㎛, and karyotypic formula of 2n=8m; Phaseolus angularis W.F. Wight, 2n=2x=22, 2.01㎛ to 3.84㎛, total 28.03㎛, 2n=9m+2sm, Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara, 2n=2x=40, 1.73㎛ to 2.76㎛, total 44.36㎛, 2n=5m+13sm+2st. Chromosome sizes of the other three species such as, Panicum miliaceum L., 2n=2x=36, total chromosome length of 30.83㎛, Sesamum indicum L., 2n=2x=26, 27.39㎛, lpomoea batatas L., 2n=2x=30, total 33.51㎛ were too small for each chromosome type to be identified and analyzed. The result of FISH analysis using 5S and 45S rDNA probe showed species-specific chromosome locations in the genome. These preliminary analyses were carried out to decide which food crop to prioritize for genome sequencing. This work was supported by the “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (No.PJ009837), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

Agastache rugosa, a member of the mint family (Labiatae), is a perennial herb widely distributed in East Asian countries. It is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cholera, vomiting, and miasma. This study assessed the genetic diversity and population structures on 65 accessions of Korean mint A. rugosa germplasm based on inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The selected nine ISSR primers produced reproducible polymorphic banding patterns. In total, 126 bands were scored; 119 (94.4%) were polymorphic. The number of bands generated per primer varied from 7 to 18. A minimum of seven bands was generated by primer 874, while a maximum of 18 bands was generated by the primer 844. Six primers (815, 826, 835, 844, 868, and 874) generated 100% polymorphic bands. This was supported by other parameters such as total gene diversity (HT) values, which ranged from 0.112 to 0.330 with a mean of 0.218. The effective number of alleles (NE) ranged from 1.174 to 1.486 with a mean value of 1.351. Nei's genetic diversity (H) mean value was 0.218, and Shannon's information index (I) mean value was 0.343. The high values for total gene diversity, effective number of alleles, Nei's genetic diversity, and Shannon's information index indicated substantial variations within the population. Cluster analysis showed characteristic grouping, which is not in accordance with their geographical affiliation. The implications of the results of this study in developing a strategy for the conservation and breeding of A. rugosa and other medicinal plant germplasm are discussed.

Plant biomass is a huge carbon-complex that has potential as a nutrient. Therefore we extracted and separated useful materials for plant growth from tea leaf and stem. The pre-treatment process including high temperature (200 °C) and pressure (20-40 kgf/cm2) was treated for several minutes and extracted at 120 °C for 30-60 minutes. After that the chemical compositions and ingredients were analyzed from that plantnutrient. As a result of mineral contents, calcium and magnesium concentrations are higher than other minerals. Also the result of carbohydrates analyses has shown that the sugar oligomer consists of xylose(95.3%) and glucose(4.7%), and the sugar monomer consists in the order of xylose (52.7%) > manose (22.8%) > arabinose (10.8%) > galactose (10.2%) > glucose (3.5%). Before applied to field, in vitro plant growth system and formulation were examined. To evaluate the effect of the nutrients, both strawberry green-house and persimmon fields were used in this test. The treated persimmons were heavier than controls scored at 13-22%. In addition, the storageperiod was extended in the treated strawberries. Interestingly in the treated strawberry, the contents of polyphenols were increased (38-57%). These results suggest that the plant-nutrient can afford to help for plant growth and storage, and it can be substituted for other commercial nutrients. In conclusion, this plant-nutrient may help to extend eco-friendly or organic farming in Hadong-gun area.