본 연구에서는 다소비 농산물인 사과, 복숭아, 딸기의 품종에 따른 수용성 비타민 B군 중 B1, B2 및 나이아신을 분석하여 함량 차이를 비교하고, 식품성분표의 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 품종에 따른 사과의 비타민 B1 함량은 0.063-0.208 mg/100g, 비타민 B2 함량은 0.006-0.031 mg/100g의 범위의 값으로 검출되었으나, 나이아신은 검출되지 않았다. 품종에 따른 복숭아의 비타민 B1 함량은 0.014-0.276 mg/100g, 비타민 B2 함량은 0.019-0.042 mg/100g, 나이아신 함량은 0.298-1.096 mg/100g 범위의 값으로 검출되었다. 품종에 따른 딸기의 비타민 B1 함량은 0.112-0.394 mg/100g, 비타민 B2 함량은 0.001-0.027 mg/100g, 나이아신 함량은 0.388-0.809 mg/100g 범위의 값으로 검출되었다. 따라서 사과, 복숭아, 딸기 등의 과일의 영양성분 분석 데이터베이스 구축시 품종 요인을 고려할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 이와 더불어 과일의 수확시기, 재배방법, 환경적인 요인에 따른 차이가 있을 것으로 판단되며 그에 따른 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most important mycotoxins owing to its widespread occurrence and toxicity including nephrotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity to humans. Since OTA is stable under most food processing conditions, OTA has been detected not only in a wide range of agricultural commodities such as cereal grains but also their processed products. Nonetheless, it is known that significant reduction of OTA may be achieved under higher temperature and alkaline conditions. In this study, the effects of retorting cooking process on the stability of OTA in spiked (20 μg/kg of dry weight basis) rice and oat porridge (10% solid content; w/v) in the presence and absence of baking soda was investigated using a laboratory horizontal steam retort system. The samples were heated in a pot at 85°C central temperature until it becomes gelatinized, packed in retort pouched, and heat-processed in pressurized retort machine (at 121°C for 25 min) followed by drying in 50°C oven overnight. Samples were analyzed for OTA by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). The reduction of OTA in retorted rice and oat porridge were 54% and 17%, respectively, while greater reduction of OTA was observed at increased amount of baking soda. The reduction of OTA in retorted rice porridge with 0.5% and 1% baking soda were 55% and 66%, respectively. In the retorted oat porridge, reduction of OTA was also evident to result in 30% and 48% with 0.5% and 1.0% of added baking soda, respectively. These results suggest that OTA in rice and oat may be reduced significantly by retorting process. In addition, added baking soda may positively impact the reduction of OTA.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) represents one of the most widespread mycotoxins in agricultural commodities in the world and is considered a possible human carcinogen with its potent nephrotoxicity. Since OTA is stable under most food processing conditions, OTA has been detected in a wide range of cereal grains and their processed products as well. Puffed cereals are commonly used as baby snacks or as ingredients in snack formulations. We investigated the explosive puffing process effect on reduction of OTA in rice and oat. The rice and oat grains were adjusted the moisture content at 16% wet weight basis (wb) and spiked OTA (100 μg/kg), and then puffed by the explosive puffing machine at 5, 7, and 9 kgf. The temperature of chamber was 200°C and the duration times for 5, 7, and 9 kgf were 5, 6, and 9 min, respectively. The reduction of OTA in puffed rice and oat snacks were in the range of 15 – 28% and 38 – 52%, respectively, and the reduction of OTA in puffed rice and oat snacks were decreased with increasing explosive puffing pressures. The moisture content of puffed rice and oat snacks were in the range of 5 – 8% wb and 6 – 10% wb, respectively, and the moisture content in puffed rice and oat snacks were decreased with increasing of explosive puffing pressures. A decrease in bulk density of puffed rice and oat snacks was observed with increased explosive puffing pressure. In addition, increased values of degree of redness (a) in puffed rice and oat samples were observed with increasing explosive puffing pressure. These results suggest that OTA in rice and oat may be reduced significantly by explosive puffing process.

One hundred seventy two accessions of safflower, collected in four countries were investigated for their morphological and biochemical characters in 2014. The accessions were categorized into two groups; South-Central (S-C) Asia and South-West (S-W) Asia, and each group was represented the accessions of two countries. Variation in morphological and biochemical characters was observed between two groups of accessions. The average value of seed weight and range of variability were higher in S-C Asia accessions while S-W accessions exhibited the variation in plant height, leaf length and days to flowering. The average value of oleic and total oil content were higher in S-C Asia accessions, and the values were 19.8%, and 231.4 mg.g-1, respectively, while the range of variability for total oil content was higher in S-W accessions. Plant height exhibited a significant positive correlation with days to flowering (r = 0.625**). Palmitic acid had positively correlated with stearic acid (r = 0.282**) and linoleic acid (r = 0.444**). Oleic and linoleic acid showed a strong negative correlation (r = -0.977**). The first three principal components explained 57% of the total variation. Morphological and biochemical variation exist in different groups of accessions could be useful to breeder for developing new safflower cultivars with high oil quantity and quality.

사우디아라비아 북부지역에서 수집된 홍화 총 100자원에 대 한 총폴리페놀 함량 및 항산화 활성을 평가하여 항산화활성이 높은 홍화자원을 선발하고자 연구를 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 총 100자원의 홍화유전자원에 대한 총폴리페놀 함량은 14.2 ± 0.41 μg GAE mg−1dw에서 81.6 ± 1.56μg GAEmg−1dw 까지 분포하였다. DPPH 라디컬 소거능은 1.6 ± 0.07 μg ASC mg−1 dw에서 14.1 ± 0.23 μg ASCmg−1 dw까지 활성을 나 타냈다. ABTS 활성은 34.5 ± 0.70 μg Trolox mg−1 dw에서 156.5 ± 3.06 μg Trolox mg−1 dw까지 평가되었다. 항산화활성 을 측정한 DPPH와 ABTS 활성간에는 상당한 유의성(r = 0.954**)을 보였다. 2. 홍화자원 100자원의 총폴리페놀 함량 및 항산화활성 결 과값에 대한 상호관계를 분석하여 활성이 높은 그룹(Group1)을 얻었다. Group1에 포함된 8개의 홍화자원은 나머지 그룹에 속한 자원들에 비해 항산화활성이 높았으며, 이중 K185841, K185879, K185863은 Group1내의 다른 자원들보다도 항산화 활성이 상당히 높아 홍화육종이나 기능성물질연구에 좋은 소 재가 될 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구목적은 아이리스 ‘Blue Magic’ 절화의 수명 연장, 절화 품질 향상 및 개화율을 촉진시키기 위하여 수 행되었다. 절화 아이리스의 수명을 연장하기 위해 1-MCP 는 250, 500, 750 nL·L−1로 처리하였다. 1-MCP 처리는 무처리구에 비해 개화소요일수가 1일 빨라졌으나 절화 수명은 무처리구와 처리구간 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 개화율은 대조구의 경우 64.2%에 비해 1-MCP 처리구 에서는 75% 또는 그 이상 이었다. 특히, 250 nL·L−1를 12시간 처리한 구에서는 모든 개체가 개화하였다. 화기 로부터 에틸렌이 생성되는 것은 절화수명에 있어 가장 중 요한 요인으로 간주되고 있다. Gas chromatography(GC) 로 에틸렌 생성량을 측정한 결과 절화수명과 방출된 에 틸렌 사이에는 직접적인 관련이 없었다. 무처리구와 비교 하여 에틸렌 발생은 1-MCP의 농도가 증가할수록 다소 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 1-MCP와 BA를 병행처리한 경우, 개화율이 촉진될 뿐만 아니라 절화수명도 연장되 었다. 그러므로 아이리스 절화 수확 시 1-MCP를 처리하 는 것은 미개화율을 억제함으로써 절화품질과 수명을 향상시킬 수 있다.

Background : Garlic is one of the important vegetables and a source of natural anti-oxidants. This study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant activities including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picr yl-hydrazil (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), reducing power (RP) and total polyphenol content (TPC) of A. ampel oprasum L. Methods and Results : DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, TPC, and RP were analyzed the extract of aerial plant part in 22 accessions of A. ampeloprasum by spectrophotometry mathod. A. tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng. was used as a control. DPPH was ranged from 0.35 to 3.06 ㎍ ASC ㎎-1 dw. ABTS and FRAP showed wide variation from 4.37 to 29.30 ㎍ Trolox ㎎-1 dw and 3.18 to 10.8 ㎍ ASC ㎎-1 dw, respectively. RP and TPC were ranged from 3.43 to 9.51 ㎍ GAE ㎎-1 dw, and 0.8 to 18.63 ㎍ ASC ㎎-1 dw, respectively. Cluster analysis of A. ampeloprasum germplasm was divided into two major groups. Group Ⅰ (7 accessions) characterized as higher antioxidant activities than the group Ⅱ (15 accessions) and had similar antioxidant activities with A. tuberosum as a control. FRAP value showed a significant strong positive correlation with DPPH (r = 0.868*) and ABTS activity (r = 0.826*). Principal component analysis showed that the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) cumulatively explained 85.64 % of total variation. Conclusion : From the above results, we may suggest that A. ampeloprasum aerial parts might have useful as a new material for functional food.