This study examines options to revitalize a B2B textile trading platform, exploring user satisfaction and perceptions of the importance of several website features. Between June 8 and June 21, 2023, fashion studies majors and domestic fashion brand product planners were asked to use the website of an open B2B textile platform for 30 minutes and then evaluate its features by responding to a survey. The final sample for analysis wad comprised of 150 questionnaires. To analyze the key textile website features, a paired t-test, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA), and multiple regression analysis were utilized. The analysis classified the key textile website features related to user importance and satisfaction into the following categories: convenience, appearance, product information, and uniqueness. An analysis investigation of the differences in importance and satisfaction for each website evaluation attribute found significant differences in 12 attributes. The IPA analysis revealed that attributes such as product reliability, quality, a convenient search function, and convenient page movement are highly important to users and garner high user satisfaction; these findings demonstrate the importance of maintaining these elements. Images on the main screen, the latest trend information, and product prominence attributes also garner high importance ratings, but result in low user satisfaction, which signifies extensive revision is required. Finally, user evaluation of the convenience, appearance, and product information of the website was found to affect user recommendation intention.

Tropilaelaps mercedesae Anderson and Morgan, 2007 (Acari: Laelapidae) is a serious ectoparasite of the brood of several honey bee species. Among the four recognized species of Tropilaelaps, Korean population was renamed as T. mercedesae from T. clareae on the basis of morphological evidences and genetic data. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of T. mercedesae. The 15,119-bp long mitogenome has an identical gene arrangement to that of Chinese sample reported previously. Comparison of two geographic samples showed COII, ND5, ND4, ND6, CytB, and ND1 to have higher number of variable sites than COI, which is often used for population-level study, suggesting these genes to have potential usefulness for population genetic study. The mitogenome sequence of T. mercedesae from Korea could be useful for species identification for geographic samples, trace of the origin of local populations, and illustration of evolutionary distinction among Tropilaelaps species either using part of or whole genome.

동물의 종 유지에 있어서 교미행동은 매우 중요한 위치를 차지함. 교미과정에서 수컷의 경우 모든 암컷에 대해 성행동을 보이는반면, 암컷은 가장 적절한 교미의 시기를 정하며, 적절한 수컷을 선택하고 교미행동을 보이기 때문에 암컷의 교미행동을 유도하는 과정은 생물학에서 매우 중요한 의미를 지님. 본 연구에서는 초파리 (Drosophila melanogaster) 전자현미경자료와 총신경망분석 (Connectomics)을 이용하여 초파리 뇌에서 암컷의 교미행동을 조절하는 것으로 알려진 pC1신경의 하부신경 pC1b,c가 성적 성숙과정에서 교미를 하고자 하는 욕구 (sexual drive)를 증가시키는 기능을 하는 것을 처음으로 밝힘. 본 연구에서는 처음으로 pC1b,c 신경 내의 cAMP 수준이 교미의 욕구변화를 보여주는 중요한 물질이라는 것을 밝혔고 cAMP의 수준이 오르기 위해서는 신경펩티 드인 Dh44와 그 수용체 GPCR인 Dh44R1과 Dh44R2가 필요하다는 것을 확인함. 또한 cAMP의 변화는 신경내의 CREBB를 통하여 하위 유전자인 pyx (pyrexia)의 발현을 유도한다는 것을 밝힘. 본 연구로 종 유지 메커니즘을 좀 더 이해할 수 있음.

Bombyx mandarina (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), the presumed ancestor of the domesticated silkworm B. mori, has long been a subject of study to illustrate the geographic relationships in connection with origin of B. mori. We sequenced 100 mitochondrial genomes of B. mandarina collected from South Korea and Japan and these were combined with public data. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses showed that all individuals collected in South Korea, except one individual from Inje, formed a strong group together with northern China and some individuals of southern China. This group was placed as the sister group to B. mori strains, suggesting that this group could have been served as an immediate progenitor for B. mori. For further robust inference more analysis is underway.

담배가루이는 전세계의 온대 및 아열대 지방에 넓게 분포하고 있으며, 한국에서는 시설재배작물의 주요 해충 이다. 1998년 충북 친천군 장미재배지에서 처음 확인되었으며, 이후 전국적으로 확산된 것으로 추정된다. 담배가 루이는 고추, 토마토, 오이 등 300종이 넘는 넓은 기주범위를 가지며, 식물체를 흡즙하여 작물의 생산성을 저하시 키고 토마토황화잎말림바이러스(tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV) 등 100여종이 넘는 바이러스를 매개한다. 담배가루이는 주로 살충제를 이용한 방제가 이루어진다. 하지만 살충제를 이용한 방제법은 살충제 저항성 개체 를 발생시킨다. 살충제 저항성 개체가 발생하게 되면 방제 효율이 급감하여 농가에 추가적인 경제적 피해를 야기 한다. 본 연구는 국내 지역별 담배가루이를 대상으로 약제별 살충제 저항성의 발생 현황을 조사하여, 지역별 효과적인 약제를 탐색하고 향후 방제 전략 수립에 기여하고자 한다. 담배가루이는 전국 15지역(파주, 양평, 화성, 양구, 횡성, 평창, 당진, 천안, 공주, 예천, 구미, 사천, 남원, 나주, 고흥)에서 채집되었다. 살충제는 작용기작 별 사용량이 많은 8종을 선정하였으며, 엽침지법을 사용하여 살충률을 확인하였다. 곤충생장조절제(insect growth regulators, IGR) 피리프록시펜계 약제는 알을 대상으로, 그 외 7개 약제는 2령약충을 대상으로 살충률을 확인하였 다. 모든 지역에서 높은 살충력을 보인 약제는 아버멕틴과 밀베마이신계, 스피노신계, METI살충제, 디아마이드 계 약제이다. 특히 아버멕틴과 밀베마이신계 약제는 살충제 권장사용농도(10ppm)보다 낮은 8.9ppm이하의 LC90 값을 보여 감수성으로 추정되며, 예외적으로 천안 지역의 25.6ppm으로 상대적으로 높은 LC90값을 보였다. 낮은 살충력을 보인 약제는 네오니코티노이드계, 설폭시민계, 피리프록시펜계, 테트론산 및 테트람산 유도체 약제이 다 특히 네오니코티노이드계 약제는 모든 지역에서 살충제 권장사용농도(50ppm)보다 높은 715ppm이상의 LC90 값을 보여, 모든 지역에서 살충제 저항성이 발생한 것으로 추정된다. 실험결과를 통해 살충제 별 살충력의 차이와 지역별 살충제 저항성을 검정하였다. 연구결과를 통해 지역별/약제별 저항성관리 및 대응전략을 수립하여 농업 생산성을 향상시키는 것에 도움이 되고자 한다.

Spodoptera eridania and S. ornithogalli (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which are polyphagous pests that damage various crops such as tomatoes and beans are regulated quarantine species that are highly likely to invade South Korea. Therefore, it is crucial to promptly and accurately identify the presence of S. eridania and S. ornithogalli in crop fields to effectively eradicate as a regulated quarantine species. In this study, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, which allows for rapid in-field identification. To develop the LAMP　assay, we selected target species-specific genomic regions from the whole-genome sequences of one target and 13 other lepidopteran species. We validated each five and six primer sets that consistently produced positive reactions in S. eridania and S. ornithogalli, respectively. To test the sensitivity of the each locus, LAMP reactions were performed using various reaction times using crude DNA, which was extracted from various types of adult tissues. All sensitivity tests were also successful.

In this study, we investigated the suppression of the corrosion of cast iron in a copper–cast iron double-layered canister under local corrosion of the copper layer. The cold spray coating technique was used to insert metals with lower galvanic activity than that of copper, such as silver, nickel, and titanium, between the copper and cast iron layers. Electrochemically accelerated corrosion tests were performed on the galvanic specimens in KURT groundwater at a voltage of 1.0 V for a week. The results revealed that copper corrosion was evident in all galvanic specimens of Cu–Ag, Cu–Ni, and Cu–Ti. By contrast, the copper was barely corroded in the Cu–Fe specimens. Therefore, it was concluded that if an inactive galvanic metal is applied to the areas where local corrosion is concerned, such as welding parts, the disposal canister can overcome local or non-uniform corrosion of the copper canister for long periods.

The bentonite buffer material is a crucial component in an engineered barrier system used for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Because a large amount of heat from the disposal canister is released into the bentonite buffer material, the thermal conductivity of the bentonite buffer is a crucial parameter that determines the design temperature. At the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), a new standard bentonite (Bentonil-WRK) has been used since 2022 because Gyeongju (KJ) bentonite is no longer produced. However, the currently available data are insufficient, making it essential to investigate both the basic and complex properties of Bentonil-WRK. Thus, this study evaluated its geotechnical and thermal properties and developed a thermal conductivity empirical model that considers its dry density, water content, and temperature variations from room temperature to 90°C. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the model was found to be 0.986. The thermal conductivity values of Bentonil-WRK were 1–10% lower than those of KJ bentonite and 10–40% higher than those of MX-80 bentonites, which were attributable to mineral-composition differences. The thermal conductivity of Bentonil-WRK ranged between 0.504 and 1.149 W·(m−1·K−1), while the specific heat capacity varied from 0.826 to 1.138 (kJ·(kg−1·K−1)).

Effects of glutamic acid (Glu) and monosodium glutamate (MSG) on oxidative stability of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions with different emulsifier charges during riboflavin (RF) photosensitization were evaluated by analyzing headspace oxygen content and conjugated dienes. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Tween 20, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were used as cationic, neutral, and anionic emulsifiers, respectively. Glu acted as an antioxidant in CTAB- and Tween-20-stabilized O/W emulsions during RF sensitization, whereas Glu acted as prooxidants in SDS-stabilized O/W emulsions in the dark. However, adding MSG did not have a constant impact on the degree of oxidation in O/W emulsions irrespective of the emulsifier charge. In RF-photosensitized O/W emulsions, the emulsifier charge had a greater influence on antioxidant properties of Glu than on those of MSG.

본 논문은 회분식 반응기에서 습식 산화법으로 합성한 칼륨 페레이트(VI)에 의한 난분해성 아조 염료Reactive Black 5의 분해 과정을 연구하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 수용액에서 RB5의 분해는 pH, Ferrate (VI) 투입량, 초기 농도, 수용액 온도 등 다양한 변수의 조건에서 연구되었다. RB5 경우에는 최대 분해 효율은 pH 7.0에서 63.2%가 달성되었으며, 이 실험 조건에서 얻은 kapp 값은 190.49 M-1s-1 으로 나타났다. 온도 또한 가장 중요한 매개 변수 중 하나로 연구되었으며, 그 결과로부터 온도(45°C까지)를 증가시키면 페레이트(VI)에 의한 아조 화합물 염료의 분해 효율이 증가하고, 온도가 45°C를 초과하면 분해 효율이 저하되는 것으로 나타났다.

The Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) will provide all-sky spectral survey data covering optical to mid-infrared wavelengths with a spatial resolution of 6.′′2, which can be widely used to study galaxy formation and evolution. We investigate the galaxy-galaxy blending in SPHEREx datasets using the mock galaxy catalogs generated from cosmological simulations and observational data. Only ∼0.7% of the galaxies will be blended with other galaxies in all-sky survey data with a limiting magnitude of 19 AB mag. However, the fraction of blended galaxies dramatically increases to ∼7–9% in the deep survey area around the ecliptic poles, where the depth reaches ∼22 AB mag. We examine the impact of the blending in the number count and luminosity function analyses using the SPHEREx data. We find that the number count can be overestimated by up to 10–20% in the deep regions due to the flux boosting, suggesting that the impact of galaxy-galaxy blending on the number count is moderate. However, galaxy-galaxy blending can marginally change the luminosity function by up to 50% over a wide range of redshifts. As we only employ the magnitude limit at Ks-band for the source detection, the blending fractions determined in this study should be regarded as lower limits.

A force-free field (FFF) is determined solely by the normal components of magnetic field and current density on the entire boundary of the domain. Methods employing three components of magnetic field suffer from overspecification of boundary conditions and/or a nonzero divergence-B problem. A vector potential formulation eliminates the latter issue, but introduces difficulties in imposing the normal component of current density at the boundary. This paper proposes four different boundary treatment methods within the vector potential formulation. We conduct a comparative analysis of the vector potential FFF solvers that we have developed incorporating these methods against other FFF codes in different magnetic field representations. Although the vector potential solvers with the new boundary treatments do not outperform our poloidal-toroidal formulation code, they demonstrate comparable or superior performance compared to the optimization code in SolarSoftWare. The methods developed here are expected to be readily applied not only to force-free field computations but also to time-dependent data-driven simulations.

Hypertension is characterized by excessive renin-angiotensin system activity, leading to blood vessel constriction. Several synthetic compounds have been developed to inhibit renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). These drugs often have adverse side effects, driving the exploration of plant protein-derived peptides as alternative or supplementary treatments. This study assessed the phenolic compound and amino acid content and the antioxidant and antihypertensive activity of 5 South Korean staple crops. Sorghum had the highest phenolic compound content and exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. Millet grains, particularly finger millet (38.86%), showed higher antihypertensive activity than red beans (14.42%) and sorghum (17.16%). Finger millet was found to contain a large proportion of branched-chain, aromatic, and sulfur-containing amino acids, which are associated with ACE inhibition. In particular, cysteine content was positively correlated with ACE inhibition in the crops tested (r=0.696, p<0.01). This study confirmed that the amino acid composition was more correlated with the antihypertensive activity of grains than the phenolic compound content. Finger millet mainly contained amino acids, which have higher ACE inhibitory activity, resulting in the strongest antihypertensive activity. These findings underscore the antihypertensive potential of select crops as plant-based food ingredients, offering insight into their biological functions.

Abstract Purpose : The aim of this study was to identify knowledge and lifestyle habits for glaucoma prevention and to present basic data for future glaucoma prevention education. Methods : From April to September 2023, 447 people in their 20s to 60s were selected and an online survey was conducted. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 30 questions, including 6 questions about the subject's general characteristics, 14 questions about knowledge and awareness of glaucoma, and 10 questions about lifestyle habits related to intraocular pressure. Results : 89.7% responded that they had heard of glaucoma, and 31.1% of respondents knew the difference between glaucoma and cataracts. 34.5% responded that early detection is difficult, 33.3% that complete treatment is difficult, 23.5% that even normal intraocular pressure can cause glaucoma, and 36.0% that the incidence of glaucoma is increasing day by day. The level of awareness and knowledge was higher with age, in women than men, in those with a family history, in professional occupations, with metabolic diseases, and with high myopia. Lifestyle habits related to intraocular pressure were higher with age, among women, when smartphone use was less than 3 hours, and among housewives and professionals. The relationship between glaucoma knowledge and awareness and intraocular pressure-related lifestyle habits was statistically significant (r=0.248, p<0.001). Conclusion : Although the level of basic knowledge about glaucoma was high, the level of specific knowledge was low compared to the increase in the incidence of glaucoma over the past 10 years. Key words : Glaucoma, Healthy Life Practices, Intraocular pressure

Background: Water deer and sika deer, which breed in the wild environment, are known to have similar reproductive physiology mechanisms. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the differences in uterine development between water deer and sika deer during estrus. Methods: MMPs and uterine development-related factors were analyzed and morphological differences were compared in the uterus of sika deer captured near Russia near Korea and water deer captured in the wild in Korea. Results: In terms of morphological differences in the uterus, the glands that form villus within the endometrium of the water deer were newly developed, and the formation of small glands was high, but the villus and glands of the sika deer were expanded, and the stroma zone in the myometrium was higher than that of the water deer. Development has increased. Additionally, the expression of PAPP-A and VEGF factors was increased in the endometrium of water deer than in sika deer, but the actions of MMPs were increased in sika deer. Conclusions: As a result of this study, there is a significant difference in the development of glands in the endometrium of water deer and sika deer during estrus, and it is believed that there is a significant difference in the development of the uterus due to the physiological effects of estrus between water deer and sika deer. Additionally, it is believed that there will be differences in the timing at which pregnancy can be decided.

본 연구는 온라인 절화 도매 플랫폼에 대한 이용자 인식, 이용 현황을 알아보고, 본 플랫폼의 발전 방향을 제시하기 위 하여 국내 화훼 장식 종사자 300명을 대상으로 조사 연구하 였다. 연구 결과 화훼 장식 종사자의 99%가 온라인 절화 도매 플랫폼에 대해 인지하고 있었으며, 실제 이용 경험 역시 68% 로 높게 나타났다. 이용자들의 서비스 이용 기간은 1~2년이 46.5%로 가장 많았으며 월평균 구매 횟수는 6~15회가 과반 을 차지하였고, 온라인 절화 도매 플랫폼의 1회 기준 소비 금 액은 15만 원 미만이 62.4%로 나타났으나, 오프라인 절화 도 매시장의 사용 빈도 및 소비 금액이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p<0.001). 화훼 장식 종사자들은 절화의 품질(4.85) 및 상품 의 다양성(4.75)이 절화 구매 시 가장 중요한 고려 요인이었 으며, 온라인 절화 도매 플랫폼에서의 상품 구매 시 과거 구매 경험(3.97)과 상품의 사진(3.87)을 보고 절화 품질을 판단하 는 경우가 가장 많았다. 온라인 절화 도매 플랫폼의 가장 큰 장점으로는 시간을 절약(4.39)할 수 있다는 점으로 인식하고 있었으나, 상품 구매 시 불안 요인으로는 절화 신선도(4.30)와 품질(4.02)에 대한 우려가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 온라인 절화 도매 플랫폼에서 제공하는 서비스 품질에 대해 이용자들은 주 문한 상품과 배송 상품이 일치(4.19)하며, 사용하기 쉬운 페이 지로 구성(4.03)되어 있어 구매 과정(4.00)이 편리하다고 응 답하였으나, 상품 품질에 대한 만족도는 모두 보통 이하로 낮 게 나타났다. 온라인 절화 도매 플랫폼과 오프라인 절화 도매 시장에서의 절화 구매 후 만족도를 비교한 결과 온라인 절화 도매 플랫폼에서는 가격과 반품 처리에 있어 오프라인에 비해 강점을 가지고 있었으나, 가장 중요한 절화 구매 결정 요인인 절화 신선도와 상품 다양성에 있어서 오프라인 절화 도매시장 에 비해 부족함을 보였다. 결론적으로 온라인 절화 도매 플랫 폼의 발전을 위해서는 절화 상품 품질 향상 및 다양성 확보가 필요하며 국내 화훼산업의 지속적인 발전과 성장을 위하여 새 로운 화훼 시장 형태에 대한 다양한 추가 연구가 필요할 것으 로 판단된다.