To enhance mechanical properties through improvement of dispersion stability of carbon black (CB) in epoxy resins, fluorine functional groups were introduced on the CB surface by fluorination. The changes in the chemical properties and dispersion stabilities after fluorination were evaluated with different partial pressures of fluorine gas. The mechanical properties of the fluorinated CB/epoxy composites were evaluated by the test of tensile, impact strengths and creep behavior. The fluorinated CB/epoxy composites showed approximately 1.6 and 1.1 times enhancement in the tensile and impact strengths compared to that of neat epoxy, respectively. Moreover, when a constant load was applied at 323 K, the fluorinated CB/epoxy composites lasted longer and had smaller strain changes than those of the raw CB/epoxy composites. Thus, well-dispersed CB by fluorination in epoxy resins effectively transfers mechanical stress.

인공지능은 다양한 분야에서 사람을 대신하여 성과를 보여준다. 게임 분야에서도 인공지능은 다양한 방면으로 사용된다. NPC(Non Player Character) 제작, 게임 난이도, 콘텐츠 생성 등의 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 그러나 게임에서 사용되는 인공지능은 우수한 성과를 보여주며 사람을 이기기 위해 연구된다. 우수한 인공지능 모델이 게임에 존재하여 게임의 난이도가 상승하게 되면 플레이어가 게임에 흥미를 잃는 경우도 있다. 따라서 본 논문의 목적은 사람과의 대결이 아닌 사람을 서포트 하는 인공지능의 개발이다. 현재 모바일 시장의 게임에는 자동 사냥 시스템이 존재한다. 게임에서 이 시스템은 난수 방식을 사용하기 때문에 효율이 떨어진다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 병렬구조의 DNN 모델을 사용하여 효율적인 자동 사냥 시스템을 구축한다. 새로 구축한 모델과 기존에 사용하던 난수 방식의 모델을 게임을 통해 비교한다.

Purpose: Aims of this study were to investigate the agreement and test-retest repeatability of two methods for measuring magnitude of soft toric lens rotation. The two methods assessed were a newly developed mobile application for iPhone which uses the built-in camera function and the slit lamp biomicroscope. Methods: Agreement of ToriExpertä against known reference source was tested under experimental situation. For clinical measurement, thirty three participants (66 eyes) wore toric lens (prism ballast design) both eyes. Two investigators measured toric lens rotation using the two methods which are slit-lamp measurement(HS-700) and mobile application. First investigator used the same method twice for assessment of test-retest repeatability of each method. Inter- and intra-investigator agreement and repeatability were assessed using Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Against the known reference sources, mean variance was 0.52±0.75 degree and limits of agreement was ±1.47 degree (95% of Cls). The limits of agreement between the silt-lamp biomicroscope and mobile application methods was ±9.1 degree (95% CIs). Measurements using the two different methods showed no statistically significant mean difference (paired t-test, p=0.32). Inter-investigator agreement of lens rotation was ±7.9 degree (95% CIs) using the slit-lamp microscope and ±7.8 degree using mobile application. Intra-investigator repeatability was ±6.6 degree using the slit lamp microscope and ±6.8 using mobile application. Conclusions: The results should be considered in view of the fact that soft toric lenses are not static but move with the blink thus the location of the reference point is unlikely to be at exactly the same location at the different measurement times. Despite this source of variability in the results, the newly developed mobile application provides clinically comparable performance to slit lamp biomicroscope measurement which does not appear to be investigator dependent. This mobile application may provide sufficient precision to those optometric practices have limited access to slit-lamp biomicroscope for measuring soft toric lens rotation.

Despite many researches related with in-vitro culture of porcine spematogonial stem cells (SSCs), adherent culture system widely used has shown a limitation in the maintenance of porcine SSC self-renewal. Therefore, in order to overcome this obstacle, suspension culture, which is known to have numerous advantage over adherent culture, was applied to the culture of porcine SSCs. Porcine SSCs retrieved from neonatal testes were suspension-cultured for 5 days or 20 days, and characteristics of suspension-cultured porcine SSCs including proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, and self-renewal-specific gene expression were investigated and compared with those of adherent-cul-tured porcine SSCs. As the results, the suspension-cultured porcine SSCs showed entirely non-proliferative and significantly higher rate of AP-positive cells and expression of self-renewal-specific genes than the adherent-cultured porcine SSCs. In addition, long-term culture of porcine SSCs in suspension condition induced significant decrease in the yield of AP staining-positive cells on post-day 10 of culture. These results showed that suspension culture was inappropriate to culture porcine SSCs, because the culture of porcine SSCs in suspension condition didn’t stimulate proliferation and maintain AP activity of porcine SSCs, regardless of culture periods.