The yellow spotless ladybug (YSL), Illeis koebelei is a kind of aboriginal ladybug in Korea. YSL feed on the fungi and extraordinary prefer to powdery mildew (PM). This study was conducted to investigate the developmental characteristic and the biological control effect on the cucumber PM by the YSL from 2010 to 2012. YSL were detected on the 12 species of host plants infected with PM. and occurrence was observed from the early of July to the early of November in Gyeonggi area. The feeding amount of YSL on the cucumber PM was in order of 4th larva, adult, 3rd larva, 2nd larva and 1st larva. The optimum developmental temperature and photoperiod for YSL was 20∼25℃ and 16L:8D respectively. Three species of fungi were selected as the short term substitution feed for YSL. Control effect on cucumber PM under 2.5% of occurrence rate was linearly increased in proportion to increased numbers of 3rd larva were applied. Combination treatment of the fungal agent with YSL enhanced suppression of cucumber PM more than either agent used alone. The safety agricultural chemicals were selected harmless to the survival of larva and adult of YSL. The survival rate of pupae and adult was over 80% after storage at 10∼12℃ for 30 days. Five species of banker plant were selected for maintenance of YSL during growing season in greenhouse.

To define whole genome-level of structural variation by ionization energies and radiation doses in plant, the seeds of Ilpum rice cultivar were acutely irradiated with gamma rays (100Gy, 200Gy, and 400Gy) and ion-beams (20Gy, 40Gy, and 80Gy), respectively. Six M1 rice plants were re-sequenced by Hi-Seq2500 with Ilpum cultivar as control. The average sequencing coverage of the individuals was 10.6X, and the average mapping rate to the rice reference genome (IRGSP-1.0) sequence was 96.95%. The individual plants were irradiated with gamma-400Gy and ion-50Gy had highest variation of SNP with 471,837 and 469,147, respectively. The number of insertion/deletion was 77,500 and 77,106, the synonymous and frame-shift were 7,859 and 7,763 in above two individuals. Although high genome variation shown between Ilpum cultivar and irradiated individuals, there were non-correlation between number of variation and radiation doses. However, five individuals, except ion-20Gy, showed 33 common variant blocks (CVBs) spanning 6 Mb in whole rice genome (1.6%). The CVBs were distributed on 12 rice chromosomes, Chromosome 6 had biggest CVB (5 blocks, 1.3Mb), whereas chromosome 9 had smallest CVB (0.01Mb). Total five hundred fifty one genes were in CVBs which can regard radiation sensitive genes or may be regarded as radiation hot spots in rice genome. This study will contribute to the improvement of the radiation mutation breeding research in genetic and genomic aspect.