The experimental manipulation of protooncogenes and their gene products is a valuable research tool for the study of human neoplasia. In this study, the recently identified human cervical cancer protooncogene (HccR-2) was expressed in transgenic mice under the control of the tetracycline regulatory system. The phenotype observed was similar in many respects to human chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL). Thus, the HccR-2 transgenic mouse model is important not only for investigating the biological properties of the HccR-2 protooncogene in vivo, but also for analyzing the mechanisms involved in the progression of CNL.

This study was to investigate pregnancy rate of IVM/IVF/IVC Korean cattle (registered in government) embryos according to transport time course. For the production of embryos, oocytes recovered from slaughtered excellent grade cow and highly motile frozen‐thawed bull semen (purchased from LIMC, KPN#497) was used. In vitro produced embryos were cultured in CR1aa medium for 8 days and some of them were frozen. The rate of average cleavage (>2‐cell) was 83.0% (308/371) and blastocyst rate at day 8 was 34.7% (107/308). Among in vitro produced blastocyst embryos at day 8, most healthy embryos were freshly transferred on production day and some frozen embryos were direct transferred on appropriate day. These embryos were produced in a laboratory, embryo transfer (ET) was planned in 10 areas of the remote island (Jeju) from the laboratory by airplane. Thus, we examined the pregnancy rate in recipient cow according to embryo of transport time course before ET. From embryo transferred 44 recipient cows, overall pregnancy was 40.9% (18/44), these 18 cows were all calved [single, 94% (17/18); twin, 6% (1/18)] and total embryo implantation rate was 26% (19/66). Comparing transport time in the base of 6 hr, pregnancy rate in ET group required less 4 hr (60%, 9/15) was significantly higher than that required more 6 hr (26.3%, 5/19). In direct ET of freezing embryos, the pregnancy rate was 40% (4/10). However, it was difficult to find the meaning of temperature, pH and corpus luteum quality of recipients on comparison of pregnancy rate. When the cell death level of embryos according to storage time in thermos (straw container) before ET was measured by TUNEL staining, apoptotic index was increased with storage time‐dependent. These results demonstrated that long distance transfer of IVM/IVF/IVC embryos is possible and the time of embryo transport is very important for the pregnancy rate on field trial.

생장조절물질과 광도가 국화 경정배양에 미치는 영향 을 조사하였다. 다신초(multiple shoots) 형성은 국화 경 정을 MS배지에 kinetin 2.0mg · L-1와 NAA 0.2mg · L-1 첨가된 배지에 배양하였을 때 촉진되었으며, 형성된 다 신초는 MS배지에 kinetin 2.0mg · L-1와 NAA 0.02 mg · L-1 첨가된 배지에 배양하였을 때 생육이 촉진되었 다. 한편, 국화 경정을 NAA 0.2mg·L-1와 BA 1.0mg · L- 1가 첨가된 배지에 배양하였을 경우에는 절편체당 신초 형성 수가 6.9개로 가장 많았으나 형성된 신초의 대부분 이 유리질화 되었다. 기내에서 국화묘의 생장은 광도 100 μmol · m-2 · s-1 PPFD에서 신초의 길이와 엽록소 함량이 가장 높았다.

We conducted a year-long survey in 2000 to examine seasonal fluctuations in the abundance of the demersal copepod Pseudodiaptomus sp., the dominant copepod in the Seomjin River estuary, where the spring tide strongly affects changes in salinity gradients.

The green synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) using biomaterials has garnered considerable attention in recent years because of its eco-friendly, non-toxic, simple, and low-cost nature. In this study, we synthesized NPs of noble metals, such as Ag and Au using an aqueous extract of a marine seaweed, Ecklonia cava. The formation of AgNPs and AuNPs was confirmed by the presence of surface plasmon resonance peaks in UV-Vis absorption spectra at approximately 430 and 530 nm, respectively. Various properties of the NPs were evaluated using characterization techniques, such as dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Phytochemicals in the seaweed extract, such as phlorotannins, acted as both reducing and stabilizing agents for the growth of the NPs. The green-synthesized AgNPs and AuNPs were found to exhibit high catalytic activity for the decomposition of organic dyes, including azo dyes, methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange.

In order to increase the medicinal herbs efficiency of drug delivery, vesicles contained with medicinal herbs were prepared by phosphatidylcholines and surface active agent. Vesicles loaded with medicinal herbs were characterized by UV-spectroscopy, Zetasizer. The antioxidant activity of vesicles was measured by DPPH assay and ABTS radical scavenging assays. Also, an analysis was conducted to determine the effects of anti-inflammatory of vesicles contained medicinal herbs. In addition, the whitening effects of vesicles contained medicinal herbs extract were studied via tyrosinase inhibition assay. The results of vesicles were as follows. Vesicles appeared an average diameter of approximatively 164-599 nm. All studied vesicles contained with medicinal herbs showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and whitening effects in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, this experiment achieves its purpose of synthesizing of vesicles. In conclusion, we recommended that the vesicles loaded with medicinal herbs have ability for anti-aging materials. Specifically, it will apply to cosmetic ingredients.

The characterization of detectors installed in space- and ground-based instruments is important to evaluate the system performance. We report the development of a detector performance test system for astronomical applications using the Andor iKon M CCD camera. The performance test system consists of a light source, monochromator, integrating sphere, and power meters. We adopted the Czerny–Tuner monochromator with three ruled gratings and one mirror, which covers a spectral range of 200–9,000 nm with a spectral resolution of ~1 nm in the visible region. Various detector characteristics, such as the quantum efficiency, sensitivity, and noise, can be measured in wide wavelength ranges from the visible to mid-infrared regions. We evaluated the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) detector performance test system by using the performance verification of the Andor iKon-M CCD camera. The test procedure includes measurements of the conversion gain (2.86 e−/ADU), full well capacity (130 K e−), nonlinearity, and pixel defects. We also estimated the read noise, dark current, and quantum efficiency as a function of the temperature. The lowest measured read noise is 12 e−. The dark current at 223 K was determined to be 7 e−/s/pix and its doubling temperature is 5.3°C ± 0.2°C at an activation energy of 0.6 eV. The maximum quantum efficiency at 223 K was estimated to be 93 % ± 2 %. We proved that the quantum efficiency is sensitive to the operating temperature. It varies up to 5 % in the visible region, while the variation increases to 30 % in the near-infrared region. Based on the comparison of our results with the test report by the vendor, we conclude that our performance test results are consistent with those from the vendor considering the test environment. We also confirmed that the KASI detector performance test system is reliable and our measurement method and analysis are accurate.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences fatty acids and hormonal parameters in the spawning and non-spawning season between the diploid and induced triploid Far Eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. The measured triploids were produced by cold shock for 50 min at 4℃ in May 2014, the spawning season of diploid was in May, and the nonspawning season was designated in January. Estradiol and testosterone and gonadosomatic index of diploid were higher than those of induced triploid in spawning season (P<0.05), and those of diploid in spawning season were higher than nonspawning season. On the other hand, thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroxine of induced triploid were higher than those of diploid in spawning season (P<0.05). Erythrocyte count of diploid was higher than that of induced triploid in spawning season and non-spawning seasons. Mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin of induced triploid were higher than those of diploid in both seasons (P<0.05). Percentages of total saturated fatty acids and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids of induced triploid were higher than those of diploid in spawning season, but those of diploid were higher in non-spawning season (P<0.05). Percentages of total mono unsaturated fatty acids and total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids of diploid were higher than those of induced triploids in spawning season, while those of induced triploid in non-spawning season were higher (P<0.05). Therefore, induced triploids in the spawning season tend to concentrate on growth and lipid-synthesization, whereas, diploids concentrate on reproduction and gonadal maturation rather than on growth. In non-spawning season, growth and lipid- synthesization were not significantly different between diploid and induced triploid.

Background : Ginseng, an important traditional medicinal plant still used in rats with bone fractures or dislocation to promote connective tissue repair and to reduce inflammantion. We investigated the effect of ginseng on the proliferation rate of rat bone. Methods and Results : We investigated the effect of ginseng extracts on blood biochemical parameters, bone density and bone inorganic components etc. and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. In the results of our study, the level of albumin and HDL, Ca, P, Mg, and estradiol in blood, and the content of Ca, P, ash in femur were significantly increased in ginseng treated group than in OVX group, and the level of ALP, AST, ALT, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, creatinine, osteocalcin, and N-terminal telopeptide were significantly decreased in red ginseng treated group than in OVX group (p < 0.01). Conclusion : From these results, we knew that within the normal level, ginseng extracts improved liver and kidney function, component of glucose and lipid in blood, bone densith, bone ash and inorganic components in femur, and index related with bone metabolism.