The purpose of this case study is to compare two luxury brands’ collaborations with modern Korean artists and the qualitative results achieved by the projects. As argued by J.N. Kapferer (2014), through associations with artists, luxury brands are striving to present themselves as part of a creative industry and as a result elevate and legitimize their brand image. This article focuses specifically on Christian Dior’s Dior Lady Art series and Louis Vuitton’s Artycapucines due to the similarity in project structure – the final presentation in form of an exhibition – as well as the objects produced – bags elevated to the status of artworks but still maintaining functionality. Through the selected case studies, this article first explores how partnering with Korean artists enables brands to localize and engage more personally with Korean consumers while building deeper relationships with international consumers by leveraging the continuously growing global popularity of Korean culture. The study then examines how the collaborations contribute to the brands’ goal to present themselves as more authentic – in luxury terms, delivering exceptional experience characterized by high quality, craftsmanship, preciousness, and timelessness (The Quarry Gallery, 2023). This is achieved by providing artists with a platform to reinterpret iconic bags into artwork. Lastly, the article analyzes how, through these limitededition items, the brands are also able to reinforce the idea of luxury as financial investment and a way to build family heritage.
Contact linguistics takes the series of linguistic phenomena in the process of language contact as the research content, and explores the changes of the languages and their results. When language contact occurs between Chinese and Korean, the linguistic phenomena occurring in the aspects of phonology, syntax, vocabulary, and characters are one of the important results. Sino-Korean Rhyme Dictionaries are language tools that are mainly arranged by rhyme. Such dictionaries annotate the pronunciation of Chinese characters, correcting the incorrect pronunciation of Chinese characters in Korea, and occasionally interpreting the meaning, and recording some glyphs of variants, which provide the convenience for extracting poems and lyrics, as well as reciting rhyming characters. From the perspective of the developmental history of Chinese dictionaries in Korea, rhyming books are the beginning of Chinese dictionaries in Korea, which have abundant content and significant value, and are indispensable and valuable materials for the study of Chinese-Korean contact linguistics.
본 논문은 이건용이 5⋅18 민주화운동이라는 역사적 현실에 직면하여 예술가곡 작곡을 중단하 고 대중적 장르인 쉬운 ‘노래’로 양식변화를 한 것에 주목하였다. 1980년대의 비판적 현실을 민중 과 소통하기 위한 그의 노래 작곡은 음악과 삶의 관계성을 중시하는 그의 현실결부적인 음악관에 따른 것이다. 군사정부가 물러난 1990년대에 그의 예술가곡 작곡은 다시 시작된다. 이 시기의 가 곡 작곡에서도 이전 시기의 가곡 작품들과 구별되는 양식변화가 나타난다. 1970년대의 작품들에 서 존재론적이고 자아탐구적인 시적 내용이 두드러지는 것에 반해, 1990년대 이후의 작품들에서 는 공동체와의 공유적 감성이 강화되어 있으며, 양식적으로도 단순화된 경향을 보인다. 이건용은 음악의 가치를 작품의 완결성보다는 공동체적인 삶과의 상호관계 속에서 역동적으로 변화하는 ‘되어감’의 과정에서 파악한다. 그의 노래와 가곡 작곡에 나타난 양식변화는 이러한 ‘되어감’의 과 정을 보여주고 있다.
감정적 맥락이 기억에 미치는 영향을 이해하는 것은 인간의 인지 능력을 종합적으로 이해하는데 매우 중요하다. 이전 연구에서는 주로 시각적 자극에 초점을 맞춰 이러한 관계를 탐구했다면, 본 연구는 음성으로 제시되는 감정 맥락으로 탐구의 영역을 확장하여 언어적 맥락의 각성도와 정서가가 기억에 미치는 영향을 조사하고 특히 서열 위치 효과를 완화하는지에 주목하였다. 연구 1에서는 단어 목록의 중반부에 제시되는 음성 감정 맥락의 각성도가 단어 음성 기억에 어떤 영향을 주는지 알아보았다. 실험 결과, 각성도가 낮은 맥락에 노출되었을 때 목록 후반부의 기억력 이 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 2에서는 각성도 수준을 통제했을 때 목록의 중반부에 제시되는 음성 감정 맥락 의 정서가가 단어 음성 기억에 미치는 영향을 조사했다. 실험 결과, 부정적 맥락은 함께 제시되는 단어의 기억력을 저하시킨다는 사실을 발견했다. 연구 결과는 음성을 통해 제시되는 감정 맥락이 음성 자극의 기억 처리를 촉진하지 못한다는 것을 시사한다. 특히 부정적 정서 맥락은 서열 위치 효과를 강화하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 맥락과 기억 자극이 음성으로 동일할 경우 부정적 감정 맥락은 과제 수행에 간섭으로 작용하여 감정 맥락의 기억 향상 효과를 유발하지 못하는 경향을 보인다. 이는 청각적으로 전달되는 감정 맥락이 언어 기억 과정에 미치는 영향을 이해하는 데 중요한 통찰을 제공한다.
현재 중국 향촌진흥(鄕村振興) 전략은 제도적 틀과 시스템이 구축되고 있다. 지역 적 이해관계, 비효율적인 감독 또는 공무원의 정책 이행 실패 등으로 인해 정책의 실효성이 떨어지는 문제가 발생한다. 본 연구는 중국 농촌 지역 주민이 한국의 새마 을운동과 글로벌새마을운동에 대한 수용성을 검사하는 것을 목적으로 한다. UTAUT 모델을 이용하였으며, 10개의 연구 가설을 제시했다. 중국 하남성(河南省)의 마을에 서 374명의 주민을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행했고, Smart-PLS 프로그램을 사용하여 조사 결과를 검증하였다. 연구 결과는 새마을운동(새마을운동 1.0)의 세 가지 정신이 중국 농촌 지역 주민의 행동 의도에 미치는 영향이 크지 않았고, 글로벌새마을운동 (새마을운동 2.0)이 새마을운동 1.0보다 더욱 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 보여주었다.
이 연구의 목적은 기술이 매개하는 비대면 교육 환경에서 학습자의 즉시성이 수업 중 긍정적 정서경험에 미치는 영향성을 확인하는 데 있다. 구체적으로, 수업 중에 경험하는 사회적 실재감이 즉시성과 긍정적 정서 경험 간의 관계 를 매개할 것으로 보았고, 즉시성과 사회적 실재감 간의 관계는 개개인의 기술준비도에 의해 조절될 것으로 예측하 였다. 이를 위하여 비대면 수업에 참여한 경험이 있는 대학생 500여 명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였다. 분석 결과, 즉시성과 긍정적 정서 경험 간의 관계는 사회적 실재감에 의해 완전매개 되었다. 즉, 즉시성이 높은 학생들은 비대면 수업 중에 더 높은 사회적 실재감을 경험했고, 그 결과 부정적인 정서에 비해 긍정적인 정서를 더 많이 경험 하는 경향성을 보인 것이다. 또한 즉시성과 사회적 실재감 간의 관계는 기술준비도에 의해 조절되었다. 본 연구는 교수자의 즉시성이 학습자에게 미치는 긍정적 영향에 관한 기존 연구와 달리, 학습자 자신의 즉시성도 학습 과정에 긍정적 영향이 있음을 증명했다는 점에서 의의를 지닌다. 그 뿐 아니라 팬데믹 이후 변화된 학습자의 참여도와 만족 도 등을 예측하기 위하여 학습자의 커뮤니케이션 능력의 변화를 확인하는 것도 중요한 요인이 될 수 있음을 보인 결과라 하겠다.
Aspects of the liu shu 六書 theory continue to be used today to analyse Chinese characters, yet most scholars are unaware of the historical context out of which the theory emerged and the controversies surrounding its both initial and subsequent interpretations. I trace the origins of the theory to the Eastern Han and compare its three earliest rival formulations. Subsequent centuries saw a proliferation of interpretations which rendered any attempt at a unified vision of Chinese writing impossible. The trend of adding new explanations was only reversed by the Qing scholars Dai Zhen and Duan Yucai who, drawing on some of the earliest explanations, argued that the theory encapsulated not only the way characters were composed but also their exegesis. Even if they laid the ground for a shared interpretation, Dai and Duan’s take on the Eastern Han scholar Xu Shen did not go unchallenged. I discuss Zhang Taiyan’s and Lu Zongda’s criticism and their attempts to reconcile aspects of the traditional framework with modern linguistics. I finally contrast this updating of an ancient theory with the approach of Qiu Xigui who selectively discards one of the principles and thereby the very feasibility of the framework as a whole.
본 연구는 중국 허베이성 소재 정정고성(正定古城)을 사례로 경관문맥 보전 및 형성을 위한 지표 도출 을 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 문헌 및 관찰조사, 전문가를 대상으로 한 Delphi법과 AHP법 그리고 탐방객을 대상으로 한 IPA법에 의해 고성의 경관문맥 보전 및 형성전략을 주도할 지표를 추출하였다. 문화경관 보전이라는 핵심쟁점에 대해 경관문맥의 관점에서 종합하고 평가하여 문화경관의 보전전략 과 발전방향을 모색한 결과 시간 차원의 ‘중층성(重層性)’과 공간 차원의 ‘융합성(融合性)’이라는 2개 상위지표가 경관문맥의 의미와 기본 속성에 최적화된 개념으로 부상되었으며, 각각의 가중치는 0.620 과 0.379로 드러났다. 중요도와 만족도 구분없이 경관의 심미성과 시대적 연속성은 정정고성의 경관문 맥을 주도하는 중요지표로 부상되었으며, AHP가중치와 IPA중요도치의 통합분석 결과 경관 풍격의 연 속성과 경관 독특성의 하위지표는 정정고성의 장소정체성 요인으로 전문가와 탐방객에게 인식되고 있었다. 특히 ‘고성 정신과의 일관성’ 지표야말로 고성경관의 현상유지는 물론 전승해야 할 최고의 정 신문화임이 밝혀졌다.
As a treaty obligation and customary international law, universal jurisdiction is crucial in the global fight against impunity. While Western countries have been at the forefront, actively expanding and developing universal jurisdiction, East Asian countries have adopted a more conservative approach, emphasizing state sovereignty. This article begins by exploring the theoretical construction, legal frameworks, and state practices of East Asian countries (China, Korea, and Japan) when exercising universal jurisdiction, highlighting the typical differences between these countries and Western countries. It is then observed that the passive universal jurisdiction system in East Asia is deficient in defending state interests or counteracting other countries’ inappropriate extraterritorial jurisdiction. Accordingly, this article advocates a more proactive approach to the application of universal jurisdiction in East Asian countries. By doing so, while assuming responsibility to prevent impunity, the state can use universal jurisdiction as a legitimate countermeasure and reprisal in reciprocal international relations.
Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is generally defined as the digital form of a country’s fiat currency. Based on the distributed ledger technology and other financial technology, CBDC could improve the efficiency of domestic and cross-border payments, increase payment safety and soundness, and promote financial inclusion. However, it is argued that the introduction of CBDC would threaten data security and invade personal privacy. Currently, this issue has received growing concern, and some recommendations are proposed by countries or international organizations, like privacy design, restrictions on public authorities and payment intermediaries, and establishing independent supervisory authority. Other suggestions include getting countries involved in international coordination and promoting the formation of unified standards. Among major economies, China is the first to launch CBDC, which is known as e-CNY. Based on an overview of the privacy protection legislation in China, this article attempts to describe the rules that should be followed when dealing with personal data generated in e-CNY circulation.
Purpose: The purposes of this study was to identify the nurses' experiences of prolonged mask wearing in the context of COVID-19. Methods: This study was a qualitative study that used the content analysis method. Data were collected using focus group interviews with 18 nurses at a tertiary general hospital from April 13 to 27, 2023. Results: Five themes and 15 sub-themes emerged through qualitative content analysis. The themes included: “Mandatory or optional experience of wearing a mask unrelated to COVID-19”, “Mandatory KF94 masks during the COVID-19 pandemic”, “Multifaceted changes in life due to mandatory mask wearing”, “Unexpected benefits of wearing a mask”, “Difficulties with wearing masks continue even after the COVID-19 pandemic”. Conclusion: This study confirmed the discomfort and difficulties of prolonged mask wearing among nurses in the context of COVID-19. Our findings suggest that there is a need for organizational and national support for nurses who are required to continue wearing masks after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Previous research on green product innovation (GPI) has primarily focused on the performance of new product development, neglecting the critical, early fuzzy front-end (FFE) phase. Drawing upon the firm's resource-based view (RBV) and dynamic capabilities perspective, this study explores how co-production affects FFE outcomes (creative idea and product definition proficiency) of GPI and whether joint learning ambidexterity is a mediating mechanism in international buyer-supplier relationships. Additionally, we provide a contingency perspective by considering the moderating role of the innovation ecosystem on the relationship between co-production and joint learning ambidexterity. Finally, this study contributes to a theoretical understanding, analyzing co-production as a predictor, joint learning ambidexterity as a mediator, and innovation ecosystem as a moderator.
Digital technology has been increasingly applied in the traditional tourism forms, including the heritage tourism. However, the role of technology and tradition for attracting tourists in industrial heritage tourism destinations has not been clearly identified. To narrow the research gaps, this study adopted a two stage study, based on grounded theory and factor analyses. In Study 1, through the data analysis of 60 in-depth interviews, 10 stimuli factors in 3 categories were identified. In Study 2, a questionnaire was developed based on the results of Study 1, through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), we established and tested a model of on-site stimulus factors. Findings can deepen the understanding of industrial heritage tourism from a tourist perspective and offer practical implications.
Innovative companies after the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic are undergoing significant changes: from new trends in the markets to the growth of remote work in the digital environment. At any stage of development, innovative companies need an adaptive marketing approach to the implementation of the planned strategy. Marketing solutions to the problems of a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment (VUCA) in 2023 can rightfully be considered an emergency aid to innovative transformations in emerging markets. The triad “market orientation – innovation – performance” chain has been extended to various innovation types– from technological and product innovation to innovation orientation and capability. Moreover, the market orientation research agenda has, during last 10 years, highlighted customer orientation as a key component of market orientation that drives innovative activities.
We can be expected that the experience of damage caused by COVID-19 has had a negative impact on consumers' perceived quality of life. This study identifies factors that governments can positively impact the lives of consumers facing financial difficulties. We consider policy proposals to improve the quality of life of consumers at financial risk when situations like COVID-19 reoccur in the future
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented crises to societies and economies around the world and has brought drastic changes in the way consumers behave. Fashion business is one of the industries that has been significantly affected by Covid-19 as many consumers reduced their discretionary spending during the pandemic. While the world is entering the post-pandemic era and recovering from the pandemic, it is important to uncover and reflect on the reasons behind varying patterns of consumers’ coping behaviors associated with fashion shopping. However, current research on consumer fashion behavior during the pandemic primarily focuses on a particular type of shopping behavior, without addressing varying patterns of fashion consumption behaviors. In addition, most of these studies attributed such changes in behaviors to motivations toward protection against health-adverse threats based on the Protection Motivation Theory, which mostly focuses on protective behaviors and has limited power in understanding varying internal reasons toward various coping behaviors. Considering the varying adaptive and maladaptive patterns of fashion consumption behaviors observed in the market, it is important to address the psychological mechanism behind varying adaptive and maladaptive patterns of fashion consumption behaviors. Thus, drawing from the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework, this study aims to investigate how cognitive appraisal of threats affects the affective/emotional state of consumers and consequently their intention to engage in various coping behaviors in the context of fashion shopping. Specifically, this study aims to investigate how individuals’ cognitive appraisals on risks and uncertainty induce varying emotional feelings (i.e., fear, anxiety, and hope), which further leads to their decisions to engage in problem vs. emotion-focused coping through fashion shopping during the pandemic.