Occurrence of process environment changes, such as influent load variances and process condition changes, can reduce treatment efficiency, increasing effluent water quality. In order to prevent exceeding effluent standards, it is necessary to manage effluent water quality based on process operation data including influent and process condition before exceeding occur. Accordingly, the development of the effluent water quality prediction system and the application of technology to wastewater treatment processes are getting attention. Therefore, in this study, through the multi-channel measuring instruments in the bio-reactor and smart multi-item water quality sensors (location in bio-reactor influent/effluent) were installed in The Seonam water recycling center #2 treatment plant series 3, it was collected water quality data centering around COD, T-N. Using the collected data, the artificial intelligence-based effluent quality prediction model was developed, and relative errors were compared with effluent TMS measurement data. Through relative error comparison, the applicability of the artificial intelligence-based effluent water quality prediction model in wastewater treatment process was reviewed.

This research investigated the preparation of activated carbon derived from Krabok (Irvingia malayana) seed shells to improve the quality of crude glycerol obtained during biodiesel production. The activated carbon was prepared using a dry chemical activation method with NaOH, utilizing an innovative biomass incinerator. The results revealed that the resulting KC/AC-two-step exhibited favorable physicochemical adsorption properties, with a high surface area of 758.72 m2/g and an iodine number of 611.10 mg/g. These values meet the criteria of the industrial product standard for activated carbon No. TIS 900-2004, as specified by the Ministry of Industry in Thailand. Additionally, the adsorption efficiency for methylene blue reached an impressive 99.35 %. This developed activated carbon was then used to improve the quality of crude glycerol obtained from biodiesel production. The experimental results showed that the KC/AC-two-step increased the purity of crude glycerol to 73.61 %. In comparison, commercially available activated carbon (C/AC) resulted in a higher crude glycerol purity of 81.19 %, as analyzed by the GC technique. Additionally, the metal content (Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Cd, and Na) in purified glycerol using KC/AC-two-step was below the standards for heavy metals permitted in food and cosmeceuticals by the Food and Drug Administration of Thailand and the European Committee for Food Contact Materials and Articles. As a result, it can be inferred that Krabok seed shells have favorable properties for producing activated carbon suitable as an adsorbent to enhance crude glycerol purity. Furthermore, the improved crude glycerol from this research has potential for various industrial applications.

High-quality diamond films have attracted extensive attentions due to their excellent optical and electrical properties. However, several issues, such as random orientation, stress accumulation, and slow growth rate, severely limit its applications. In this paper, high-quality polycrystalline diamond films with highly ordered (100) orientation were prepared by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. The effects of growth parameters on the microstructure, quality and residual stress of diamond films were investigated. Experimental results indicate that relatively high temperature at low methane concentration will promote the formation of (100) oriented grains with a low compressive stress. Optimized growth parameters, a methane concentration of 2% along with a pressure of 250 Torr and temperature at 1050 ℃, were used to acquire high growth rate of 7.9 μm/h and narrow full width at half maximum of Raman peak of 5.5 cm− 1 revealing a high crystal quality. It demonstrates a promising method for rapid growth of high-quality polycrystalline diamond films with (100) orientation, which is vital for improving the diamond related applications at low cost.

This study examined the impact of two bacterial strains, H05E-12 and H05R- 04, on alleviating non-irrigation-induced stress and its subsequent effects on the fruit productivity of sweet pumpkin plants. When subjected to non-irrigation-induced stress, the lipid peroxidation, proline, total phenol, and total soluble sugar content significantly decreased in plants treated with either H05E-12 or H05R-04 compared to the control. In a greenhouse experiment under non-irrigated conditions, H05E-12-treated plants exhibited higher stomatal conductance than the control, although there was no significant change in the soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value due to treatment. Upon re-watering, an increase in fruit diameter was observed in H05E-12-treated plants, and the L-ascorbic acid content in the fruit also showed a significant increase compared to the control. The H05E-12 strain was identified as Kushneria konosiri. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report detailing the beneficial effects of K. konosiri on the alleviation of non-irrigation-induced stress and the promotion of plant growth in sweet pumpkin plants.

Abstract Purpose : This study was conducted to determine the effect of cataracts on quality of life in adults over 40 years of age using raw data from the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey (2016-2018). Methods : We analyzed the relationship between gender, age, depression, and illness-related quality of life among 4,394 adults aged 40 years and older who responded to a diagnosis of cataract in the 7th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018). Dichotomized variables were analyzed using the chi-square test (X2). Relationships between cataract, depression, and quality of life sub-variables were analyzed using logistic regression, adjusting for the effects of age and gender. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Results : In the logistic regression analysis results corrected for age and gender, cataracts were significantly related to cataracts in terms of motor ability (walking activity), pain and discomfort, anxiety and depression. In terms of restrictions on motor ability (walking activity), cataract disease patients were 1.37 times (95% CI: 1.14-1.65), pain and discomfort were 1.3 times (95% CI: 1.11-1.51), and anxiety and depressive symptoms were 1.38 times (95% CI: 1.10-3.75) at increased risk, confirming that cataracts significantly lowered the quality of life of the subjects. However, in terms of self-care (bath or dressing) and daily life, after correcting age and gender, a significant relationship with cataracts could not be confirmed. Conclusion : It was confirmed that cataracts affect exercise ability, pain/comfort, anxiety/ depression, etc., which can also reduce the quality of life.

이 연구는 1세대 스마트 온실의 재배환경 데이터와 장미 절 화의 품질 특성 데이터를 수집하고 그 요인들 간의 상관 관계 를 분석하여 절화수명 예측 및 최적 환경 조성의 기초 자료를 얻고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해, 토경재배(SC) 및 암면배지경 양액재배(RWH) 하우스 각 1개소를 선정하여 1년간 기온, 상 대습도(RH) 및 수증기압차(VPD), 일적산광량(DLI), 근권온도 등의 환경 데이터와 매월 말 수확된 장미 ‘Miss Holland’ 절 화의 품질 특성 데이터를 수집하였으며, 이 데이터와 절화수 명과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 절화수명은 10월과 11월을 제외하고는 SC 하우스에서 RWH 하우스보다 더 길었다. 절 화수명과 환경 및 생육 특성 간의 상관관계 분석에서 SC 하우 스의 상관계수는 RWH 하우스보다 조금 더 높았으며, 절화수 명 예측을 위한 요소들도 두 하우스 간에 차이가 있었다. SC 하우스의 절화수명 Y=0.848X1+0.366X2-0.591X3+2.224X4- 0.171X5+0.47X6+0.321X7+9.836X8-110.219(X1-X8: 최고 RH, RH 일교차, DLI, pH, Hunter’s b value, EC, 절화 장, 잎 두께; R2=0.544)로 예측되었고, RWH 하우스의 절화수명 Y=-1.291X1+52.026X2-0.094X3+0.448X4-3.84X5+0.624X6 - 8.528X7+28.45(X1-X7: 경경, 야간 VPD, 최고 근권온도, 최 저 근권온도, 기온 일교차, RH 일교차, 최고 VPD; R2=0.5243) 로 예측되었다. 이 두 모델식으로부터 SC 하우스에서는 RH, EC 및 pH가, 그리고 RWH 하우스에서는 근권 온도가 절화수명에 더 큰 영향을 미친다는 것을 추론할 수 있다. 따라서 각 재배 방법에 따라 장미의 절화수명에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 환경적 요인을 효율적으로 관리할 필요가 있다.

본 연구는 생육시기별 한지형 잔디인 왕포아풀에 생장조정 제 trinexapac-ethyl(TE)과 prohexadione-calcium(PC) 을 처리 시 잔디의 품질 변화와 생장 억제 효과를 조사하였다. 처리구는 대조구와 생장조정제 처리구인 TE 처리구와 PC처리 구로 설정하였다. 1차 시험(여름철, 8월)과 2차 시험(가을철, 10월) 조사에서 대조구와 비교하였을 때, 왕포아풀의 가시적 품질 및 엽록소 함량은 통계적으로 유의적인 차이는 없었고, 약해는 발생하지 않았다. TE와 PC처리 후 28일 경과 시 잔디 초장은 1차 시험에서 대조구보다 각각 34.9%와 32.2% 정도, 2차 시험에서는 35.5%와 33.8% 정도 감소하였다. 대조구와 비교 시 TE와 PC처리구의 잔디 예지물은 1차 시험에서 각각 47.2%와 45.0%씩, 2차 시험에서 35.6%와 31.0%씩 감소되 었다. 생육시기별 비교에서 TE는 약제처리 후 28일 경과 시, PC는 7일 경과 시 각각 1차 시험에서 생장 억제 효과를 나타 냈다. 상기 결과들의 종합한 결과는 TE와 PC 처리 시 왕포아 풀에서 약해가 발생하지 않았고, 잔디의 경엽신장과 예지물을 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 생장조정제는 잔디 관리 에서 여름철과 가을철 모두 이용할 수 있으나 여름철에 생육 억제 효과가 높게 나타났다.

In this paper, we present a case study of developing MVIS (Machine Vision Inspection System) designed for exterior quality inspection of stamping dies used in the production of automotive exterior components in a small to medium-sized factory. While the primary processes within the factory, including machining, transportation, and loading, have been automated using PLCs, CNC machines, and robots, the final quality inspection process still relies on manual labor. We implement the MVIS with general- purpose industrial cameras and Python-based open-source libraries and frameworks for rapid and low-cost development. The MVIS can play a major role on improving throughput and lead time of stamping dies. Furthermore, the processed inspection images can be leveraged for future process monitoring and improvement by applying deep learning techniques.

Approximately 40,000 elevators are installed every year in Korea, and they are used as a convenient means of transportation in daily life. However, the continuous increase in elevators has a social problem of increased safety accidents behind the functional aspect of convenience. There is an emerging need to induce preemptive and active elevator safety management by elevator management entities by strengthening the management of poorly managed elevators. Therefore, this study examines domestic research cases related to the evaluation items of the elevator safety quality rating system conducted in previous studies, and develops a statistical model that can examine the effect of elevator maintenance quality as a result of the safety management of the elevator management entity. We review two types: odds ratio analysis and logistic regression analysis models.

Mid-sized manufacturing companies, which account for 0.7%(5,480 companies), 13.8%(1.169 million persons) of total employment, and 15.7% of total sales, have recently experienced a lot of difficulties in management activities due to the impact of COVID-19, the U.S.-China trade war, and the collapse of global supply chains. To overcome this, revitalization of quality management activities to strengthen corporate competitiveness is emerging as an urgent task. In order for these quality management activities to achieve their intended purpose, the positive leadership of corporate managers is very important above all else. There have been many studies related to positive leadership, but most have focused on charismatic leadership and transformational leadership centered on large companies or small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, this study aims to present ways to strengthen the leadership of managers by empirically analyzing how the positive leadership of managers of mid-sized manufacturing companies, which was relatively under-researched, affects quality management activities and Business performance(Balanced Score Card; BSC).

In this study, we have developed a movable defect detection system based on a vision module with machine-learning algorithm for distinguishing product quality. Machine-learning model determined the results in good or no good through images acquired from the vision module consisting of a camera, processor unit, and lighting. To ensure versatility for use in a variety of settings, we have integrated a robot arm and cart for the movable defect detection system, and the robot arm that adjusts the focus length is made to be able to rotate in all directions. The type of defect was divided into eccentricity defect and printing defect. As a result, it was confirmed that classification accuracy showed 0.9901 in our developed device.

The aim of this study was to determine the quality characteristics of bread with 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% cuttlefish ink added. The pH of the dough decreased as the addition percentage increased, and the addition of 8% was the lowest. The pH of the bread and the fermentation expansion power of the dough decreased as the addition percentage increased. Moisture and ash content were positively correlated with the addition percentage, and the crude protein and crude ash content were negatively correlated. As the addition percentage increased, the color of the bread became darker, and the bread volume decreased. The inside and outside color of the bread also decreased as the addition percentage increased. The volume and specific volume of bread decreased as the addition percentage increased. The amino acid analysis indicated glutamic acid was the largest, free amino acid analysis pointed out aspartic acid the highest. The springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, brittleness, and hardness of the bread were positively correlated with the addition percentage. Overall, it seems possible to develop bakery items using cuttlefish ink as a functional ingredient.

In this study, quality properties of rapeseed oil by different roasting temperatures (140, 160, 180, and 200℃) were investigated. Roasted-pressed oil (RPO) showed a decrease in lightness and an increase in redness and yellowness with an increase in temperature compared to cold-pressed oil (CPO). In addition, the β-carotene and tocopherol content also increased in RPO as the roasting temperature increased. The tocopherol content increased by 18~20% in RPO at 200℃ compared to CPO. This increase in bioactive components led to improved radical scavenging activity dependent on roasting temperature, and RPO at 200°C showed a 2.7-fold improvement compared to CPO. Finally, it was observed that higher roasting temperatures resulted in an extended oxidation induction period, increasing by up to 3.3 times. In conclusion, roasting is an effective method for enhancing the oil functionality of domestic rapeseed varieties. This study provides basic data for producing high-quality oil.

This study investigated the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of salad dressing prepared with Jerusalem artichoke powder (0%, 4%, 8%, and 12%). The pH, soluble solid content, and viscosity increased as the content of Jerusalem artichoke powder increased. The titratable acidity showed no significant differences between samples. The lightness values decreased, while the redness and yellowness values increased with increasing amounts of Jerusalem artichoke powder. The total polyphenol content ranged from 52.00-69.64 μg GAE/g, and increased with the increase in Jerusalem artichoke powder levels. The antioxidant activities measured via DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power also increased with increasing Jerusalem artichoke powder, at a higher rate than in the control. These results suggest that it is beneficial to add Jerusalem artichoke powder when in salad dressing.

This study investigated the quality characteristics of convenient chicken porridge prepared with fresh ginseng powder (FGP). The porridge made with the addition of FGP showed significantly higher or similar pH at 5.99-6.13 compared to porridge made without adding FGP. The convenient chicken porridge with FGP had lower viscosity and higher spreadability than the control group (p<0.05). This porridge exhibited higher lightness (L) and yellowness (b) values but a lower redness (a) value than the control group (p<0.05). The porridge made with the addition of 0.4% blanched FGP (BG0.4) displayed higher total polyphenol content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities than the other types of chicken porridge (all p<0.05). The porridge with the addition of FGP showed weaker “rice grain size”, “glossiness”, “appearance cohesiveness”, “cooked rice aroma”, “sweet taste”, “texture cohesiveness”, “thickness”, and “stickiness” than the control group (all p<0.05). The appearance and flavor acceptance were significantly higher or similar for the porridge samples made with the addition of 0.2% non-blanched FGP (NBG0.2) and 0.4% non-blanched FGP (NBG0.4) when compared with those of the control group.

This study investigated quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of beetroots after blanching. Beetroots were blanched in distilled water, 2% NaCl water, and 2% citric acid water at 100°C for 3 minutes (the blanched group). The moisture content was highest in the control (CON) at 91.30% (p<0.05), and cooking loss was lowest in the water-blanched beetroot (BW) at 5.39% (p<0.01). Chromaticity decreased after blanching compared to CON (p<0.001). Total polyphenol contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) decreased after blanching, and as a result of comparing the True retention (TR) of the blanching treatment group, BW had the highest with TPC TR 91.22% and TFC TR 70.51%. DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activities were highest in the CON, and in the blanching group BW was highest scavenging activity. The total number of microorganisms in the CON group was 2.97 log CFU/g, whereas no microorganisms were detected in the blanched groups. Therefore, this study, blanching in water without additives is the most appropriate method for preserving physiologically active substances and nutrients in beetroots and inhibiting microbial growth.

This study investigated quality characteristics and functionality of rose sparkling wine that were manufactured by secondary fermentation after inoculation of yeast strains. The pH of the samples ranged from 3.96 to 4.05 and total acidity ranged from 0.23 to 0.32%. The alcohol contents of wines ranged from 6.4 to 6.6% and the CO2 pressure ranged from 2.0 to 2.6 bar. The brightness of rose wines ranged from 84.72 to 87.36, the redness from 9.28 to 14.15, and the yellowness from 9.50 to 19.20. The hue value of wines ranged from 1.137 to 1.513 and color intensity ranged from 0.724 to 0.882. Aroma analysis identified 14 alcohols, 22 esters, 4 ketones, 4 acids, and 17 miscellaneous compounds. The total tannin contents and total polyphenol contents of wines were 11.28~12.43 mg% and 24.79~28.20 mg%, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of wines ranged 63.33 to 67.89% and the ABTS radical scavenging activity of wines 82.16~86.06%. The results of this study provide a basis for establishing the brewing process of rose sparkling wines yeast strains.

We determined physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of cookies prepared by replacing wheat flour with 0, 3, 6, and 9% freeze-dried burdock powder instead of wheat flour. The leavening and loss rates of the cookies decreased in proportion to the amount of burdock powder added to the dough. The moisture content of the cookies increased in proportion to the amount of burdock powder added and the crude protein and hardness were higher in the burdock-added group compared to the control. The lightness and yellowness of the cookies decreased, and the redness increased in proportion to the amount of burdock powder added. The total flavonoid and polyphenol compounds in the cookies increased in proportion to the amounts of burdock powder added. The antioxidant activities also tended to increase in proportion to the amount of burdock powder added. Based on the above results, adding burdock powder to cookies can increase antioxidant activity by increasing the content of antioxidant components, such as polyphenols and flavonoids. In addition, it is believed that adding burdock powder at levels of 3 to 9% of the weight of flour would result in cookies with spreadability, swelling power, and hardness similar to those of regular cookies.

Passengers on public buses operating in the metropolitan area are exposed to the closed indoor air for minutes to hours. The indoor air quality of buses is mostly controlled through ceiling-mounted ventilation and filtration devices. A simulation study using a commercial code was conducted for fluid flow analysis to evaluate the potential effectiveness of an air purifier that can be inserted into bus windows to supply clean air from the outside to the inside. As a result of field measurements, the average CO2 concentration inside the bus during morning and evening rush hours ranged from 2,106±309 ppm to 3,308 ± 255 ppm depending on the number of passengers on board. This exceeded the Guideline for Public Transportation. The optimal installation position of an air purifier appeared to be the front side of the bus. In fact, even a low diffusing flow velocity of 0.5m/s was effective enough to maintain a low concentration of CO2 throughout the indoor space. Based on numerical analysis predictions with 45 passengers on board, the maximum CO2 concentration in the breathing zone was 2,203 ppm with the operation of an air purifier.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of amino acid complex additives, such as protected vitamin C (VC) or detoxified sulfur (DS), on the growth and metabolism of Hanwoo cattle under high-temperature conditions. Accordingly, farms in Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) regions ranging from 78 to 89 for over 100 days were selected. The experimental groups were control, T1 (lysine + methionine + VC, 50 g/head/day), and T2 (lysine + methionine + DS, 50 g/head/day) with 70, 77, and 71 animals each. The range of the THI for 115 days was 78-89, and this occurred in most of the experiment days. The results showed that there was no significant difference in rectal temperature among the groups. The body weight increased to 786.4 and 809.0kg in the T1 and T2 groups, respectively, compared to the control group (p<0.05). Linoleic acid showed a high result of 2.01% in the T1 group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Unsaturated fatty acids were higher at 55.70 and 56.54% in the T1 and T2 groups, respectively, compared to the control group (p<0.05), and the omega 6/3 ratio was reduced to 20.10% (p<0.05). These findings indicate that T1 has a positive impact on growth, meat quality, and fatty acid composition compared to the control group. In conclusion, amino acid complex with VC improved the body weight of Hanwoo steers and the unsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids of their meat; however, further research is needed to clarify this impact on carcass performance.