Background: The transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TNES) is the most used non-invasive treatment method in physical therapy. As the mobile TENS (MTENS) has become popular, patients with pain have started using MTENS to reduce pain. Objectives: To evaluate pain, range of motion, and muscle strength before and after using MTNES in patients with wrist pain. Design: Quasi-experimental research. Methods: We conducted an experiment with 80 patients; 15 patients were dropped out, and 35 and 30 patients were evaluated in the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG), respectively. Before and after using MTENS for 4 weeks, patients were evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), grip power, range of motion (ROM), and digital infrared thermography imaging (DITI). In the EG, electricity was applied for the MTENS device, while electricity was not applied in the CG. Results: A significant difference in pain reduction was observed between the EG and CG. In the EG, a significant difference in grip strength was also noticed before and after using the MTENS; patients showed significantly increased power grip and tip pinch. A significant difference was observed in pre-rest and post-test wrist ROM and DITI values. Conclusion: MTENS is an appropriate procedure for patients with wrist pain.

The development of ICT technology has created new channels for product sales and promotion, which not only make information accessible to customers as easy as possible, but also provide consumers with much more absolute and comparative information. Modern consumers are exposed so many shopping channels currently, especially mobile-based channels have grown significantly and have become the center of the market. It is true that mobile shopping has led the growth of overall online shopping with the recent development of mobile devices such as smartphones and related software. The importance of strengthening corporate competitiveness and mobile-based management strategies through on line channels continues to increase. At this point, this study attempted to investigate the influencing factors by focusing on the entire distribution channel and mobile shopping channels. As most of previous studies were focused on Internet shopping malls or specific channels, So the research on mobile channels can be judged to be timely and appropriate. Furthermore, it can be said that mobile shopping channels are now presenting empirical implications. In conclusion, it provides practical implications to examine the management strategy of mobile shopping channels from the perspective of consumer value.

The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of AI-integrated MALL on Korean students’ TOEIC preparation, by comparing with AI-integrated CALL. A total of 496 freshmen students participated in this study. They were arbitrarily assigned to AI CALL (n = 190), AI MALL (n = 164), and the control (n = 132) groups. During a 2021 academic semester, the two experimental groups studied TOEIC through computers or mobile phones, integrated with AI technology. The control group was taught by a human teacher, in a traditional classroom setting. Before and after the treatment, TOEIC listening and reading tests were administered. Paired samples t-tests and one-way ANOVAs, were used to analyze collected data. Findings show that all groups significantly increased listening and reading test scores. Group comparison results show that the AI CALL group outperformed the control group for both tests. This group also outperformed the AI MALL group for the reading test. Based on this, pedagogical implications are invaluable

독립형 VR기기가 활발히 개발되기 전 스마트폰을 HMD로 만들려는 움직임이 있었고 구글의 카드보드와 삼 성의 기어 VR이 그 예이다. 하지만 독립형 VR기기의 출시와 모바일 기기의 한계로 현재는 대부분 AR로 전 환되어 사용되었다. 그렇지만 지난 10년간 모바일 VR과 AR의 기술도 발달했지만, 그동안 모바일 기기의 성 능도 향상되었다. 따라서 발달한 기술들을 바탕으로 손 추적을 뛰어넘어 손동작 분류를 모바일 기기에서 기 존의 VR과 AR 콘텐츠와의 상호작용에 활용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 Manomotion을 이용하여 2D 또는 3D 의 골격을 추적하고 손동작 분류를 구현했으며 게임을 사용하여 검증하였다.

As the era of Covid-19 provoked the demand for online learning environments, research on the use of IT technologies in the teaching of Chinese is also drawing attention. This paper presents an overview of studies on mobile applications for learning Chinese in Korea, China, and the U.S.. This study aims to identify the current status of research on mobile applications for learning Chinese in Korea, and suggests directions for further research. In the review, a total of 135 studies were closely examined based on the year of publication, the subject, the method, and the research topic. After this, the features and overall flow of research in each country was identified. The necessity of revitalizing related research in Korea was highlighted. To this end, this study recommends actively conducting research, specifying the characteristics of the research subject, and extending the general process in studies of mobile applications for learning Chinese. This study expects Chinese education research on using various technologies to be further discussed.

The role of QR Code robots in smart logistics is great. Cognitive robots, such as logistics robots, were mostly used to adjust routes and search for peripheral sensors, cameras, and recognition signs attached to walls. However, recently, the ease of making QR Codes and the convenience of producing and attaching a lot of information within QR Codes have been raised, and many of these reasons have made QR Codes recognizable as visions and others. In addition, there have been cases in developed countries and Korea that control several of these robots at the same time and operate logistics factories smartly. This representative case is the KIVA robot in Amazon. KIVA robots are only operated inside Amazon, but information about them is not exposed to the outside world, so a variety of similar robots are developed and operated in several places around the world. They are applied in various fields such as education, medical, silver, military, parking, construction, marine, and agriculture, creating a variety of application robots. In this work, we are developing a robot that can recognize its current position, move and control in the directed direction through two-dimensional QR Codes with the same horizontal and vertical sides, and the error is to create a QR Code robot with accuracy to reach within 3mm. This paper focuses on indoor mobile robot position recognition and driving experiment using QR Code during the development of QR Code-aware indoor mobility robots.

In this paper, to improve the optical quality of aspherical plastic lenses for mobile use, the optimal molding conditions that can minimize the phase difference are derived using injection molding simulation, design of experiments, and machine learning. First, factors affecting the phase difference were derived using the design of the experiment method, and a data set was created using the derived factors, followed by the machine learning process. After predicting the model trained using the generated training data as test data and verifying it with the performance evaluation index, the model with the best predictive performance was the random forest model. Therefore, to derive the optimal molding conditions, random forests were used to predict 10,000 random pieces of data. As a result of applying the derived optimal molding conditions to the injection molding simulation, the phase difference of the lens could be reduced by 8.2%.

The role of QR Code robots in smart logistics is great. Cognitive robots, such as logistics robots, were mostly used to adjust routes and search for peripheral sensors, cameras, and recognition signs attached to walls. However, recently, the ease of making QR Codes and the convenience of producing and attaching a lot of information within QR Codes have been raised, and many of these reasons have made QR Codes recognizable as visions and others. In addition, there have been cases in developed countries and Korea that control several of these robots at the same time and operate logistics factories smartly. This representative case is the KIVA robot in Amazon. KIVA robots are only operated inside Amazon, but information about them is not exposed to the outside world, so a variety of similar robots are developed and operated in several places around the world. They are applied in various fields such as education, medical, silver, military, parking, construction, marine, and agriculture, creating a variety of application robots. In this work, we are developing a robot that can recognize its current position, move and control in the directed direction through two-dimensional QR Codes with the same horizontal and vertical sides, and the error is to create a QR Code robot with accuracy to reach within 3mm. This paper focuses on the driving control of indoor mobile robot during the development of QR Code-aware indoor mobility robots.

In this work, we introduce a 100 kW class mobile plasma melting system designed for non-combustible radioactive wastes treatment. To ensure mobility, the designed system consists of two 24-ft commercial containers, each in charge of the plasma utilities and melting process. In the container for plasma utilities, a 100 kW class DC power supply is installed together with a chiller and gas supply system whereas the container for melting process has a transferred type arc melter as well as off-gas treatment system consisting of a heat exchanger, filtrations, scrubber and NOx removal system. As a heat source for a transferred type arc melter, we adopted a hollow electrode plasma torch with reverse polarity discharge structure. Detailed design for a 100 kW class mobile plasma melting system will be presented together with the main specifications of the components. In addition, the basic performance data of the melting system is also presented and discussed.

As the plan for the nuclear dismantlement due to the permanent shutdown of Kori-1 and Wolseong- 1 nuclear power plants has been concretized, a “movable radionuclide analysis system” is being developed that can quickly and accurately analyze large amounts of radioactive waste generated on the sites during dismantling. This system has various advantages from the perspective of strict regulations on the radioactive waste movement and social acceptability, such as preventing unexpected accidents while moving on the national highway or expressway, reducing various documents and immediate response to dismantling plans. Currently the system is being developed to be equipped with previously developed sample pretreatment and radioactivity measuring equipment and automated volatile and nonvolatile nuclide separation equipments, but to ensure mobile stability, it needs to analyze factors and establish stability standards. In the KS Q ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard, the requirements for “facilities and environmental conditions” are a very important factor in building reliability for consumers as part of the quality guarantee for this facility. In order to meet the requirements, the technical standards of various test equipment to be installed in this facility were investigated. The physical, chemical, and radiological hazards that could affect the safety of the equipment and workers in the process of moving the equipment between nuclear power plants or between nuclear dismantling sites were derived from vibrations, rapid changes in temperature and humidity, and the spread of contamination from radioactive waste samples. Therefore, the scope of application of the law, which is the basis for securing stability during movement, was classified into two situations: movement from facility manufacturer to installation site (non-contaminated) and movement from primary to secondary use (contaminated). And in order to investigate the Nuclear Safety Act, enforcement ordinances, and radiation safety management, and to establish standards for packaging and transportation of radioactive materials, the results of transportation tests and transport details were compared and analyzed. Finally, the air suspension systems and the automatic temperature and humidity control devices were analyzed to establish standards for securing stability against the vibration and the sharp changes in the temperature and humidity, and countermeasures such as accident measures in accordance with the Enforcement Decree of the Nuclear Safety Act were also investigated.

최근 10년간 국내에서 발생한 해양사고현황에 따르면, 총톤수 10톤 미만의 소형어선이 차지하는 비중은 전체 해양사고 중 47.51%로 높게 확인되었다. 또한 해양사고의 증가추세 역시 다른 선종/크기(총톤수)에 비해 매우 가파르게 증가하고 있어 이에 대한 대책마련이 시급한 실정이다. 한국해양교통안전공단에서는 소형어선의 선박검사제도 개선방안으로 자체검사제도의 도입을 제안한 바 있으며, 해양수산부에서는 최근 비대면 검사방법의 도입을 위해 ‘원격방식에 의한 선박검사 지침’을 마련하여 시행하였다. 본 연구에 서는 소형어선의 해양사고 감소 방안으로서 자체검사승인제도를 제시하고, 원격방식의 선박검사제도의 정형화 방안마련을 위해 모바 일 애플리케이션을 개발하여 실효성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 어선소유자의 자발적인 안전관리를 유도하기 위한 자체검사승인제도의 도 입과 함께 모바일 애플리케이션 기반 선박검사제도 도입의 필요성이 확인되었으며, 자체검사승인제도는 선박소유자의 안전의식을 고 취시켜 해양사고 감소에 대한 실효성이 있음을 확인하였다.

The role of QR Code robots in smart logistics is great. Cognitive robots, such as logistics robots, were mostly used to adjust routes and search for peripheral sensors, cameras, and recognition signs attached to walls. However, recently, the ease of making QR Codes and the convenience of producing and attaching a lot of information within QR Codes have been raised, and many of these reasons have made QR Codes recognizable as visions and others. In addition, there have been cases in developed countries and Korea that control several of these robots at the same time and operate logistics factories smartly. In this work, we are developing a robot that can recognize its current position, move and control in the directed direction through two-dimensional QR Codes with the same horizontal and vertical sides, and the error is to create a QR Code robot with accuracy to reach within 3mm. This paper focuses on experimental environments for testbeds during the development of QR Code-aware indoor mobility robots.

This study utilized Automated Speech Recognition technology to determine the potential utility and acceptance of such technology in the English as a Foreign Language classroom. Learners were made aware of the Automatic Speech Recognition potential of their mobile devices and provided with some direction in, and incentive for, its use. Participants were then scored on their assessment of the technology according to the Technology Acceptance Model. Participants showed a marked appreciation for the ease and utility of the technology with over 72% agreeing that the technology was both accessible and useful. Support for the use of Automatic Speech Recognition as a testing method was somewhat mixed, with 75% of participants agreeing that the testing was fair, but only 60% reporting that they felt they did well on the test. As a secondary point of interest, this study examined the potential use of Automatic Speech Recognition technology for teaching and testing pronunciation.

모바일 환경의 발달은 사람들이 SNS를 대인 커뮤니케이션 채널로 의존하도록 만들고 있으며 SNS를 통해 타인의 상태에 대한 논평을 하거나 언급하는 성 향을 형성하면서 이용자들간의 관계를 형성하거나 유지하도록 하는 중요한 역할을 담당하기도 한다. 한 개인이 다른 특정한 개인과 지속적인 정서적 유대를 가지는 경향을 애착이라 하는데, 특정 미디어나 브랜드를 이용하는 과정에서 애착이 발생한다는 연구가 나타났다. 이에 본 연구에서는 대인관계의 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있는 SNS와 이용자의 애착정도를 살펴보고 애착 관계에 따라 사회적 자기효능감과 대인관계 만족도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 온라인을 통해 203명의 SNS 이용자를 대상으로 설문을 실시하였다. 그 결과 SNS의 하위요인 중 안정감과 분리불안 요인 사회적 효능감과 대인 관계 만족도에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 안정감의 경우 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 분리불안은 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 분리불안의 부정적인 영향은 SNS중독 연구들과 비슷한 연구 경향성을 보이고 있다. 하지만 안정성 측면에서 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있어 SNS 이용 동기인 관계 측면에서의 긍정적인 영향관계를 살펴볼 수 있는 연 구 결과라 할 수 있다.