The oyster mushroom is a widely cultivated edible mushroom in Korea. It is a regionally specialized crop in Gyeonggi-do, where 68% of the national production is produced. The present study was conducted to develop a new, highquality cultivar with stable cultivation. ‘Manseon’ is a new variety of oyster mushroom suitable for bottle culture. It was produced by mating monokaryons isolated from ‘HB-18’ and ‘P15159-16’. The optimal temperature for ‘Manseon’ mycelial growth was 26–29 °C on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium and for primordia formation and the growth of fruit bodies the optimal temperature was 18–19 °C on sawdust medium. Spawn running required 30 d, primordia formation required 4 d, and fruit body growth in the bottle culture required 4 d. Regarding the characteristics of the fruit bodies, the pilei were round and dark grayish brown, stipe color was white, and stipe shape was short and thick. The yield per bottle was 192.7 g/1,100 cc, which was 9% higher than that of the control strain (Suhan-1ho). The physical properties of springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and brittleness of stipe tissue were 87.9%, 77.4%, 445.1 kgf, and 389.6 kgf, respectively.

In this study, we aimed to compare the mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus after medium supplementation with various amino acids at different concentrations to select the optimal medium nutrient composition for mycelial growth. The mycelial growth of P. ostreatus was investigated after adding four amino acids (tryptophan, threonine, methionine, and lysine) at 0.5% or 1% to the medium.The rate of P. ostreatus mycelial growthwas faster in the potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium supplemented with threonine at 0.5% or 1% than that of the control, whereas it was inhibited by tryptophan treatment. Supplementation of sawdust mediumwith all amino acids, except tryptophan, at 0.5% did not alter the mycelial growth, compared to the controls. However, addition of any amino acid to sawdust medium at a higher concentration (1%) inhibited the mycelial growth. The laccase acitivity of P. ostreatus mycelium cultured in PDA medium was the highest when threonine was added, and the lowest when tryptophane was added, consistent with the results of the mycelial growth. Therefore, the addition of threonine, methionine, or lysine to PDA medium at a concentration of 0.5-1%was effective for increasing the mycelial growth of P. ostreatus; however, it inhibited mycelial growth insawdust medium, suggesting that the effects of amino acids dependedon the medium nutrient composition.

본 연구는 소맥 위주 사료에 xylanase 효소제의 첨가가 육성돈의 사양성적, 영양소 소화율, 혈액성상, 분 중 휘발 성 지방산 및 암모니아성 질소 농도에 미치는 영향을 알 아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 총 192두(4처리, 8반복, 반복당 6두)의 육성돈(25.14±0.11 kg)을 공시하여 xylanase 첨가수 준(0, 0.0125, 0.025, 0.0375%)으로 6주간 사양시험을 실시 하였다. xylanase의 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 전체 사양 구간에서의 일당증체량(ADG), 일일사료섭취량(ADFI) 및 사료요구율(FCR)이 유의적으로 개선되는 효과를 나타냈 다(p<005). 영양소 소화율에 있어서, xylanase 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 phase Ⅰ에서는 건물 및 에너지, phase Ⅱ 에서는 조단백질 소화율이 유의적으로 개선되었으며, 또 한 육성돈의 혈중 GLU 농도는 사료 내 xylanase의 첨가 수준이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 효과를 보였 다(p<0.05). 반면에, 휘발성 지방산 및 암모니아성 질소 농 도에서 xylanase의 유의적인 첨가효과는 나타나지 않았다 (p>0.05). 결론적으로, 소맥 위주의 사료 내 xylanase의 첨 가는 육성돈의 사양성적, 영양소 소화율 및 혈중 GLU 농 도를 증가시키는데 긍정적인 효과를 보였으며, 육성돈 사 료내 소맥을 주원료로 사용할 경우 xylanse의 적정 첨가 수준은 0.0375%으로 사료된다.

본 연구는 기후변화에 따른 콩의 한해 및 습해에서의 안정생산 재배법 확립을 위한 물관리 방법별 생육특성 및 수량을 알아보기 위하여, 2021년과 2022년 2년에 걸쳐 무처리, 무굴착 땅속배수, 지중점적 관개 및 무굴착 땅속배수 + 지중점적 관개(관·배수 통합) 4처리로 수행하였다. 연차간 토양수분함량 및 토양수분장력은 관·배수 통합 처리구에서 토양 수분 장력 변이가 낮고, 안정적 토양수분 유지가 가능했으며, 2021년 생육특성 조사에서는 관·배수 통합 처리구 초장이 57.1㎝로 가장 길게 나타나, 가장 짧은 무관개 43.1㎝ 대비 32.5% 더 길게 조사되었으며, 2022년 초장 또한 같은 경향으로 관·배수 통합 > 지중점적관개 > 무굴착 땅속배수 > 무관개 순서로 길었다. 수량구성요소에서도 생육특성과 같은 경향을 보였으며, 이에 수량도 수량구성요소가 가장 높았던 관·배수 통합 처리구에서 연차간 각각 409, 346 kg/10a로 가장 많았다. 그러나, 관개량 및 물 이용효율 평가에서는 관·배수 통합 처리구가 지중점적관개 처리구 대비 일평균 관개량 203.1 ton/10a 더 많을 뿐만 아니라, 물 이용효율에서도 45.6% 더 낮게 나왔기 때문에 추후, 기후변화 환경에서의 효율적인 물관리와 한정된 농업용수 사용을 최대화로 할 수 있는 관개량에 따른 더 세부적인 연구가 추가된다면, 현재 지구온난화 등의 영향으로 범지구적 물 부족 현상이 나타나는 환경에서 보다 더 물 효율성을 극대화 시키고, 안정적인 콩 물관리 재배기술 개발의 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

본 논문에서는 정부 기업지원 사업이 기업성장에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 정부지원 활동에 성장단계를 조절 변수로 활용하여 기업의 재무적 성과 또는 비재무적 성과에 미치는 영향을 실증분석하였다. 그 결과 정부 기업 지원은 재무적 성과, 비재무적 성과, 정부지원 활용에 유의적 영향을 미쳤 으며, 성장단계의 조절 효과의 경우 재무적 성과 및 비재무적 성과 모두에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석 되었다. 연구결과를 종합하면, 정부 기업지원은 기업의 성과에 긍정적 영향을 미치며, 성장단계는 재무적 성과 및 비재무적 성과 모두에 정(+)의 효과가 있으며, 재무적 성과에 미치는 영향이 더욱 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이에 각 기업의 성장단계에 맞추어 정부 지원사업을 지원하여야 하며, 그중 쇠퇴기에 기업은 산업분야 및 기업분석을 통하여 기업의 상태에 맞추어 지원하는 맞춤형 지원을 수행할 필요가 있으며 정부 기업지원 사업의 효율성을 개선하는데 의미가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

본 논문에서는 우리나라 경제성장과 연구수행 주체별 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발 투자 간의 장·단기 인과관계를 실증 분석하였다. 이를 위해 1976년부터 2020년 동안의 시계열 자료를 바탕으로 단위근 검정, 공적분 검정, 백터오차수정 모형(VECM)을 통한 인과성 검정을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 우리나라 경제성장과 공공 연구 개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발투자 간에는 장기적으로 인과관계가 존재하는 장기균형관계가 있다는 것을 도출하였다. 그러나, 공공 연구개발투자가 경제성장에 단기적으로 영향을 미치는 데에 비해 기업 및 대학 연구개발투자는 경제성장에 단기적으로 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어, 경제성장 및 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자와 공공 연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발투자와 공공 연구개발투자 간에 단기적으로 양방향의 인과관계가 있는 것으로 도출되었다. 마지막으로 단기적으로 공공 연구개발에 인과관계가 있는 것은 GDP 경제성장이며, 대학의 연구개발에 단기적으로 인과관계가 있는 것은 공공 및 기업의 연구 개발투자인 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구를 통해서 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발 투자와 경제성장 간에는 높은 상호 유기적인 관계가 존재한다는 것을 실증적으로 도출하였다. 향후 연구개발투자가 경제성장에 미치는 파급효과를 높이기 위해서는 대학과 기업의 연구개발투자가 상호 촉진되고, 기업의 연구개발투자가 공공 연구개발투자에 긍정적 영향을 미쳐 공공 연구개발투자가 향후 경제성장에 기여할 수 있도록 하는 정책개발이 필요할 것이다.

The volatilization of alkali ions in (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN) ceramics was inhibited by doping them with alkaline earth metal ions. In addition, the grain growth behavior changed significantly as the sintering duration (ts) increased. At 1,100 °C, the volatilization of alkali ions in KNN ceramics was more suppressed when doped with alkaline earth metal ions with smaller ionic size. A Ca2+-doped KNN specimen with the least alkali ion volatilization exhibited a microstructure in which grain growth was completely suppressed, even under long-term sintering for ts = 30 h. The grain growth in Sr2+-doped and Ba2+-doped KNN specimens was suppressed until ts = 10 h. However, at ts = 30 h, a heterogeneous microstructure with abnormal grains and small-sized matrix grains was observed. The size and number of abnormal grains and size distribution of matrix grains were considerably different between the Sr2+-doped and Ba2+-doped specimens. This microstructural diversity in KNN ceramics could be explained in terms of the crystal growth driving force required for two-dimensional nucleation, which was directly related to the number of vacancies in the material.

This study was conducted in an indoor cultivation room and chamber where environmental control is possible to investigate the effect of temperature and irrigation interval on photosynthesis, growth and growth analysis of potted seedling cucumber. The light intensity (70 W·m-2) and humidity (65%) were set to be the same. The experimental treatments were six combinations of three different temperatures, 15/10℃, 25/20℃, and 35/25°C, and two irrigation intervals, 100 mL per day (S) and 200 mL every 2 days (L). The treatments were named 15S, 15L, 25S, 25L, 35S, and 35L. Seedlings at 0.5 cm in height were planted in pots (volume:1 L) filled with sandy loam and treated for 21 days. Photosynthesis, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance at 14 days after treatment were highest in 25S. These were higher in S treatments with a shorter irrigation interval than L treatments. Total amount of irrigation water was supplied evenly at 2 L, but the soil moisture content was highest at 15S and lowest at 25S > 15L > 25L, 35S and 35L in that order. Humidity showed a similar trend at 15/10℃ (61.1%) and 25/20℃ (67.2%), but it was as high at 35/25°C (80.5%). Cucumber growth (plant height, leaf length, leaf width, chlorophyll content, leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight) on day 21 was the highest in 25S. Growth parameters were higher in S with shorter irrigation intervals. Yellow symptom of leaf was occurred in 89.9% at 35S and 35L, where the temperature was high. Relative growth rate (RGR) and specific leaf weight (SLA) were high at 25/20℃ (25S, 25L), RGR tended to be high in the S treatment, and SLA in the L treatment. Water use efficiency (WUE) was high in the order of 25S, 25L > 15S > 15L, 35S, and 35L. As a result of the above, the growth and WUE were high at the temperature of 25/20℃.

This study aims to select eggplant cultivars adaptive to the hot temperature period greenhouse climate by water consumption, and growth performance of plants and fruits of different European eggplant cultivars, including ‘Bartok (BA)’, ‘Bowie (BO)’, ‘Black Pearl (BP)’, ‘Ishbilia (I)’, ‘Mabel (M)’, ‘Vestale (VE)’ and ‘Velia (VL)’, in substrate hydroponic cultivation under hot and humid greenhouse conditions. On the 118 DAT, the leaf number and stem dry weight were highest in ‘VL’, followed by ‘M’, and there was no significant difference in leaf dry weight among cultivars. The marketable fruit number per plant was 16.4 for ‘M’, which was higher than other cultivars, and ‘VE’ and ‘VL’ were 8.5 and 8.8, respectively. The weight per fruit was low for ‘M’ at 136 g, and the highest in ‘VE’ and ‘VL’ at 332 and 281 g, respectively. There was no significant difference in fruit production per plant. In this study, ‘M’, which has high water use efficiency and a large number of fruits, and ‘VL’, which required less quantity to water consumption for producing 200 g of fruit and had a high product weight, will have excellent adaptability in the UAE greenhouse condition.

The Gymnocalycium mihanovichii has been an important export item of Korean flower industry for a long time. Although there is a high demand for grafted cactus from overseas, its production for export is limited. In this study, the growth and marketable yield characteristics of Gymnocalycium mihanovichii ‘I-Hong’ were compared between soil culture and ebb-and-flow hydroponic system with single- or double-tier bench. As a result, hydroponic methods with single-tier bench resulted in higher fresh weight and glove diameter compared to other cultivation methods. In the ebb-and-flow hydroponic system, hydroponic system with double-tier bench of grafted cactus traits has a lower growth rate than other cultivations. However, the hydroponic system with double-tier bench of grafted cactus significantly increased the yield. In conclusion, the yield from hydroponic system with double-tier bench was better than soil cultivation method. Although there were some differences in color depending on the cultivation method, it was considered that there was no difference in appearance of Gymnocalycium mihanovichii ‘I-Hong’. Our results suggest the cultivation methods to overcome production constraints, expand their exports, and improve the value-added characteristics of grafted cactus.

This study was aimed to determine the effects of grow media on the mineral contents of the leaves and growth characteristics of strawberry grown under aquaponics system in a plant factory. For aquaculture, 12 fish (Cyprinus carpio) (total weight, 2.0 kg) were raised in an aquaponics tank (W 0.7 m × L 1.5 m × H 0.45 m, 472.5 L) filled with 367.5 L of water at a density of 5.44 kg·m-3 and total 34 of strawberry seedlings were transplanted in the pots filed with 200 g of orchid stone, hydroball or polyurethane sponge in the growing bed (W 0.7 m × L 1.5 m × H 0.22 m) laid out with holly acrylic sheet (140×60 mm, Ø80) on the top of the system. The pH and EC of the aquaponic solution was ranged from 7.6 to 4.9 and 0.24－0.91 dS·m-1, respectively. The concentration of NO3-N was about 28% lower than that of the hydroponic standard solution, and K, Fe and B were 10, 27 and 3.8 times lower, respectively; however, the mineral contents of strawberry leaves were in the appropriate ranges with lower contents in the leaves grown with sponge media. The organic content (OM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) of the sludge were 61.5, 5.72, 8.92, and 0.24%, respectively. The leaf area, leaf number, and dry and fresh weights of shoot at 81 DAT were significantly higher in the hydroball, and the average number of fruits per plant was significantly higher in both the orchid stone and hydroball. There was no significant difference in the fresh and dry weights of fruits. Integrated all the results suggest that the orchid stone and hydroball media are more effective to utilize nutrients in solid particles of aquaponic solution, compared to the polyurethane sponge.