실제 드럼 내에 존재하는 핵종으로부터 방출되는 감마선을 외부에서 측정하여 그로부터 드럼 내 핵종의 양을 정확하게 분석하기 위해서는 먼저 적절한 교정표준의 선택과 드럼 내 매질의 밀도와 핵종의 분포에 대한 감마선 감쇠보정이 반드시 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 드림 내 핵종의 분석을 위하여 밀도가 다른 두 개의 모델드럼을 이용하였으며 전송선원으로써는 (10 mCi), 표준선원으로는 혼합선원()을 이용하였다. 그리고 드럼과 검출기 사이의 거리를 달리하면서 모델드럼 내의 표준선원으로부터 나오는 감마선을 계측하여, 감쇠보정이 되지 않은 이 측정값에 3 종류의 감마선 감쇠보정을 각각 수행하였다. 그 결과 밀도가 낮은 드럼에서의 오차는 10 % 이하이었고, 밀도가 높은 드럼에서의 오차는 25 % 이하이었다. 또한 드럼과 검출기사이의 거리가 근거리(70 cm, 드림구획 : 10 segments)일 때, 오차는 원거리(90 cm, 드럼구획 : 8 segments)에서의 오차보다는 낮았는데 이는 상대적으로 1 segment에 대한 부피차이에 기인한 밀도 측정오차가 낮고 감마선의 산란이 낮았기 때문이다.

Objectives of this study is to develop suicide preventive correction program adapt to suicide-prone inmate. The suicide-preventive correction program applied to this study is composed of eight time tests because of peculiarity of correctional faculty. At first, regarding recognition card program, five participants in common showed gradually positivity to participate the program, and about 'feeling language', participants who use negative feeling language at first, use positive feeling language after the test. As scrutinizing the output measured from before and after the test, it is clear that melancholy, anxiety, stress, and self-respect of the subjects are improved. Among the subjects, 'vacant boat and non-singing bird' showed psychologic stability. But, It is shown that 'tree' was relatively less affect from the program, and 'pinetree' who arouse our interest from the start, could not be observed because of transportation to another place. As we know from this study, it is clear that in correctional faculty, regarding inmates who has personal problem such as the suicide-prone, group-program is effective, but in certain case individual-program is more appropriate than group-program.

This article aims to insist on the necessity of the improvement of the Guards in corrections facilities which is composed of the youths who serve in the Army. Correction Guards was established in 1981 to defend corrections facilities. Even though the purpose of correction guard is to defend correction facilities, search and arrest the spy, its main operation was the defense of correction facilities. Article 77 of the Korean Constitutional Law provides that "When it is required to cope with a military necessity or to maintain the public safety and order by mobilization of the military forces in time of war, armed conflict or similar national emergency, the President may proclaim martial law under the conditions as prescribed by Act." But correction guards maintain the correction mission by military forces in the time of peace. The members of guard are paid poorly compared with the heavy duty. The human rights of the members of the guard are not be protected properly. To protect the human rights, correction guard composed of the soldiers should be abolished.

The report of Presentence Investigation, usually conducted by a probation officer has several functions in judicial and correctional administration. Its main purpose is to serve the court in determining the sentence. The report also serves to aid the probation officer in supervision efforts during probation, parole, and supervised release Presentence Investigation System was originally developed in United States in which the court ordered the probation officer to investigate the information about the history and characteristics of the defendant. In 1988, the Presentence Investigation in the Probation Act in Korea, has been enforced only for the juvenile crime court. We now have to consider to introduce the Presentence Investigation system for all crime in other to assist the judge to determine the appropriate sentence. This Problem deals with the problems of our criminal procedure and the solution when we enact the Presentence Investigation system in our criminal procedure. Both the Judiciary and the Ministry of Justice should study to introduce the Presentence Investigation system for the people's equal right to have the proper sentencing in the criminal procedure.

The Ministry of Justice has revised the existing "law concerning the execution of criminal punishment" in the way that enhanced human rights for inmates and their ability for reintegration. To fulfil this goal, the authority changed the title of the law to "the Law concerning correctional facilities and the treatment for inmates and waited for legislative process. In the same context, the corrections bureau in the Ministry recently announced "The Strategic Plan for the Changes in Correctional Administration" to show its committment for innovation. This article reviewed the contents of the new law and the strategic plan, and then pointed out some limitations of these efforts. When it comes to the new law-The law concerning correctional facilities and the treatment for inmates, the contents of the law did not reach the expectation, first because there are too many exceptions that breach the basic human rights of inmates and second, the law did not make any efforts or policies to enhance the adapatability of inmates into a wider society compulsory. Instead, it allow authorities use discretionary power. As far as the Strategic Plan is concerned, it seems too idealistic. In other words, many proposed plan is hard to achieve in reality. Therefore I suggested some alternative ideas such as developing correctional programs for short-time inmates, improving living conditions in facilities, linking classification system and progressive treatment system, and increasing parolees by utilizing the probation system.

A nation's correction level develops in direct proportion to the nation's level. But the correctional principle does not suit our actuality. Since revival, our nation's correctional organization has been falling behind the other administrative organ's result of developmental reorganization. Nowadays, correction business is greatly increasing day by day and a second offense never decreased. Therefore correction administrative business' professional and effectual promotion needs increasingly. But now our nation's correction bureau is existing as a domestic shape of the ministry of justice which only is a assistance organ of the minister of justice. As a result, it is appeared that the difficulty of command and control in perfect order, the subordination of prosecutor, and correction civil servant's depressing the morale of the troops and so on. This study till now shows these theoretical problems at various literature but actually there was not smoothly allusion that how is the correction civil servant's thought who is charging with the correction business. Accordingly, I grasped the actual conditions for the development of correction administrative to correction civil servants who work at correction facility in the whole land's 46 sites and I understood what is necessary for this. As a result for the development of correction administrative, I knew that the modernization of correction facility, the independence of correction office, and the increment of correction facility are immediate. If the development of correction administrative is not, a criminal's social comeback is difficult. So the damage returns again a good general citizens. Consequently, now theoretically or actually the independence of correction service is not optional but indispensable. Any society, from the shady spot where has to advance for the first time we can say being advanced.

Prison population has heavily increased therefore prison overcrowding is the serious issues and tasks to our correctional authorities. The goal of correction is re-socialization of inmate. Therefore all the conditions are fulfilled in order to achievement this goal of correction and correction development. But under the prison overcrowding the energy of correction administration is given rather than correctional treatment for inmates for the purpose of guaranteeing prison safety of public order. Prisons must be place where decency and human rights are guaranteed for inmates. Prison overcrowding is the infringement upon the fundamental rights of inmates. Therefore these prison overcrowding issues and tasks should be solved as soon as possible. The goal of this study was to research the best and most efficient and rational plan or countermeasures solving prison overcrowding problem in out country namely to the minimization the imprisonment. Finally the critical cause of the prison overcrowding can be found in overcountermeasure by all the criminal justice system and I emphasize that the issues and tasks of overcrowding of korea will be solved when all the criminal justice system namely police, a public prosecutor, judge correction staff treat offenders in view of criminal policy.

근시성 약시에서 가림 치료를 대신할 수 있는 방볍으로 안경 교정만으로 약시 치 료 효과가 있는지를 분석하였다. 근시성 약시 환자 14 명을 대상으로 치료 시작 나이， 치료 전 시력， 치료 기간， 굴절이상 정도， 난시와의 관계륜 조사하였다. 모든 대상자 는 조절마비하 꿀절검사를 실시하였고， 안경교정에 의한 약시 치료 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 。‘ 4 나타내 약시 환자에 대해서도 치료 효 l. 근시성 약시의 굴절이상 교정 후 초기 시 력 (Mean :t SD) 은 0.46 :t 0 .1 1을 였고， 최종 교정시 력 (Mean :t S D)은 0.84 士0 .1 3을 나타내었다. 2. 치료 시작 나이 (Mean :t SD) 는 6.6 :t 1.5 세였으며 치료 기간은 23.2 :t 6.57ß 월이었다. 3. 근시성 약시 모두에게서 뚜렷한 시략 변화를 보였으며 치료 전 시력이 좋으면 치료 후 시력도 좋았다 (p < 0.05). 4 안경렌즈의 도수 조정에 의한 치료는 8 세 이후의 과가 있었다 (p < 0.05)

This thesis deals with some problems on the revision of current The Penal Execution Act. By the draft for revision, made public by the ministry of justice, the purpose of revision-draft comprises some principles of prohibition of illegitimate discrimination of prisoners, strengthening the right of presumption of innocence of the convicted, rationalization and individualization of the correctional programs, widening the chances of consulting with relating professionals about the prison administration especially corrections, classification and assignment of facilities in our national penitentiaries' system, recommendation of some high tech security equipment. To the public, corrections are generally understood that the purpose of corrections is to carry out the sentence of the court, with various correctional components handling specific types of sentences. Some components are devoted to providing pretrial services for those entering the criminal justice system. Other components, such as jails, handle individuals of both pre-and post conviction status. The majority of correctional components deal with persons who have appeared before the court and have been found guilty of one or more crimes. Corrections refers to the programs, services, agencies, institutions responsible for supervising persons charged with or convicted of crimes. A paradigm is a model or a way of viewing an aspect of life such as education, politics, medicin, the criminal system. A paradigm shift can make a new way of thinking about a given subject, corrections. Recently paradigm shift recommended for corrections include doing justice, promoting secure communities, restoring crime victims and noncriminal options. Finally, we come to the conclusion that revision of the Penal Execution Act seeks to use a balanced approach involving offenders, victims, local communities and government in alleviating crime and violence and peaceful communities.

The fundamental purpose of modern correctional treatment can be to surely make convicts return to society through individualization of treatment. However, it seems individualization of treatment may not be so helpful for convicts in returning to society unless it is the most appropriate and rational individual treatment that considers their property and character on the basis of exact understanding on each convict. Especially, as individual personality and property is emphasized and persons with different view of life, view of world and sense of value are living together nowadays, it seems almost impossible to return convicts to society merely through individualization of treatment, ignoring the fact that ‘proper sphere of character’ exists. Thus, seeking the method of correctional treatment appropriate to the age of individualization like the present time seems to be the most important task of modern correctional administration. The concept of individualization of treatment can be said to be established on the basis of ‘rational sense of human being’ that has ruled so far since the 17th century. Rational sense of human being may be image of human being that overlooks the fact that ‘proper sphere of character’ unique to each person obviously exists by grasping human being merely with abstract concept that human being is 'free and rational individual.' However, returning convicts to society through individualization of treatment based on rational sense of human being will be inevitably subject to regular limit. Therefore, it seems that so-called ‘personification of treatment’ is necessary which is based on the premise that each person has ‘proper sphere of character’ in the age of individualization like the present time. Needless to say, it may not be so easy to clearly define what ‘personification of treatment’ is and what it should be. Thus, it may be necessary to first find method to secure conversation and trust between characters or between individual character and community (society or correction authorities) before defining the concept of ‘personification of treatment.’ It is true that the correctional treatment has treated convicts not as ‘principal of correction’ or ‘partner of conversation’ but as ‘object of correction’ or ‘object of treatment’ thus far. I think that this is why so-called ‘personification of treatment’ is not realized which considers the property and character of convicts, based on the exact understanding on each of them. Therefore, in order to efficiently achieve the purpose of returning convicts to society in the present time, it is required to recognize convicts as ‘principal of correction’ or ‘partner of conversation’ and to enforce ‘personification of treatment’ on the basis of the fact that they also have ‘proper sphere of character.’

本 硏究에서 試驗制作한 電子컴퍼스는 3軸磁氣센서와 傾斜角센서, 그리고 光자이로센서로 構成하였으며, 이들 각 센서의 出力特性과 性能 및 自差補正의 精度를 확인한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1) 3軸 磁氣센서의 出力特性은, X軸에서 측정된 磁界는 cos커브, Y軸에서는 -sin 커브, 그리고 Z軸에서는 그 값이 일정하게 나타나고 있어서 3軸 磁氣센서로서의 기능이 충분하다고 사료되며, 이때 出力電壓으로부터 算出된 地磁氣의 水平成分 H와 垂直成分 V는 각각 H=33.2μT, V=23.95μT였다. 2)光자이로 센서를 電動回轉台에 고정시키고, 시계방향으로 10˚/sec, 20˚/sec, 30˚/sec의 속도로 회전시켰을 때, 光자이로센서의 出力과 回轉角度와의 관계는 모두 일정한 값으로 비례함을 알 수 있다. 3) 補正前 自差는 磁界에 의해 誘導되고 있기 때문에, 최대 -25˚까지 크게 나타나고 있으나, 포와숀 補正法을 이용한 補正後의 자差는 ±2˚ 범위 이내로 補正前에 비하여 自差가 현저히 작게 나타나고 있어서, 이번 硏究에서 試驗制作한 電子컴퍼스로 自動自差修正이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.

본 연구에서는 대기 중 황성분을 채취하는데 가장 널리 활용되는 방법 중의 하나인 테들러 백 방식의 채취와 관련된 오차요인을 여러 가지 관점에서 검정하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 표준시료를 백과 백간에 이동시켜 주므로서, 백의 벽면을 통해 초래될 수 있는 성분별 손실율을 비교하였다. 상대습도 0 %, 실온 조건에서 실험한 결과, 황화수소와 멀캡턴과 같은 성분들은 백과의 접촉이 일어나면서, 20 %에 가까운 손실율이 확인되었다. 반면, 상대적으로 이들에 비해 반응성이 높지 않은 DMS, DMDS와 같은 성분들도 10 %내외의 손실율이 확인되었다. 이들 성분의 정확한 정량을 위해서는 테들러 백의 흡착손실 등에 대한 특성을 정확하게 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 특히, 습도나 온도와 같은 환경조건의 변화에 대한 고려도 동시에 수반되어야 할 것이란 점을 확인할 수 있었다.

이 연구는 1991년부터 2003년까지 발간된 〈교정연구〉에 실린 논문에 대한 내용분석을 통해서 교정학의 연구영역과 연구동향에 관한 논의를 하고 있다. 총 207편의 논문을 분석의 대상으로 하여 연구주제와 연구방법론적 특성과 경향을 밝혀내고 있다. 그 주요 결과를 보면 먼저, 연구주제는 행형관련 주제에 국한되지 않고 상당히 다양했으나, 주제별로 상대적 중요도는 달랐다. 교정행정과 수용자관리, 그리고 교정처우의 법률적, 제도적인 논의는 풍부한 반면 교정의 다른 축인 수용자의 일상생활이나 독특한 문화를 이해하는 논의, 그리고 교정 프로그램의 실질적 효과를 측정하는 효과분석 논문은 양적으로 상당히 미미한 수준이었다. 한편 연구주제에 접근하는 방식인 방법론에 있어서는 대부분이 기술(description)수준의 문헌연구였으며, 실증연구인 경우에도 추론적 통계(inferential statistics)보다는 기술통계(descriptive statistics)를 제시하는 수준에 머물러 있었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 보다 교정학의 발전을 위해 더 관심이 주어져야 할 주제와 방법론적 향상을 위한 제언을 제시하고 있다.

In Article 10 of our Constitutional Law in our country prescribed that “All of our people have a dignity as a humanbeing and value also have a right to puruse happiness” It has clearly defined that the human dignity is the highest value of the rule. The term “human rights” means any of human dignity, worth, liberties and rights which are guaranteed by the Constitution and Acts of the Republic of Korea or recognized by international human rights treaties entered into and ratified by the Republic of Korea and international customary law. The main objectives of the human rights are to realize the dignity and worth of the human person in order to contribute to the safeguard of the basic order of democracy. It is very important to protect and promote the inalienable and fundamental human rights of all individuals. This paper is a study on guaranteeing the Human Rights of convicted prisoners. In this thesis, aimed at groping improvement device of the convict system to establish the human rights. It is impossible only effort of The prison officer for the national human rights safeguard and improvement of the basic human, a continuous interest should be required as well as a new posture of the national consciousness for the human rights.