The full-length cDNA encoding Perilla frutescens limonene synthase (PFLS) (603 amino acids, GenBank accession no. D49368) was cloned. To elucidate the role of PFLS in gene regulation, we transiently transformed full-length PFLS into tobacco plants. PFLS mRNA was first detected in the intact leaves of the plants at 6 h, and the LS transcript level increased after 12 h in leaves treated with oxidative stress-related chemicals. The transient overexpression of PFLS resulted in increased transcription of NbPR1 and NbSIP in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Thus, our result confirmed that the infiltration of PFLS gene act as a transcriptional regulator of NbPR1 or NbSIP genes in the tobacco.

비타민 vitamin E 구성 성분으로 항산화, 항암, 고지혈증 개선 등 다양한 생리활성을 나타내는 tocotrienol이 국내산 차조기에서 보고된 바, 존재 여부 확인을 위하여 국내수집 6종, 일본수집 8종 등 총 14종의 차조기 유전자원과 들깨 종실을 대상으로 HPLC 및 GC, GC/MS 비교 분석을 수행 하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 순상의 HPLC 이용시 차조기에서 4종의 tocopherol 및β-tocotrienol , λ-tocotrienol 과 매우 유사한 머무름 시간의 발견되었다. 2. 그러나 동일 시료를 GC로 재분석한 결과 13개 차조기 유전자원에서 모두 4종의 tocotrienol과 일치하는 물질은 발견되지 않았다. 3. GC 이용시 δ-tocotrienol 및 λ-tocotrienol 과 유사한 머무름 시간의 peak가 검출되었으나 GC/MS를 이용하여 확인한 결과 tocotrienol이 아닌 것으로 확인되었다. 4. 이상의 HPLC 및 GC 비교분석결과에 기초할 때, 차조기에는 tocotrienol류의 vitamin E는 존재하지 않는 것으로 추정되었으며 GC를 이용한 vitamin E isomer 분석이 HPLC 이용시 발생가능한 유사 머무름시간대 물질을 tocotrienol로 판단하는 오류 방지에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

In order to better 　understand the morphological differentiation of the two cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types in Korea and Japan, we studied the variation of 62 accessions by examining 15 morphological characteristics. By using ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance), we determined that var. frutescens and var. crispa showed significant morphological differences in terms of plant height and seed weight. Furthermore, cultivated var. frutescens and var. crispa could also be clearly discriminated from one another using PCA (principal component analysis). Specifically, quantitative and qualitative characteristics such as plant height, seed weight, degree of pubescence, shape of leaf, color of leaf, fragrance of plant, color of flower, color of stem and seed size greatly contributed to differences seen in the positive and negative direction on the first axis. In our study, most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens and those of its weedy type could be clearly discriminated from one another, however, most accessions of cultivated and weedy types of var. crispa were not clearly discriminated by the ANOVA and PCA analyses. These results indicated that cultivated var. frutescens can be considered to be a domesticated form, while the cultivated var. crispa can not be considered to be a domesticated form in Korea and Japan. It is our belief that our results concerning the morphological variations among cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types in Korea and Japan will help ensure the long-term success of breeding programs and maximize the use of the germplasm resources in Korea.

참기름, 들기름에서 벤조피렌의 생성경로 및 감소화 방안을 확립하고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 산지 및 종류에 따라 다소간의 차이는 있었으나 근본적으로 국내산 및 수입산 참깨, 들깨에는 각각 및 의 벤조피렌이 함유되어 있었다. 이 참깨, 들깨를 에서 20분간 볶은 후에는 각각 및 의 벤조피렌이가 검출되었고, 이를 압착한 후 얻어진 기름 중에서는 각각 및 의 벤조피렌이 검출되었다. 이는 볶음-압착공정을 밀폐형으로 수행할 경우에는 외부의 공기를

들깻잎 신품종 도입을 위해 재배된 30계통의 선발 품종의 정유성분 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 30 품종 모두 40가지 이상의 정유 성분들을 함유하고 있고 상위 3순위의 주요 성분들이 강원도 횡성군 동산면에서 재배된 15 품종은 D104 (56%), D107 (67.6%)을 제외하고 71~86%까지 차지하고 있었고 강원대학교 교내 포장에서 재배된 15 품종은 S114 (63.8%), S140 (68.3%)를 제외하고 77~88%까지 함유하고 있었다. 30 품종 모두 가장 많이 함유하고 있는 정유 성분이 75%를 넘지 않았고 다양한 성분 조성을 갖고 있어 다양한 화학형을 보였으나 정확한 품종 분류를 위해서는 GC/MS를 통한 후속연구가 필요하다. 본 연구 결과 perillaketone의 함량을 줄이고 대신 다른 향기 성분이 증가된 잎 들깨 도입 및 신품종 육성을 위한 기본정보로서 부합된다고 판단된다.

Genetic diversity and relationship among the accessions of cultivated types of Perilla frutescens and their weedy types were studied with 11 microsatellite markers. A total of 101 alleles were detected with an average allele number of 9.2 per locus among 70 Perilla accessions. Number of alleles per locus ranged from two for KWPE-39 to 21 for KWPE-53 and gene diversity for each locus was varied from 0.479 to 0.918 with an average of 0.715. The average gene diversity value was 0.626, 0.657, 0.509 and 0.524 for cultivated and weedy types of var. frutescens, and cultivated and weedy types of var. crispa, respectively. The weedy type accessions of var. frutescens and var. crispa showed more variation than corresponding cultivated type accessions. As for the cultivated type of var. frutescens, the accessions from China showed higher microsatellite diversity than those of Korea and Japan. An UPGMA phylogenetic tree revealed three major groups which were congruent with their morphological characters and geographical distribution patterns except for a few odd accessions. Although the wild ancestral species of cultivated types of P. frutescens has not yet been identified, our results may provide some evidence for the origin and the diffusion route of cultivated type of var. frutescens in East Asia. Cultivated Perilla crop might be originated in China, and its diffusion might be from China to Japan via Korea and the weedy types of Perilla crop are the key taxon in understanding the origin of cultivated type of both var. frutescens and of var. crispa.

한국의 고유 식품인 깻잎은 위생적, 고품질 및 규격화된 가공방법의 개발이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 깻잎 절임의 관능적, 위생상 안전성이 향상된 최적조리 조건을 확립하고자 하였다. 그 결과 반응표면분석에서는 저장기간에 따른 성분 조성의 최적값에는 차이가 있으나 저장식품인 경우를 고려할 때 간장 , 물엿 24 g이 전반적으로 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 깻잎의생균수는 세척전 8.08 cfu/g에서 세척 후 4.27 cfu/g 으로 약 50% 수준으로 감

Perilla is an oil and vegetable crop growing in Korea, Japan, and China. We have conducted a field expedition for collecting Perilla germplasm in Korea in 1998 and 2002. P. frutescens var. frutescens was found to be grown and cultivated in large scale throughout the country, whereas var. crispa was not seen. Weedy types of both var. frutescens and var. crispa were often found in roadsides, waste lands and areas around the farmer’s fields. Total number of collection was 176 with 123 accessions of cultivated type of var. frutescens, 33 accessions of weedy type of var. frutescens, and 20 accessions of weedy type of var. crispa. The accessions of cultivated var. frutescens had four different seed coat colors; white, gray, brown and dark brown. Brown and dark brown types were more frequently found than the white type and distributed from north to south of Korea, whereas the white type was mainly found in southern part of Korea. The seeds of cultivated var. frutescens were either soft or hard and large in size (> 2mm), whereas seeds of both weedy types were small and hard with dark brown color. The accessions collected will be useful for preserving genetic diversity of this crop for further breeding programs of Perilla crops.