The present paper takes it as focal point is New Land Reform in China. Through New Land Reform, The Chinese Government seeks to increase peasant’s income and improve the efficiency of rural land. Since 2008, in many areas of China has been experimenting with the distribution of rural land. Chongqing model(The system of land quota) is watched by Chinese society with interest. The purpose of this paper is to certify whether the increase in peasant’s income through Chongqing city. Results are as follows. First, Since enforcement of the system of land quota, Chongqing peasant’s income has increased more than China and Chengdu City. Second, Chongqing peasants are growing rapidly property income more than business income and earned income. Third, Urban-rural income gap in Chongqing city was reduced more than China but no difference with Chengdu city. In conclusion, Although there are many problems the system of land quota but Has a positive effect on peasant’s income.

中国第5代新领导层决定了积极推动新型城市化战略。在确保18亿亩耕 地红线的同时，为了确保新规划的城市土地面积，必须使农村集體建设用地 转换成城市建设用地。所以，农村土地制度需要进行全面的改革。 但是在中国，土地制度属于国家的基本经济制度。土地制度的改革会使 得中国的政治经济制度以及发展方式，利益结构发生巨大变化。因此，围绕 着具体的改革方式和速度存在着许多不同的意见。在2013年11月开幕的中国 共产党第18届三中全会决定了今后积极推动农村土地制度改革，还提出了改 革的基本方向和原则。 农村土地制度改革的理解程度对于掌握整个中国的经济以及政治社会的 变化非常重要的。本论文为了更好的了解整个中国的经济以及政治社会的变 化，分析考察了现行土地制度的内容和缺陷，到如今为止的改革推进过程和 改革延迟原因，土地制度改革的主要论点，以及18届三中全会《决定》中提 出的土地制度改革方向，改革的预期效果和展望等。