The damping effects on stabilities of a simply supported pipe conveying fluid is investigated using the complexification-averaging method. The flow is assumed to vary harmonically about a mean speed. Unstable conditions of a piping system included with the viscous and material damping are analytically obtained for primary, secondary and combination parametric resonances. The primary and secondary resonances occur when the frequency of flow fluctuation is close to one and two times the natural frequency. And when this frequency is close to the sum of any two natural frequencies, combination resonances occur. The effects of damping parameters on the regions of three parametric resonances are discussed.

In order to evaluate a stress state of concrete according to the change of tensile force of prestressed beam, improved nonlinear resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy(NRUS) method is proposed. This technique is advantageous to evaluate the stress state in initial state because the method shows much higher sensitivity than existing linear ultrasonic methods. The NRUS technique measure a nonlinearity parameter, which is calculated from the resonant frequency shift of ultrasonic wave related to the medium state, and the result is also closely related to the stress state of concrete. In this study, the nonlinearity parameter was measured with the change of tensile force to verify the close relationship between the two factors, and the effect of repetitive load cycle on the change of nonlinearity parameter was analyzed. In addition, sensitivity comparison with the linear ultrasonic pulse velocity method was performed. Through the experimental results, the possibility of NRUS technique for the evaluation of stress state in prestressed beam was confirmed.

URPOSES: The objective of this study was to develop an impact resonance (IR) test procedure for thin disk-shaped specimens in order to determine the ⎢E*⎢ and phase angle values of various asphalt mixtures. METHODS: An IR test procedure was developed for evaluating thin disk-shaped specimens, in order to determine the dynamic modulus (⎢E*⎢) of various asphalt mixtures. The IR test method that was developed to determine the elastic modulus values of Portland cement concrete was evaluated, which method uses axisymmetric flexural vibration proposed by Leming et al. (1996). The IR tests were performed on three different mixtures of New York with varying nominal maximum aggregate sizes (NY9.5, NY19, and NY25) at six different temperatures (10 - 60℃). The ⎢E*⎢ values obtained from the IR tests were compared with those determined by the commonly used AASHTO T342-11 test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : The IR test method was employed to determine the ⎢E*⎢ values of thin-disk-shaped specimens of various asphalt mixtures. It was found that the IR test method when used with thin disk-like specimens is a simple, practical, and cheap tool for determining the ⎢E*⎢ values of field cores. Further, it was found the ⎢E*⎢ values obtained from the IR tests using thin disk-like specimens were almost similar to those obtained using the AASHTO T342-11 test.

Resonance occurrence conditions are explored by performing dynamic interaction analysis of arch bridge and KTX trains. The target bridge is a 3D tied-arch bridge having span length of 120m. KTX trains consist of two power carriages, two power and passenger carriages and sixteen passenger carriages. When KTX trains run on the target bridge with the uniform speed of 100 to 500km/h, the dynamic responses of the bridge induced by moving trains are obtained from railway arch bridge-train interaction analysis. Two resonance conditions are presented and whether the resonance phenomena occur or not at the suspicious resonance velocities is rigorously investigated through bridge deflections and accelerations and their FFT analysis.

최근 급격히 변하는 기후 및 다양한 영향으로 인한 도로의 파손이 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 그 중 포장의 성분 에 따른 강도의 문제로 파손이 발생되기도 하는데, 강도를 측정하는데 있어 아스팔트 혼합물은 탄성과 점성의 성질을 동시에 나타내기 때문에 온도 및 하중재하속도, 간격을 매우 중요한 인자로 고려한다. 이러한 인자들을 만족시키기 위 하여 국내에서는 고가의 장비에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 점에 대해 본 연구에서는 상대적으로 저렴한 동시에 빠르게 동탄성계수를 도출해 내기 위해서 IRT시험을 도입하였다. 또한 IRT 시험법 평가를 위하여 공신력을 가지고 있 는 MTS 장비의 결과와 비교하고자 한다. MTS 810시스템을 사용하여 동탄성계수를 측정하는데 있어 실험조건으로 하중주기 주파수는 0.0001, 0.0005, 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02KHz로 설정하였으며, 실험온도는 5, 20, 40, 54℃로 설정하여 수행하였다. 일축압축/인장시험 수행에 서는 공시체에 120°간격으로 85mm 변형측정자기센서(Linear Variable Differential Transformer, LVDT) 4기를 설치 하여 수직변형을 측정하는 방식으로 수행되었다. IRT 시험에서는 아래 Figure 2와 같이 공시체를 고정시킨 후 한쪽 면을 쇠구슬로 충격을 가한다. 이때 공시체 양 측면에 가속도계를 설치하여, 쇠구슬로 인해 발생하는 외력에 대한 신호를 계측 한다. 이 아날로그 신호는 펄스장비를 통하여 디지털 신호화 되어지며, 이때 신호의 전파속도가 상당히 빠르기 때문에 신 호처리와 공진주파수를 찾기 위하여 시간에 대한 디지털신호를 주파수에 대한 Frequency Function으로 변환하는 과정을 수행한다.

PURPOSES: The dynamic modulus can be determined by applying the various theories from the Impact Resonance Testing(IRT) Method. The objective of this paper is to determine the best theory to produce the dynamic modulus that has the lowest error as the dynamic modulus data obtained from these theories(Complex Wave equation Resonance Method related to either the transmissibility loss or not, Dynamic Stiffness Resonance Method) compared to the results for dynamic modulus determined by using the Universal Testing Machine. The ultimate object is to develop the predictive model for the dynamic modulus of a Linear Visco-Elastic specimen by using the Complex Wave equation Resonance Method(CWRM) came up for an existing study(S. O. Oyadiji; 1985) and the Optimization. METHODS: At the destructive test which uses the Universal Testing Machine, the dynamic modulus results along with the frequency can be used for determining the sigmoidal master curve function related to the reduced frequency by applying Time-Temperature Superposition Principle. RESULTS: The constant to be solved from Eq. (11) is a value of 14.13. The reduced dynamic modulus obtained from the IRT considering the loss factor related to the impact transmissibility has RMSE of 367.7MPa, MPE of 3.7%. When the predictive dynamic modulus model was applied to determine the master curve, the predictive model has RMSE of 583.5MPa, MPE of 3.5% compared to the destructive test results for the dynamic modulus. CONCLUSIONS: Because we considered that the results obtained from the destructive test had the most highest source credibility in this study, the dynamic modulus data obtained respectively from DSRM, CWRM were compared to the results obtained from the destructive test by using th IRT. At the result, the reduced dynamic modulus derived from DSRM has the most lowest error.

As an offshore wind power turbine is bigger, a new-type supporting structure is required reduce any probability of risk such as its buckling failure. In this study, we analyzed free oscillation of ICH RC wind power tower based on the design sections in the previous study. Also, we checked the safety by resonance between designed ICH RC wind power towers and various commercial wind power turbines. The eigenvalue analysis results showed that the designed ICH RC wind power towers were free from the resonance by turbines.

PURPOSES: This study is to evaluate the dynamic modulus changes of permeable asphalt mixtures by using non-destructive impact testing method and to compare the dynamic moduli of permeable asphalt mixtures through repeated freezing and thawing conditions. METHODS: For the study, non-destructive impact testing method is used in order to obtain dynamic modulus of asphalt specimen and to confirm the change of dynamic modulus before and after freezing and thawing conditions. RESULTS : This study has shown that the dynamic moduli of asphalt concrete specimens consisting of 10%, 15% and 20% porosity are reduced by 11.851%, 1.9564%, 24.593% after freezing and thawing cycles. CONCLUSIONS : Non-destructive impact testing method is very useful and has repeatability. Specimen with 15% porosity has high durability than others.

노상토의 동상 가능성이 없는 경우 동상방지층을 생략한다. 이러한 조건에서 노상토의 동결 융해가 발생하면, 동상이 없는 상태에서 탄성계수 변화를 수반하고, 포장설계에서 이를 합당하게 고려해야 한다. 동결 융해 과정의 연속적인 탄성계수 변화를 효과적으로 규명하고자 비파괴시험인 충격공진시험(IR, Impact Resonance)을 도입하였다. 동결 융해 과정에서 수분의 공급이 차단된 폐쇄형 동결조건에서 노상토의 탄성계수는 동결 융해 반복횟수에 무관하게 일정한 값으로 나타났다. 또한 시험에 적용한 모든 함수비 및 다짐도 조건에서 동결전의 탄성계수와 동결 융해 후의 탄성계수는 변화가 거의 없이 일정한 값으로 나타났다. 즉 폐쇄형 동결 융해 조건에서는 노상토의 융해 강성도 감소(thaw-weakening)가 발생하지 않았다. 동결시 탄성계수는 다짐도 및 함수비에 따라서 변화하였으나, 포장설계 관점에서는 무시 가능한 수준으로 나타났다.

복소수계수 E*로 표현되는 아스팔트 콘크리트의 탄성계수는 아스팔트 포장설계에서 매우 중요한 입력변수다. 일반적으로 아스팔트 콘크리트의 탄성계수는 동탄성 계수시험 (Dynamic Modulus Test)을 사용하여 평가한다. 그러나 동탄성계수시험은 일상적인 시험법으로 적용하기에는 고가의 시험장비, 복잡한 시험장비, 많은 시험시간 등의 문제가 있다. 이에 반하여 충격공진시험(IR: Impact Resonance test)은 비파괴시험으로서 간편한 시험장치, 단순한 시험방법이며 반복성이 뛰어나다. 본 연구의 주요 목적은 충격하중의 타격위치 시편거치 방법 충격하중원의 특성, 신호획득 속도, 신호처리방법 등을 포함한 IR시험의 시험조건의 영향을 평가하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 적용한 모든 시험조건 범위에서 충격공진시험에서 측정된 결과의 변동은 ±2.7% 이내에 들었다.

본 논문에서는 고투자율 등방성 자기물질을 이용한 공진형 마그네토미터(Resonant-type Magnetometer, RM)의 설계와 개발에 관하여 기술하였다. 먼저, 자기 물질에 감은 코일의 인덕턴스 L과 등방성 고투자율 자기 물질에서 나타나는 투자율 u(H) 사이의 기본이론을 정립하였다. 다음으로, L 의 변화를 간단한 슈미트 트리거 회로를 이용하여 주파수로 획득할 수 있는 RM회로를 구현하였다. RM의 측정능력을 평가하기 위한 선회실험을 통하여 RM의 지구자장 성분 측정 가능성을 확인하였다.

The elastic moduli of simulated dry process fuels with varying composition and density were measured in order to analyze the mechanical properties of a dry process fuel pellet. Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy(RUS) which can determine all elastic moduli with one set of measurements for a rectangular parallelepiped sample was used to measure the elastic moduli of UO and simulated dry process fuel. The simulated dry process fuel showed a higher value of Young's modulus than UO due to the presence of metallic precipitates and solid solution elements in the UO matrix. The correlation between Young's modulus and porosity(P) of simulated dry process fuel was found to be 231.4-651.8 P (GPa) at room temperature. Dry process fuel with a higher burnup showed higher Young's modulus because total content of fission product element was increased.

As primary members of cable-stayed bridge, stay cables are the most important elements of the entire structure. Wind-induced or Rain-Wind vibration is a cause of the safety in the bridge, the deep anxiety for the observing public. One of effective ways to solve this problem is to install the damper. To design the damper, it is necess따y to estimate the cable dynamic characteristics. In this study, for the cable dynamic characteristics we deγeloped the cable exciting mechanical system(exciter). And to evaluate the performance of the cable exciter, we derived the solution of frequency equation from the differential equation of the mathematical model, 뻐d performed the solution of frequency equation, the eigenvalue analysis by FEM model, the resonance dwelling test and swept sine test