제조물책임법은 제품의 제조, 설계, 표시상의 결함으로 인해 사용자의 생명이나 신체에 피해나 손실이 발생할 경우 제조물의 결함과 그로 인한 피해 사실이 입증되면 제조업자 등이 손해배상책임을 지게 하는 제도이다. 제조물책임법의 시행으로 기업은 제조물책임 사고로 인한 손실을 예방하고 체계적으로 방어할 수 있는 대응시스템을 구축하여 제품안전사고를 본질적으로 근절하기 위한 책무를 다해야 한다. 그렇지만 최근에 발생한 가습기살균제 사고, 휴대폰 배터리의 결함, 정수기 리콜 등에 의한 피해발생으로 제품의 안전을 근원적으로 확보하고 소비자의 생명과 재산을 보호하는 데 제도적으로 미흡한 점이 발견되어 개선 할 필요성이 대두되었다. 이에 국회에서는 제조물책임법의 실효성을 강조하기 위하여 2017년 3월 제조물책임법의 개정을 통해서 피해액의 최고 3배까지 배상토록 하는 징벌적 배상제도, 소비자에게 피해발생 시 입증책임을 제조업체가 지도록 하는 입증책임의 전환 등을 개정하게 되었다. 이러한 변화는 앞으로 기업 책임의 변화를 예상하게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 개정된 제조물책임법이 기업에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 기업이 효과적으로 대응할 수 있도록 대응전략을 제시하고자 한다.

제조물책임법은 제품의 제조, 설계, 표시상의 결함으로 인해 사용자의 생명이나 신체에 피해나 손실이 발생할 경우 제조물의 결함과 그로 인한 피해 사실이 입증되면 제조업자 등이 손해배상책임을 지게 하는 제도이다. 제조물책임법의 시행으로 기업은 제품의 안전성 확보와 만약에 발생할 수 있는 제품 사고를 대응하는 활동을 체계적으로 수립하는 노력이 필요하다. 그렇지만 실제로 기업이 제조물 책임 대응활동을 얼마나 체계적으로 예방하고 대응할 수 있는가를 확인할 수 있는 제도는 아직 미흡한 상태이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 제조기업의 제조물책임 대응수준 평가제도 도입에 대한 소비자의 인식과 제도의 필요성을 조사하여 객관적이고 체계적인 평가제도로 도입할 수 있도록 연구결과를 기초자료로 제공하는데 목적이 있다.

As the global uncertainty of manufacturing has increased and the quality problem has become global, the recall has become a fatal risk that determines the durability of the company. In addition, as the convergence of PSS (product-service system) product becomes common due to the development of IT convergence technology, if the function of any part of hardware or software does not operate normally, there will be a problem in the entire function of PSS product. In order to manage the quality of such PSS products in a stable manner, a new approaches is needed to analyze and manage the hardware and software parts at the same time. However, the Fishbone diagram, FTA, and FMEA, which are widely used to interpret the current quality problem, are not suitable for analyzing the quality problem by considering the hardware and software at the same time. In this paper, a quality risk assessment model combining FTA and FMEA based on defect rate to be assessed daily on site to manage quality and fishbone diagram used in group activity to solve defective problem. The proposed FTA-FMEA based risk assessment model considers the system structure characteristics of the defect factors in terms of the relationship between hardware and software, and further recognizes and manages them as risk. In order to evaluate the proposed model, we applied the functions of ITS (intelligent transportation system). It is expected that the proposed model will be more effective in assessing quality risks of PSS products because it evaluates the structural characteristics of products and causes of defects considering hardware and software together.

Product liability (PL), which began enforcement in 2002, refers to the legal responsibility of the manufacturers or sellers (wholesales or retailers) for the property damage or bodily harm caused by their product. With a strong enforcement of the Product Liability (PL) Act, companies are required to structure and operate a response system to defend or prevent product accidents efficiently, but small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are unable to respond more aggressively due to limitation of management resources. In this manner, it is important to develop response strategies for SMEs to efficiently cope with the PL Act. In this paper, the PEST (Political, Economic, Social, and Technological) analysis is performed to reveal the impact of the PL Act on SMEs in macro-economic point of view. To formulate SME’s PL response strategy, SWOT analysis is performed to categorize each factors from PEST analysis and AHP is applied to identify the intensities of SWOT factors. The prioritized SWOT factor, results of PEST-SWOT-AHP analysis, are used to formulate SME’s PL response strategies. The study results are briefly summarized as follows. To reduce product defects, it is necessary for SMEs to formulate PL response strategies for each phase of the product life cycle by continuously collecting and analyzing PL cases in the same industry or for similar products. In addition, SMEs should invest more technological effort to ensure product safety. Further, SMEs should spread PL awareness to all staff members by training internal PL experts. Moreover, a SME should enroll in PL insurance and spread this information to its customers so that they become aware that the company is proactively conforming to the PL law.

Many countries are enforcing the Product Liability Act to ask the responsibility for the supply of the safe products. Thus, the safety of the product becomes one of the most important elements in modern corporate management. Diamond tool industries producing risk-high products cannot make an except to this situation. This research presents how Diamond tool manufactures in korea to respond effectively to Product Liability through construction of Product Safety Management System.

Product Liability is concerned with liability of a product itself. But, viewing from the management standpoint, Product Liability may have more significant influence on additional sales of the product after it has been supplied into the market. With regard to this, this study tried to make the following: First, this study examined the concept of 'Product Liability and enterprises' management attitude toward Product Liability. Secondly, through the case-analyses of Product Liability, a correlation study had been attempted to know the influence of corporate cultures and product safety activities on business management. Thirdly, this study tried to find the directions of Product Liability at the level of total management strategy.

Product liability as a process has developed significantly in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The rapid introduction of product liability has recently been a prevalent phenomenon, as global changes arising from rapid development in science and the economy have resulted in a highly interconnected world economy. This thesis was established, based on current literature and business consulting cases in the position of companies, and is one of the operating subjects in a system for legal responsibility in manufactured products.

The purpose of this study is to explore the correspondence level to product Liability in the enterprises. The results of this study are to offer basic information for a planned manufacturing system for safety products. Especially important things are build up the foundation of system and abide by it for safety products. The producer and supplier(distributors) of the products should satisfy the increasing consumer safety needs. This survey show us that manufacturing the safety products is important factors for korean enterprise management. But, in the reverse, neglect to take appropriate measures promptly.

Product liability is the law of the manufacturer's responsibilities for the consumers' personal injuries or the losses of property resulted from defective products. In today's many countries, the product liability law are being enacted because of the safety of product use and the protection of consumer's right. In korea, the product liability is going to enforce on July 1, 2002. Though the construction of product liability response system is urgent situation, domestic manufacture company's PL response system is not nearly prepared in present. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to discuss the Quality Management's importance and the PL countermeasures by presenting the difference of PL response system construction degree by the Quality Management Maturity degree

A law of Korean product liability was enforced on 1st in July for 2002 years. Although it is later than the United States in 25 years, and more later than Japan in 7 years, it have been welcomed a new chances promoting the preservation of consumer"s safety and increasing business compactability toward the small and medium size enterprises. Up to now, The a large enterprise, which have concentrated in export of an advanced country, have already the resistant power against the law of Korean product liability, but the Korean medium and small-sized enterprises were concentrated mainly a domestic market or subcontracting business of a major big company. Relatively very week positions on this Low. If They cannot supply the most safest product in the market, then Those enterprise are confronting the difficulty for surviving. Now the product safety has become more important role to the small and medium size company. Therefore, this paper offered the object and the direction how the company must carry out measures on this product design stage applying safe engineering and Ergonomic Technology for the achieving ongoing development and progress of small ann medium size industry in Korea.

The modern society is changed into mass production, complicated circulation society and mass consuming society because of the development of the fast science technology since the occurrence of the industrial revolution. Also, the human life style is changed into the abundant consumption society because of the appearance of the various products. The society change like the above provide comfortable life to us. but We are facing with danger for the bad food, illegal medicines and bad products. So, To solve the danger like the above, The Product Reliability Law be made. The both The enterprise and consumer need The Product Reliability Law to protect one's own interest. The consumer is claiming to use the product of safety of the resonable price and good quality in modern society, So, 1 studied on countermeasures of domestic enterprise to increase the competitive power of the enterprise according to Product Reliability Law

Beginning from July. 2000, the product liability of Korea is designed for reduction of customer loss by defective products. Therefore, most of company are supposed to be ready for taking care of safety and quality of products. ISO9001：2000 quality management system reform to emphasize continual improvement of the process with customer satisfaction. First of all, this paper start with introduction motive of the product liability and examine distinctive mark of the ISO9001：2000 quality management system. We consider the correlation between ISO9001：2000 quality management system and product liability and would like to propose product liability prevention by ISO9001：2000 quality management system with classification a defect style of product, the management guide and the law case.

2002년 7월부터 시행될 한국의 제조물책임법은 제조물의 결함으로 인한 소비자의 피해구제가 목적으로 이에 따라 기업으로서는 제품의 품질과 안전에 대한 부담은 더욱 증가하게 되었다. ISO9001:2000 품질경영시스템의 요구사항은 고객만족 지향에 대한 프로세스의 지속적인 개선을 강조하여 개정되었고, 고객의 요구는 제품의 안전을 더욱 중요시하는 추세로서 이러한 대응방안을 ISO9001:2000 품질경영시스템의 요구사항에서 고찰·제시하고자 한다. ISO9001:2000 품질경영시스템은 경영에 대한 프로세스 접근방식의 도입으로 프로세스의 입력사항으로 고객이 중요한 역할을 하며, 고객의 요구사항이 충족되었는지를 검토하며, 지속적인 고객만족을 위해 프로세스를 관리한다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 제조물책임법의 도입배경과 Is09001:2000 품질경영시스템의 특징을 고찰한다. 그리고, ISO9001:2000 품질경영시스템과 PL과의 관련성을 제고하여 제조물의 결함 유형별, 경영관리지침 항목, 소송상의 항목으로 분류하여 제조물책임 대응방안으로 ISO 9001:2000 품질경영시스템을 제시하고자 한다.

The purpose of this research is to analyse problems of risk management manual of disaster management agency and propose improvements.

The purpose of this research is to analyse problems of risk management manual of disaster management agency and propose improvements.

해적행위는 오래 전부터 국제범죄로 인정되어 왔으며, 해적행위를 행하는 자는 인류공동의 적으로 간주되고, 국제관습법상 어떠한 국가의 군함 또는 정부명령을 받은 선박으로도 해적을 공해상에서 나포하여 자국항으로 연행해 처벌할 수 있다. 1982년 유엔해양법협약에서는 해적행위를 "사적인 목적을 위하여 민간 선박의 승무원 또는 승객이 공해상 또는 어떤 국가의 관할권 밖의 지역에서 다른 선박, 승무원 또는 재산에 대하여 자행하는 모든 불법폭력·구금 또는 약탈행위"라고 정의하고 있으며, 더 나아가 해적행위에는 그러한 행위를 의도적으로 조장 또는 선동하는 행위와 그 선박이 해적 선박임을 알면서도 그 선박의 운항에 자발적으로 참여한 행위도 포함된다고 규정하고 있다. 이러한 해적행위에 대처하기 위해 국제기구는 물론 우리나라 정부도 해적행위에 적극적으로 대처해 오고 있으나, 해적행위는 점점 흉포화 되고 있으며, 매년증가추세에 있다 따라서 이 논문은 해상에서의 안전한 선박운항을 확보하기 위해 형사법적, 사법적, 국제적 대응방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다.