Occupational safety and health management expenses in the construction industry are statutory and separately included in the cost statement to prevent occupational accidents and health problems. The expenses are determined by multiplying the standard amount by the rate decided according to construction types and scales. However, the current expense appropriation method does not properly reflect the recent changes in the construction industry such as industry size, industry diversification, and social atmosphere about safety reinforcement. This study surveyed 1579 questionnaires in total and analyzed expense execution rate and proportion of each expense category. The expense execution rate was relative higher in complex construction (e.g., heavy construction = 126%, civil engineering = 125%) and long-period project (equal to or over 48 months construction = 133%) compared to general construction (98~116%) and short-period project (less than 48 months construction = 115%). The proportion of spending expenses was higher in the category of safety manager labor costs (25~52%), safety facility costs (22~40%), and personal protective equipment costs (10~25%). The analysis results of the study can be utilized in revising the standard expense appropriation method by reflecting the current usages of the occupational safety and health management expenses in the construction industry.

우리나라의 산업안전보건교육은 일반근로자, 사업주, 근로감독관 등을 대상으로 하나, 체계적이지 못하고 산발적으로 이루어지고 있다. 특히, 청 소년들을 위한 산업안전보건육은 법적 근거가 명확하지 않고, 담당기관, 프로그램 등 체계적이지 못하다는 비판이 제기되고 있다. 최근 한국고용 노동교육원이「한국고용노동교육원법」 제3조에 따라 전국 중·고등학생 및 청소년을 대상으로 노동인권교육을 실시한다고 발표하였으나, 주로 일반 적인 노동교육에 집중된 측면이 있어, 산업안전보건교육의 필요성이 제기 된다. 오늘날 산업재해로 인한 사망사고 등이 지속적으로 발생함에 따라 산업재해를 예방하고, 건강하고 안전한 근무환경을 조성하기 위해 산업안 전보건교육이 더욱 중요한 과제가 되었다. 특히, 청소년들은 일을 처음으 로 하거나 시작하기 전, 사업장의 안전보건과 생산적 효율성을 위해 기본 지식, 기술 및 능력을 갖출 필요가 있다. 미국은 우리나라와 달리 산업안 전보건교육의 대상을 분리하여 대상자별로 법적 근거를 달리 규율하고, 담당기관, 교육내용, 교육수준 등을 차별화하여 교육하고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 미국 산업안전보건교육의 법·정책적 제도로부터 도출할 수 있는 시사점을 알아보고자 한다. 첫째, 산업안전교육에 관한 공공부문 은 모범적 사용자 역할로서 근로자 등에게 교육을 제공하고 있으며, 교육 을 강화하고 있다. 둘째, 미국은 산업안전보건교육에 관한 법체계의 정합 성을 확립하고 있다. 산업안전보건교육 관련 「산업안전보건법」,「연방시행 규칙」,「훈련지침」을 마련함으로써 법체계의 정합성을 확립하고 있다는 것 을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 미국은 산업안전보건교육의 근거가 되는 법률과 대 상을 분리하여 교육을 실시하고 있다. 넷째, 미국은 산업안전보건교육 관 련 컨소시엄을 구성하여 운영하고 있다. 이러한 시사점을 바탕으로 본 논 문은 청소년을 위한 산업안전교육을 실시하기 위해서는 「청소년 기본법」 을 근거로 담당기관을 설립 또는 지정하여 교육수준별 전문성을 확보하여 야 하고, 업종별로 필요한 교육훈련과 기준을 상세하게 기술하고 이와 관 련된 과목들을 사업장 또는 사업장 외 훈련장에서 이수할 수 있도록 교육 편제를 변경하는 것도 고려해 볼 만 하다.

Recently, the Severe Disaster Punishment Act (January 27, 2022) was implemented, and the importance of industrial safety and health is being re-recognized. In addition, the reality is that the management burden is increasing, such as investing huge costs in reducing safety accidents centered on large companies. In this situation, we would like to help improve the working environment consistent with safety and health by deriving diagnosis and improvement measures for the current situation through a survey of production workers working in mid-sized and small-sized enterprises.

The applications of information and communication technology (ICT) into real industrial fields are getting great attentions in recent years. More and more industrial practitioners and scientific researchers are conducting studies and trying to adopt the technologies into diverse industrial fields. The purpose of this study is to review the technologies such as big data and smart sensors and to provide application cases in order to facilitate grafting the 4th industrial revolutionary technologies onto the safety and health systems. Based on the comprehensive reviews on literature, reports, and industrial cases, we found that big data technology has been used in industries for investigating work related disease. In addition, digital image technology and drone have been applied to establish safety system in construction industry. Lastly, some companies have tried to apply the technologies to build their own safety and health system.

정부와 안전보건공단에서는 건설현장의 안전사고를 줄이기 위하여 감독․점검, 기술지도, 재정지원 등의 산업재해예방 활동을 지속적으로 수행하여 왔다. 하지만, 전체 산업의 사고사망만인율과 재해율이 전반적으로 감소 추세에 있는 반면에, 건설업의 사고사망만인율 및 재해율은 2014년 이후 오히려 증가 추세에 있다. 특히, 2016년 재해통계를 기준으로 전체 건설업 재해자의 약 70%가 공사금액 20억 미만의 소규모 건설현장에서 발생하였다. 이러한 소규모 건설현장의 재해를 줄이기 위해서는 현재의 산업안전보건법 상의 소규모 건설현장 산업안전보건관리체제와 고용노동부 및 안전보건공단에서 수행하고 있는 소규모 건설현장재해예방 사업에 대한 실효성을 파악하고 개선할 필요가 있다. 현 산업안전보건관리체제에서는 건축공사 기준으로 120억 이상인 공사인 경우 안전관리자를 의무 선임하도록 되어 있으며 3억에서 120억 미만 공사의 경우 재해예방지도기관의 기술지도를 받도록 되어 있다. 또한, 안전보건공단에서는 민간위탁기관을 지정하여 3억 미만 건설공사의 안전관리를 지원하고 있으며, 클린사업장 조성지원사업을 통해 20억 미만 소규모 건설현장의 추락재해예방을 위해 시스템 비계, 사다리형 작업발판 및 안전방망 등의 설치 비용을 지원하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 공사금액별 재해통계 및 안전관리자 선임관련 제도를 분석하여 안전관리자 선임 대상을 현행 건축공사 120억 이상인 공사에서 단계적으로 50억까지 확대할 것을 제안한다. 설문조사와 전문가 의견을 수렴하여 재해예방지도기관의 기술지도 영역을 조정하고 실효성을 강화하기 위한 방안을 수립하고, 클린사업장 조성지원사업의 사업 확대 요구 및 개선사항을 도출한다.

Occupational Safety and Health Expenses Law in construction industry was enacted in 1988 by the notification of Ministry of Employment and Labor and 22 revisions have been made since. The fact that revisions have been made almost every year since the first enactment shows that Occupational Safety and Health Expenses can effectively prevent construction accidents and the need for revisions to fit the reality has been raised continuously. Despite the construction industry has undergone various internal and external environmental changes, (such as the changes in the safety and health management techniques and the increase in the construction employees’ desire for safety) the appropriation standard of Occupational Safety and Health Expenses has been calculated based on the contract price. The construction industry has constantly suggested that the Occupational Safety and Health Expenses be calculated based on the estimated construction expenses since applying the current method doesn’t provide enough money to secure the safety. Also because it has become mandatory to hire a health manager since 2015, the lack of Occupational Safety and Health Expenses is expected to get worse. In this study, we will analyze the usage of Occupational Safety and Health Expenses and propose a more practical and realistic change in setting the appropriation standard of Occupational Safety and Health Expenses.

This study organizes not only the middle-long term developing plan of safety health education to put emphasis on a manufacturing industry, but also the developing plan of activating the domestic safety health education. On the basis of this study, current safety health education can be developed. To achieve a goal of implementing domestic safety health education, this study is carried out more deeply as follows.

The study is conducted in order to establish validity of industrial safety field's neo-qualification composition by suggesting reengineering procedure of NCS based industrial safety field's qualifying occupational plan. The study is conducted in order to establish validity of industrial safety field's neo-qualification composition by suggesting reengineering procedure of NCS based industrial safety field's qualifying occupational plan. NCS based neo-qualification plan is deveopled into progress as following steps; First, planning NCS neo-qualification system. Second, presenting work·education combined program certification standard. Third, developing NCS based neo-qualification assessment standard. Fourth, developing work·education qualification prototype problem. The process of qualification plan was composed with Worksheet 14 and with 4phase being completing summary of each section, certification and development of assessment standard, and development of prototype problem. As a result, Industrial safety manager was redesigned into Industrial sfety manager and Construction Safety Manager, and Occupational Health Care Manager was redesigned into Occupational Health Care Manager and Industrial Health Manager. This study, in conclusion, suggests development of qualifying occupation that could be applied to the integrated management system and development of future industrial safety field's specialized neo-qualifying occupation.

The study conducted questionnaire analysis to 413 industrial safety field employees in order to examine the necessity and validity of industrial safety field's 17th neo-job classification based on National Competency standards(NCS). As a result, 50.1% of industrial safety management field and 43.3% of industrial health management field answered that classification details of occupational safety and health management field are classified by job(duty) performance. Industrial safety management field recognizes that management and engineering section play a significant role in their work, while industrial health management field recognizes worker's health care and work environment management and overall control of work environment assessment to be significant in their work. Furthermore, industrial safety management field recognizes that separating qualification and foundation of 'construction safety manager', 'chemicals(safety and health) manager', '(toxic)risk assessment evaluator or risk factor manager' to be highly significant. The study is meaningful in that it suggests industrial safety field's qualification items practical in industrial sites