The purpose of this study is to identify psychological anxiety factors related to firefighters' field activities and suggest improvement measures. To investigate the actual status of psychological anxiety factors, a survey was conducted on approximately 3,500 current firefighters, and the responses of 505 people who participated in the survey were analyzed. As a research method, frequency analysis and cross-analysis were conducted according to the general characteristics of the participants to determine the actual level of psychological anxiety in each work field and the results were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was statistically confirmed that firefighters feel a lot of psychological burden due to legal and institutional inadequacies during dispatch, return, or field activities, and frequent friction with civil servants is also a major cause of psychological anxiety. Therefore, based on the results of this study, it is proposed to establish a permanent legal support team in each city and province, designate and operate a hospital dedicated to psychological treatment, and establish a special provision for traffic accidents during the return of fire trucks so that firefighters can concentrate on their duties without psychological anxiety. do.

본 연구는 초등학생의 학습·사회성 부진에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여, 부모 관계에 따른 아동기 심리적 안전감의 중요성을 밝히기 위한 연구이다. I시 J구의 초등학교 학부모 대상 안전 인 식 조사에서 주관적 건강, 성격 특성, 대인 관계, 정서·행동 특성의 심리적 안전감과 학교폭력 피 해 및 부모 관계를 통해 학습·사회성 부진의 영향요인을 분석하였다. 자료의 분석은 t-검증과 ANOVA를 활용하여 일반적 특성에 따른 차이를. 다중회귀분석으로 학습·사회성 부진의 영향요인을, 교차분석과 로지스틱 회귀분석으로 학습·사회성 부진의 위험도를 분석하였다. 분석의 결과는 첫째, 여아의 과민·반항성이 높았고, 6학년 아동의 개방성이 낮게 나타났으며, 부모의 학력이 높을수록 주관적 건강과 학교폭력 피해 인식이 높고, 월 300만 원대의 소득수준에서 학습·사회성 부진이 높 다. 둘째, 학습·사회성 부진의 영향요인으로 긍정적 관계에서는 불안·우울과 학교폭력 피해 경험으 로, 부정적 관계에서는 집중력과 불안·우울로 나타났다. 셋째, 학습·사회성 부진 위험도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인은 사회적 주도성, 불안·우울과 집중력 부진, 소득수준, 타인 이해, 공동체 의 식으로 나타나고 있다. 아동의 학습·사회성 부진은 불안·우울, 집중력 부진과 높은 상관성이 있고, 부정적 부모 관계에서 높은 영향을 받는다. 따라서 아동의 학습·사회성 향상을 위해서는 긍정적 부 모 관계와 심리적 안전감의 확보가 중요하다.

목적 : 본 연구는 신체장애인을 대상으로 이동 보조기기 사용에 대한 심리적 요인과 환경적 요인이 삶의 만족도에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 분석하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 한국장애인개발원의 장애인삶 패널조사 데이터(2019)를 활용하여 이동 보조기기 이용하는 신체장애 인의 심리적 요인인 장애수용, 우울, 자아존중감과 환경적 요인인 활동제한, 주거환경, 일상생활의 의존성이 삶의 만족도 에 미치는 영향요인을 파악하기 위한 이차자료분석 연구이다. 신체장애인에 대한 일반적 특성은 기술통계와 교차분석을 하였고, 신체장애인의 이동 보조기기 이용 여부에 따른 집단 간의 비교를 위해서 독립표본 t-검정하였다. 신체장애인의 삶의 만족도와 장애수용, 우울, 자아존중감, 활동제한, 주거환경, 일상생활의 의존성 간의 상관관계를 분석하기 위해서 피 어슨 상관분석을 실시하였다. 이동 보조기기를 이용하는 신체장애인의 삶의 만족도에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석하기 위해 서 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 또한 현재 사용하고 있는 이동 보조기기의 만족도에 대한 백분율은 그래프로 제시하였다. 결과 :이동 보조기기 사용 여부에 따른 두 집단의 비교에서 심리적 요인, 환경적 요인, 삶의 만족도에서 유의한 차이를 확인하였다. 신체장애인의 삶의 만족도는 장애수용, 자아존중감, 주거환경과 양의 상관관계를 보였으며(p<.01), 우울, 활 동제한, 일상생활의 의존성과 음의 상관관계를 보였다(p<.01). 이동 보조기기를 이용하는 신체장애인의 삶의 만족도에 영 향을 주는 요인은 나이(ß=-.122, p<.001), 장애수용(ß=.263, p<.001), 우울(ß=-.288, p<.001), 활동제한(ß=-.181, p<.001), 주거환경(ß=.102, p<.01)으로 분석되었다. 결론 : 이동 보조기기를 이용하는 신체장애인의 삶의 만족도를 높이기 위해서는 기능에 맞는 이동 보조기기를 선택하고 이에 적응하기 위한 재활프로그램이 활용되어야 할 것이며, 정책적인 지원이 필요할 것이다.

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 대학생 초보운전자의 심리적 요인과 안전운전행동의 관계를 알아보고자 함이다. 연구방법 : K대에 재학중인 대학생 초보운전자 30명의 자아존중감, 자기효능감, 행동억제 및 행동활성화 체계, 정적정서 및 부적정서, 불안, 우울 그리고 분노를 측정하고 안전운전행동의 관계를 살펴보기 위해 상관분석을 실시하였다. 운전수행자와 비운전자 집단간 비교를 위해서는 맨휘트니 검정을 실시하였다. 결과 : 심리적 요인과 안전운전행동의 관계를 살펴본 결과 자아존중감과 자기효능감 그리고 정적정서와 안전운전행동은 정적상관관계가 있고 행동억제체계와 불안과는 부적상관관계가 있었다. 또한 운전수행자와 비운전자의 심리적 요인 중 자기효능감과 정적정서, 우울에서 집단간 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 초보운전자의 심리적 요인이 안전운전행동에 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였으며 초보운전자의 심리적 요인에 보다 주목할 필요성을 시사하고 있다.

This study is aimed to measure the physical colorimetric property according to three conditions, natural dyestuffs (Gardenia, Sappan wood, Lac, Gardenia blue, Mugwort, and Indigo), fabric types (cotton, silk), and presence of mordant (without, with), and then to evaluate the psychological sensibility. Also, to perform analysis of variance (ANOVA) to find out the differences of physical properties according to the three natural dyeing conditions, and to analyze the relationship between physical property and psychological property by Pearson's correlation analysis and then suggest the prediction model by regression analysis using SPSS program (ver. 21.0). Finally, to propose a certain sensibility image map of naturally dyed fabrics, MDS (Multidimensional Scaling) was used, and as a result, Gardenia dyed fabrics having the color sensibilities such as 'hard' and 'heavy' were suggested to evoke masculine image, and to evoke feminine image, Sappan wood and Lac having 'bright', 'transparent', 'soft' and 'light' sensibilities were suggested. Natural image might be induced by using 'subdued' Mugwort dyed fabrics, and active image might be induced by using 'showy' Indigo dyed fabric.

This study conducted to solve misunderstanding in adolescent’ morality growth through finding relations between morality, psychological factors and game using time. Loneliness, Self-esteem, Self-control and Leadership were chosen for effective psychological factors on morality and game using time was chosen an independent variable, too. As a result of the first study, four psychological factors show obvious effect on morality, but game using time doesn’t show any effect. As a result of the second study, game using time shows regulation effect on the relation between loneliness and morality. This means game using is a positive way to supplement the lack of morality by relationship problems.

In the perspective of industrial health management, it is important for the employee to decrease their job stress, to improve their productivity and quality of labor. In this study, the job stress, and it's influence on PWI(Psychosocial Wellbeing Index) were investigated by the questionnaire survey of 138 industrial workers who had studied assistive technology in college. The contents of questionnaire consist of the demographic characteristics, job-related characteristics, job stress and psycho-social stress. We evaluated job stress by KOSS-SF(Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Sort Form) and psychosocial stress by PWI-SF(Psychosocial Well-being Index-Short Form). To analyze the results, we evaluated the exposure level of KOSS and PWI by demographic characteristics and job-related characteristics using significance tests. Also, we estimated the relationship among demographic characteristics, job-related characteristics, job stress and psychosocial stress, using correlation analysis. As a results, all workers were found to be in a group under the high risky stress. It showed that the scale index of female's job non-autonomy and pwi were much larger than those of male's. Therefore, to guarantee job autonomy of female workers should be more emphasized, to improve their working environment. Job type had significant relationships with many job stress category; physical environment, job demand, job instability and organization culture. Regarding pwi, the scale index of the workers who is in charge of the civil service such as contacting the disabled and the aged in person, were much larger than that of the other workers. Accordingly, the job stress management program including physical environment, job demand, job instability and organization culture, should be suggested, to decrease the stress of the workers in charge of the disabled and the elders service. The strongest predictors of pwi was organization system through maximum positive relations between organization system and pwi. Therefore, it indicates that improvement of organization system such as a fair merit rating, a manpower supply, demand plan and department cooperation is urgently needed to reduce pwi.

본 논문은 경전철 건설로 인한 도심의 경관훼손 저감 및 쾌적한 가로경관을 위한 교량하부녹화방안을 제시하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 연구의 대상지는 대구광역시 도시철도 3호선이 건설되는 구간이며, 고층아파트 및 상업시설이 밀집된 지역을 사례지로선정하였다. 교량하부 녹화방식 을 유형화한 뒤, 유형별 선호도의 차이와 시각적 이미지를 평가하고자 3차원 시뮬레이션을 사용하여 각 장면을 제작 하였으며, 경관형용사를 이용하여 설문평가를 실시하였 다. 분석결과, 화목열식유형의 선호도가 가장 높게 평가되 었으며, 교량경관에 대한 선호도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 조화성인 것으로 나타났다. 이는 교량하부의 효율 적인 녹화계획을 위한 기반을 마련하는데 중요한 기초자 료가 될 것으로 판단된다.

This study was carried out to analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and general characteristics, psychological factors, eating habits, dietary behaviors, and health related quality of life using survey of 335 women aged 20 to 29 years in the Seoul and Kyungin areas. The 335 study subjects were divided into 4 groups by BMI (㎏/㎡) levels; normal group(18.5≤BMI≤22.9), overweight group(23.0≤BMI≤24.9), mild obesity group(25.0≤BMI≤29.9), and heavy obesity group (BMI≥30) by Asian-Pacific obesity index criteria. The family income of the heavy obesity group was significantly (p<0.05) less than that of the normal weight group. Psychological factors, such as stress and depression of the normal weight group tended to be higher than those of overweight and obesity groups. The higher BMI level had the lower self-efficacy(p<0.05) among all subjects. As the BMI level increased, the preference for sweet, salty, and hot taste was significantly high. We found that normal weight women had healthier eating habits and dietary behaviors and a higher level of health-related quality of life than did those who were overweight, mildly obese, and heavily obese women. Overweight and mildly and heavily obese women were strongly associated with decreased physical and mental health related quality of life. Therefore, weight loss is desirable, and is likely to be beneficial for health-related quality of life in obese adult women. In conclusion, this study contains evidence to suggest that obesity management programs including different strategies according to obesity are required to determine the types of programs that are suitable for adult women, prior to their initiation of a program. The findings are helpful to inform researchers and practitioners who are seeking to implement appropriate strategies to create positive changes in the health behaviors of obese adult women.

The purpose of this study was to compare the exposure levels to emotional labor, occupational and socio-psychological stress, and fatigue for workers engaged in the fields of beauty business (make-up, skin, nail, and hair). For this purpose, a survey was carried out and a statistical analysis was performed for 813 persons As a result, emotional labor was found to be linked with 3 factors of emotional control, emotional dissonance, and positive emotional expression. The exposure level of emotional control was found to be high in the area of hair care and that of positive emotional expression was high in the area of nail care. Based on evaluation of Occupational Stress Scale(KOSS), the stress were found to be highest among workers engaged in the field of make-up and lowest among those in the field of nail. The exposure level of psychosocial stress was found to be the highest in the area of make-up and the lowest in the area of nail care. The exposure level of fatigue was found to be the highest in the area of make-up and the lowest in the area of nail care, showing a difference in the exposure level of stress by area of beauty business. The study confirmed that there is a difference in the exposure level related to emotional labor, job stress, psychosocial stress, and fatigue by area of beauty business.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between pain intensity, physical impairments, disability, and psychological factors according to the difference in duration of low back pain. This study was a cross-sectional survey of 102 participants with low back pain, divided into two groups equal in number: The first group consisted of patients with acute and subacute low back pain, while the second group consisted of patients suffering from chronic low back pain. The results showed that gender, age, pain intensity, physical impairment, disability and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs (FABs) for work activities were not significantly different between two groups. FABs for physical activities of the first group were significantly more prevalent than in the second group. More than moderate correlations were found between pain intensity, physical impairment, and disability in the first group. Less than moderate correlations were found between pain intensity, physical impairment, disability, FABs, and depression in the second group. These findings suggest that we must consider psychological factors in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain. Regression analyses revealed that pain intensity and FABs for work activities significantly contributed to the prediction of disability in the first group. Also, pain intensity and FABs for physical activities significantly contributed to the prediction of disability in the second group. Pain intensity was most important predictor of disability in two groups.

This study analyzed consumer attitude, habit strength, subjective norm, a pros evaluation, and intention to consume to estimate perceptible variables that affect apple consumption. Data were collected from 207 men and women through a selfadministrated questionnaire. A partial least squares regression was conducted as one of structural equation models to estimate and test hypotheses. The results showed that attitude, habit strength, and the pros evaluation affected the intention to consume apples, and that the intention increased apple consumption. The results also showed that some marketing strategies are needed to promote apple consumption and to make consumers change their intention, to develop habits for eating apples by changing their diets, and to impress upon them that apples are good for health. This can be interpreted as meaning that it is most important to understand consumer behavior, particularly consumer psychology, which is reflected in the recent trend of marketing that concentrates on meeting the consumer's needs rather than the producer's.

본 연구에서는 교도소 수형자의 심리적 요인과 시설내 적응태도의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 또한 성별, 전과력 및 범죄유형에 따라 심리적 요인과 시설 내 적응태도에서 각각 집단 간 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 국내의 3개 교도소에 수감 중인 초범 및 재범의 성인 남녀 수형자에게 질문지를 실시하였고 407명의 응답자료를 토대로 통계분석을 하였다. 분석 결과 자아존중감, 내적통제성 및 사회적 지지의 지각은 각각 교도관에 대한 태도, 준법 태도 및 수형생활 자기 긍정도와 정적상관이 유의하였다. 분노는 시설내 적응태도 네 가지 하위변인들과 각각 부적 상관이 유의하였다. 또한 심리적 요인들을 수형자의 성차, 전과력 및 범죄유형별로 차이 분석한 결과, 분노수준은 남자가 여자보다 유의하게 더 높았고, 내적통제성과 사회적 지지의 지각은 여자가 유의 하게 더 높았다. 전과력별 차이검증 결과에서는, 분노수준은 초범보다 재범이 더 높았고, 자아존중감, 내적통제성 및 사회적 지지의 지각은 모두 초범이 더 높았다. 범죄유형에 따라서는 강력범의 분노수준이 재산범보다 유의하게 더 높았 다. 성별, 전과력 및 범죄유형별 시설내 적응태도의 차이 분석 결과에서는, 시설 내 적응태도의 4가지 하위요인 모두에서 여성이 남성보다, 초범이 재범보다 점수가 유의하게 더 높았다. 이러한 결과로부터 특히 남자수형자, 재범, 강력범 수 형자들에 대한 분노조절 및 사회적 지지와 내적 통제의 강화에 대한 필요성이 논의되었다.

In this study, the effects of psychosocial stress (box color and precision demand) on muscle activity were evaluated in laboratory setting. Eight subjects performed sagittally symmetric lifting tasks. Box color (yellow, black), precision demand (yes, no), and box weight (5%MVC, 10%MVC, 15 %MVC) were varied and surface EMG signals from seven muscles(medial deltoid right, biceps brachii right, lateral triceps right, latissimus dorsi right, erector spinae right, external oblique right, internal oblique right) were recorded. EMG signals were band-pass filtered(10~400 Hz), rectified, RMS smoothed and normalized (NEMG). Analysis of variance tests were conducted on the total NEMG (TNEMG: the sum of the seven muscles' NEMGs) and on the individual muscle's NEMGs. Box color had no effect on the TNEMG and on the seven muscles activities(p〉0.05). When precision demand was required at the end point of lifts, the mean NEMG showed higher values than no precision demand conditions: TNEMG (14% increase) and medial deltoid(40% increase), biceps brachii(10% increase), lateral triceps(26% increase), latissimus dorsi(25% increase) muscles. Those increases showed more conspicuous as the box weight increased in the muscles of medial deltoid, lateral triceps, and latissimus dorsi.

The psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) have been one of major health problems for hospital workers. This study tried to understand the relationship between symptoms associated with MSDs and risk factors such as working posture, job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. A total number of 655 hospital workers participated in this study. Specifically, REBA was applied for evaluating working posture and a checklist prepared by KOSHA(Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency) was used for symptom survey. A questionnaire from KOSHA was also used for collecting data associated with job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. All these data were formulated and modeled by path analysis which was one of major statistical tools in this study. Specifically, path analysis for the data we collected came up with several major findings. The risk scores from working posture based on REBA had indirect effects via fatigue factor(MFS) as well as direct effects on symptoms. The factors associated with job stress (KOSS) and psychosocial stress(PWI-SF) had significant effects on symptoms. Specifically, indirect effect of job stress factors via fatigue factors(MFS) had bigger than that of direct effect of job stress on symptom.

The psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) have been one of major health problems for hospital workers. This study tried to understand the relationship between symptoms associated with MSDs and risk factors such as working posture, job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. A total number of 655 hospital workers participated in this study. Specifically, REBA was applied for evaluating working posture and a checklist prepared by KOSHA(Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency) was used for symptom survey. A questionnaire from KOSHA was also used for collecting data associated with job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. All these data were formulated and modeled by path analysis which was one of major statistical tools in this study. Specifically, path analysis for the data we collected came up with several major findings. The risk scores from working posture based on REBA had indirect effects via fatigue factor(MFS) as well as direct effects on symptoms. The factors associated with job stress(KOSS) and psychosocial stress(PWI-SF) had significant effects on symptoms. Specifically, indirect effect of job stress factors via fatigue factors(MFS) had bigger than that of direct effect of job stress on symptom.

게이머가 얼마나 잘 경기에 집중하는가의 문제는 경기에 승리하기 위한 중요한 요소이다. 이는 난관이나 장애물에도 불구하고 목표를 추구해 나가기 위해 필요한 자기 조절의 핵심이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 프로게이머의 주의집중력에 관련된 인지, 정서, 동기 및 성격 등의 심리적 변인들을 알아보는 것이었다. 연구 결과 주의력 조절 기능은 인지 유형이나 정서와 관련성은 없었고, 보상 민감성이나 추동 등의 동기 요인, 그리고 외향적 성격과 개방성 등의 성격 요인들과 관련이 있었다.