본 연구의 목적은 직장인의 의복과 메이크업 컬러 선택 동기가 외모 만족도와 자아존중감에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 본 연구의 조사대상자는 충청도 지역 소재지에 근무하는 직장여성 을 대상으로 하여 2023년 7월 15부터 2023년 7월 29일까지 2주간 이루어졌으며, 표집 된 696부를 최 종 분석에 사용하였다. 분석방법은 SPSS 26.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, (one-way)ANOVA, 사후검증(Scheffe’s)을 처리하였으며, 직장인의 의복과 메이크업컬러 선택 동기의 상 관성을 알아 보기위해 상관관계분석 및 단순회귀분석(simple regression), 다중회귀분석(multiple regression)을 실시하였으며, 통계적 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하였다. 이와 같은 연구 절차를 거처 다음 과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 직장인의 의복 컬러 선택 동기가 외모 만족도에 정적(+) 영향을 미치 는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직장인의 메이크업 컬러 선택 동기가 외모만족에는 정적(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 신체매력은 상황요인에서 정적(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 직장인의 의복 컬러 선택 동가가 자아존중감에 정적(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 직장인의 메이크업 컬러 선택 동기가 자아존중감에 정적(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

The study aimed to investigate the factors influencing genderless fashion preferences. The questionnaires were collected from men and women participants aged 20 to 49 living in Seoul City and Gyeonggi Province. Data analysis involved factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The findings revealed that genderless fashion preference comprised four factors, namely individuality pursuit, deviation from norms, fashion pursuit, and social recognition pursuit. Self-esteem encompassed two factors positive self-esteem, and negative self-esteem. while sociocultural attitude toward appearance consisted internalization, and awareness. Second, positive self-esteem significantly influenced individuality pursuit and deviation from norms in genderless preference factors. Third, sociocultural attitude toward appearance had a significant effect on genderless fashion preference, with awareness particularly exerting a significant effect on individuality pursuit, fashion pursuit, and social recognition pursuit. Fourth, genderless fashion preferences exhibited differences based on gender role identity in factors such as individual pursuit, norm avoidance, and trend pursuit. Lastly, demographic characteristics such as age, education, occupation, and monthly income revealed significant differences in genderless fashion preferences. From the results of the study, it was found that consumers perceived individuality pursuit, fashion pursuit, and social recognition pursuit as important influencing factors of genderless fashion preferences. In addition, it is necessary to create an independent brand identity by developing various items to express consumers’ individuality, differentiated brand concepts from other brands, and store displays.

Image-oriented information is becoming increasingly important on social networking services (SNS); the background of this trend is the popularity of selfies. Currently, camera applications using augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are gaining traction. An AR camera app is a smartphone application that converts selfies into various interesting forms using filters. In this study, we investigated the change of keywords according to the time flow of selfies in Goolgle News articles through semantic network analysis. Additionally, we examined the effects of using an AR camera app on appearance satisfaction and self-esteem when taking a selfie. Semantic network analysis revealed that in 2013, postings of specific people were the most prominent selfie-related keywords. In 2019, keywords appeared regarding the launch of a new smartphone with a rear-facing camera for selfies; in 2020, keywords related to communication through selfies appeared. As a result of examining the effect of the degree of use of the AR camera app on appearance satisfaction, it was found that the higher the degree of use, the higher the user’s interest in appearance. As a result of examining the effect of the degree of use of the AR camera app on self-esteem, it was found that the higher the degree of use, the higher the user’s negative self-esteem.

Society’s emphasis on a thin body ideal may intensify an individual’s negative perceptions of fatness. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between sociocultural attitudes toward appearance (awareness and internalization of the female ideal) and anti-fat attitudes among middle-aged Korean women. In addition, the aim was to examine whether the body internalization of female ideals was a mediator in the proposed model. Participants included a sample of 264 middle-aged Korean women who completed a series of measures online. The following information was collected through online questionnaires: awareness and internalization of the female ideal, attitudes toward fat, body weight perception, and demographics. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. The measurement model and the structural model testing provided an acceptable fit to the data, and all proposed pathways in the research model were statistically significant. Awareness of the female ideal was significantly and positively associated with internalization, and it significantly and positively predicted both constructs of anti-fat attitudes. Additionally, awareness of the female ideal was significantly and positively indirectly associated with attitudes toward fat peopledislike and willpower mediated by internalization. Overall, these findings suggest that society’s emphasis on female appearance and a thin body can ultimately result in significant stigmatization of overweight/obese individuals. This study emphasizes the importance of establishing a healthy appearance standard to reduce anti-fat prejudice.

본 연구는 여성 소비자의 외모만족도가 아이 메이크업 관심도 및 메이크업 관리행동에 미치는 영향을 검증하고, 아이 메이크업 화장품 시장에서의 마케팅 전략 수립 및 화장품 개발의 기초 자료를 제공 하고자 하였다. 수도권 지역의 20-50대 여성을 대상으로 399부의 자료를 최종 분석하여 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 일반적 특성에 따른 외모만족도, 아이 메이크업 관심도, 아이 메이크업 관리행동에서는 각 요 인에 따라 차이가 나타났으나, 아이 메이크업에 대한 관심은 자신에 대한 관리로부터 시작되며 유행을 따 르는 것에 관심을 가지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 외모만족도가 아이 메이크업 관심도에 미치는 영향에서 는 이목구비에 대한 외모만족도가 높을수록 아이 메이크업 관심도가 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 외모만족도가 아이 메이크업 관리행동에 미치는 영향에서는 피부상태에 대한 외모만족도가 높을수록 유행선도형 메이크 업 관리행동이 높게 나타났다. 결론적으로 외모만족도가 높을수록 아이 메이크업 관심도가 높아지고 메이 크업 관리행동에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.

This study aimed to investigate the association between interest in beauty care and dietary behaviors of 581 (analysis rate 96.0%) high school girls in Incheon using a survey done in May 2019. Based on the degree of interest in beauty care, subjects were classified as “Beauty care group (n=346)”, and "Non-beauty care group (n=235)”. The mean age of the subjects was 16.5 years old. The beauty care group had significantly lower BMI than the non-beauty care group (p<0.01). The beauty care group showed a significantly higher interest in weight control than the non-beauty care group (p<0.001). The most time-consuming preschool morning activity in the beauty care group was beauty care, while that of the non-beauty care group was eating breakfast (p<0.001). The beauty care group had significantly higher frequency of exercise than the non-beauty care group (p<0.05). The number of individuals who skipped breakfast was significantly higher in the beauty care group. In addition, the beauty care group had a significantly higher frequency of taking morning snack, convenience food (p<0.01), sweet snacks (p<0.05), and processed beverages (p<0.05) than the non-beauty care group. Our result findings provide important information on the priority groups for nutrition education based on beauty care interest.

The purpose of this study is to first examine the relationship between appearanceenhancing beauty practices and feminism, and secondly, to analyze public images of contemporary women using this paradigm. Through the lens of this relationship, we present a literature review and empirical research focusing on the evolution of public image trends among girl groups, with special attention to the Refund Sisters, a South Korean supergroup currently drawing mainstream attention as female icons. The scope of analysis includes girl groups dating from the 1990’s to the year 2020 and photos of the Refund Sisters. Our results indicate that firstly, free sexual expression is evident based on active use of sexuality; images contain bold demonstrations of females desire, expressions previously considered taboo. Secondly, we note deviations from more standardized female images, unique adornment of outward appearance, and rejection of normative female images through freer forms of self-presentation. Lastly, there is greater cultural and racial diversity, rejection of modern race and gender binaries, and increased representation of queer identities. However, the relationship between appearance-enhancing beauty practices and feminism is sometimes considered paradoxical, with some arguing that beautifying one’s outward appearance is a compulsory strategy and that it should be rejected in order to resist aesthetic pressure.

The aims of this study are to explore the experiences of modern Korean women who experience childbirth and to examine the perceptions of body and appearance in everyday life and how fashion provides a means of self-expression. The study utilizes focused ethnography (a qualitative research method) of cultural technology magazines, conducted to observe women’s behavior and language, and to explore their life values, such as beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors in fashion style in everyday life. The purpose of this study is to reveal the actual meaning of childbirth, the resulting change in appearance, and patterns of specific style expression. This will enable a better understanding of the experiences of married women with children in Korea using vivid language, by which an in-depth understanding of their lives may be promoted. A survey of 24 women (aged 25~40) who had experienced pregnancy and childbirth were included in the study, categorized as early pregnancy, pre-birth, and post-birth parenting. Subcategories were derived as “unfeasible pregnancy,” “unpredictable and unprepared anxiety,” “self-awareness of changing bodies,” “pressure on healthy bodies,” “opportunity to let go of pressure on appearance management,” “pressure on hard parenting,” and “experience of change in unmanaged areas.” Pregnant women and women with children demonstrated tastes and preferences in style suitable for differentiated situations and roles, along with perceptions of appearance.

본 연구는 대학생의 외모만족도와 대학생활적응능력이 자아존중감에 미치는 영향을 연구하여 대학생 스스로 지각하는 외모에 대한 만족도를 증가시킬 수 있는 자기인식에 관련한 상담 및 교육프로그램을 개발하는 자료로 활용되어 대학생의 원만한 학교생활적응에 긍정적인 영향을 미치기 위해 실시되었다. 연구의 대상자는 충청지역 대학생 228명으로, 본 연구를 위한 자료의 수집은 2018년 9월5일부터 9월 20일 까지였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Statistics 23.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 전산처리 하였다. 연구결과, 변수들 간의 상관관계를 보였고, 대학생의 자아존중감은 외모만족도, 대학생활 적응, 외모에 대한 자가 평가 및 외모로 인해 이득을 봤던 경험에 의해 영향을 받는 것이 확인되었으며, 그 중에서도 외모에 대한 자가 평가가 매우 만족일 때 가장 영향력이 컸다. 따라서 대학생의 자아 존중감을 높이기 위해 외모만족도에 대한 자가 평가를 높이고 긍정적인 자기인식을 고려한 프로그램 개발 및 상담프로그램이 필요하다.

Most people seek a happy life and happiness positively affects sentiment, satisfaction with life, creativity, human relationship, business productivity, and even health and life extension. However, according to a survey in 2013, subjective happiness of adolescents (including university students) was very low compared to other age groups in Korea. Therefore this paper examined the effects of job-seeking stress, appearance recognition, financial situation, trust in government, and locus of control on university students' happiness using SEM (structural equation modeling). 207 university students in Seoul, Korea have been surveyed. At first, an initial experimental SEM model among these variables has been set up and reliability analysis has been conducted. Then multiple regression analyses on job-seeking stress and happiness as well as SEM analysis have been conducted. As a result of these analyses, the SEM model has been revised two times. The final SEM model passed the goodness-of-fit test (using RMR, GFI, NFI, CFI, and IFI indices). The final SEM model showed the followings. First, Higher job-seeking stress (especially sentimental part, rather than environment or action related parts) negatively affects happiness. Second, Trust in government also affects happiness both directly and indirectly. Third, Locus of control is affected both by trust in government and financial situation. Fourth, appearance recognition heavily affects job-seeking stress. In addition, appearance importance is higher than appearance interest, meaning that students who are not very interested in appearance usually recognize the importance of appearance. Finally, happiness is affected neither financial situation nor appearance recognition. Therefore, even either they are in a poor financial situation or not happy with their appearance, they can be happy if they have firm locus of control.

본 연구는 부모의 혈통정보를 모두 아는 혈통 및 고등등록우로 등록된 한우 암소 25,516두의 선형 및 외모심사형질에 대해 유전모수를 추정하였다. 각 심사형질에 영향을 주는 것으로 판단되는 주요인을 선 정하여 다형질 개체모형에 적용하여 EM-REML 알고리즘 분석방법을 통해 각 형질에 대한 유전력과 유 전상관과 표현형상관을 추정하였다. 한우 암소의 17개 선형심사형질 및 10개 외모심사형질(종합점수 포 함)의 유전력 추정치의 범위는 0.03(유두배열)에서 0.42(체장)까지로 추정되었다. 체고, 체장, 강건성, 체심, 윤곽성, 정강이두께, 피모의 색, 엉덩이기울기, 고장, 좌골폭, 넓적다리의 두께, 유방용적, 유두길 이, 유두배열, 발굽기울기, 뒷다리 비절기울기, 뒤에서 본 뒷다리자세, 체적․균형, 자질․품위, 머리․목, 전구, 중구, 엉덩이, 넓적다리, 유기, 지제보양 및 종합점수의 유전력은 각각 0.4, 0.42, 0.27, 0.25, 0.06, 0.14, 0.22, 0.31, 0.19, 0.17, 0.29, 0.04, 0.07, 0.02, 0.11, 0.03, 0.16, 0.27, 0.08, 0.15, 0.14, 0.14, 0.19, 0.16, 0.05, 0.08 및 0.3으로 추정되었다. 한편, 다형질개체모형에 의해 추정된 17개 선형심사형질과 종합점수에 대한 유전상관추정 결과는 다음과 같다. 고장과 좌골폭간에 0.96의 가장 강 한 양(+)의 유전적 관계를 나타내었다. 반면 발굽기울기와 뒷다리 비절기울기간에는 -0.57의 가장 큰 음(-)의 유전상관을 보였다. 전체외모 형질인 체고, 체장, 간겅성 및 체심은 각 형질간에, 그리고 기타 형 질들과 강한 양(+)의 유전상관관계를 나타내었다. 특히 체고 및 체심과 고장 및 좌골폭간에 높은 양(+)의 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 체고와 엉덩이기울기간에는 0.32의 양(+)의 상관을 나타내었다.

The purpose of this study was to identify the moderating effects of internet shopping experience on appearance management in elder people, psychological adaptation and social connectedness. Data were collected from 257 elder people who living in Seoul or Gyeonggi-do. Collected data were analyzed by frequency, descriptive statistic analysis, moderated stepwise regression. The results of the study were as follows: First, appearance management of elder people was significantly related to psychological adaptation and social connectedness. Second, internet shopping experience moderated between appearance management and social connectedness. Third, internet shopping experience is not a moderator variable on between appearance management and psychological adaptation, it just was a influential factor on psychological adaptation. Based on these results, it suggests that there are strong needs of approaching of practical and political interventions to development internet shopping system for social connectedness and psychological adaptation of the elderly in future aging society.

In this study, causes and consequences of bullying were explored, focusing on victim personality and appearance factors. The research model included the relationships among bullying, important causes of bullying (aggression, cleanliness, and obesity of victims) and consequences of bullying (self-esteem and depression) and was tested through survey data from 594 (194 male and 404 female) middle school students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and path analysis with SPSS and AMOS. In the results of the model tests, victims who are more aggressive, less clean, and more overweight are more likely to be bullied. In addition, adolescents bullied by others tend to have lower self-esteem and more depression. Furthermore, the model comparison was assessed by gender and a difference between the two gender models was found. In the check of critical ratio for difference, it was concluded that the cleanliness of the victim is a more important cause of bullying for male adolescents than for female adolescents. It is meaningful to confirm the effects of the victim’s appearance factors on bullying in the literature focusing on personality issues of victims. Educators and counselors may refer to the findings in developing counseling guidelines and manuals to prevent bullying in school.

연예인들은 항상 대중들에게 젊고 아름다운 외모와 모습을 보여야 한다는 스트레스를 경험하며, 이러한 스트레스는 불안과 우울을 거쳐 자살생각에 영향을 미친다. 연예인의 직업적 특성과 심리과정을 설명할 수 있는 것이 공적 자의식이다. 공적 자의식은 남에게 보이는 외적 자기에 집중하는 것으로, 대인 불안에 영향을 주고, 내적으로 자신을 과도하게 억압시켜 부정적인 정서를 높인다. 이와 같은 측면에서 공적 자의식은 항상 좋은 모습을 보이기 위한 연예인의 정서 및 심리과정을 보여준다고 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 문헌연구와 사례분석을 통해 연예인들의 외모관리 행동을 공적 자의식이라는 심리적 기제를 통해 살펴보고, 이를 통해 연예인들의 불안과 스트레스, 자살생각을 이해하고 예방할 수 있는 방향을 모색하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in female college students' sociocultural attitude toward appearance and pursuit of clothing benefits according to their narcissism. Data collection was conducted through survey for female college students, and a total 221 questionnaires were used for data analyses. For analysis of data, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and one-way ANOVA were applied. The results were summarized as follows. First, the factor analysis on narcissism resulted in two dimensional structures: self-initiated and other-dependent narcissism. The respondents were categorized into four narcissism groups, such as compositive, self-initiated, other-dependent, and withdrawn narcissism groups. Second, the factor analysis on sociocultural attitude toward appearance resulted in two dimensional structures: internalization and awareness. Five dimensions of pursuit of clothing benefits were identified: individuality, self-expression, fashion, comfort, and social recognition pursuit. Third, there were significant differences among the categorized narcissism groups in sociocultural attitude toward appearance and pursuit of clothing benefits. The results confirm that narcissism has an impact on sociocultural attitude toward appearance and pursuit of clothing benefits. It is expected that this study provides insight for apparel makers or retailers to develop their marketing strategies.

The purpose of this study was to investigate male adult' appearance management behavior according to objectified body consciousness. The subjects were 648 male adults aged from 20 to 59 and measuring instruments consisted of objectified body consciousness, appearance management behavior, and subjects' demographics attributions. The data were analyzed by Cronbach's α, factor analysis, cluster analysis, multiple response analysis, cross tabs analysis, χ2 test, and t-test. The results were as follows. First, 3 dimensions (body shame, body surveillance, and control belief) were emerged on objectified body consciousness, and subjects were divided into 2 groups (objectified group, and non-objectified group) by this variable. Second, male adults were deeply aware of the need of appearance management, and showed the high level of intention to perform appearance management behavior. Third, objectified group showed much more active appearance management behavior than non-objectified group. This results concluded that objectified body consciousness is a very useful variable to understand male adult' appearance management behavior.

This study aimed to investigates the effects of self-assertiveness and appearance satisfaction on psychological well-being (personal growth, purpose in life, self acceptance, environmental mastery, autonomy and interpersonal relations), and find out if there exists any causal relationship among each variable in the process. For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated from April 23 to May 13, 2012 in the city of Gwangju, Korea. The subjects were women in their twenties and thirties. 359 women responded to it. The results were as follows. First, overall self assertiveness had positive effects on appearance satisfaction which, in turn, turned out to have overall positive effects. Second, the overall effects of self assertiveness on psychological well-being turned out to have positive effects. Third, overall appearance satisfaction had positive effects on psychological well being. Forth, the effects that self assertiveness had on psychological well-being mediated appearance satisfaction and appeared to be partly insignificant. The implications and the direction of this research should be discussed in the future study so that it can improve personal psychological well-being by finding out other variables aside from self assertiveness, appearance satisfaction.