본 연구에서는 텐셀 자카드 직물에 은행나무 추출물(ginkgo biloba extract)과 실리콘 유연제(silicon softener)를 처리 할 때 실리콘유연제를 동시에 처리하는 방법과 은행나무추출액 처리하고 난 후에 다른 bath에서 실리콘유연제를 연속적으로 처리하는 방법 중 어느 것이 더 촉감이나 선호도에 더 영향을 주는지를 찾아내고자 하였다. 따라서 텐셀 자카드 직물에 은행나무추출액과 실리콘유연제를 처리하여 KES-FB system을 통하여 역학적 특성 및 객관적 태의 변화를 살펴보고, 침장용 직물이 가지는 개별 감각 및 종합 감각의 주관적 감성을 평가하였다. 이밖에도 침장용 직물에서 중요하게 여겨지는 소비자의 개별감각 요소를 평가하여 침장용 직물개발의 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 텐셀 자카드 직물에 은행나무추출액과 실리콘유연제를 처리하게 되면 인장특성인 EM, WT, RT는 증가하여 신축성이 있고 형태안정성이 좋아지며, 인장특성 전단특성이 감소하여 유연성이 증가하고, 무게와 두께가 증가로 부피감이 커져, THV는 증가하였다. 주관적 감성 평가 결과 개별감각 중 부드러움, 따뜻함, 탄력감, 부피감은 증가하고 거침은 감소하는 것으로 평가하였다. 또한 부드러움, 부피감, 따듯함을 침장용 직물이 갖는 중요한 개별감각 요소로 평가하였다. 은행나무추출액과 실리콘유연제를 처리할 경우 촉감이 좋아지고 선호도가 높아지는 것으로 평가되었다.

폐타이어 고무분말은 도로 유지 및 보수제로 아스팔트 바인더의 개질제로 사용되고 있다. 도로보수제인 폐타이어 고무분말 개질 아스팔트 (crumb rubber modified asphalt, CRMA) 실란트에 필요한 접착특성은 저온에서 아스팔트 바인더의 취성과 접착파괴특성 때문에 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 저온에서 CRMAs의 개질제로서 유연제의 영향을 조사하였다. 저온에서 CRMAs의 특성은 침입도, 연화점, 인장 및 인장접착시험을 통하여 측정하였다. 유연제를 도입한 CRMAs에서 CR과 아스팔트바인더의 연성변형이 증가함에 따라 인장접착강도와 변형률이 증가하였다. 저온영역에서 CRMAs의 인장특성과 접착특성은 유연제의 함량이 중요한 요소임을 발견하였다.

본 연구는 섬유유연제 선택기준으로 중요하다고 인식하고 있는 향에 대한 주관적 선호도와 감성구조를 분석하였다. 이를 위해서 서로 다른 향을 가진 섬유유연제 12종을 선정하여 일차적으로 선호도를 3단계로 평가하도록 하였고, 각 단계별로 빈도가 가장 많은 향을 2종씩 골라서 최종 6종의 향(후리지아, 블루비앙카, 바이올렛, 허브, 그린티, 피치)이 함유된 섬유유연제를 선정하여 남녀 대학생을 대상으로 주관적 선호도를 조사하였다. 주관적 선호도에서 가장 선호된 향과 가장 선호하지 않은 향 두 종류에 대해서 감성을 평가시켰다. 그 결과 가장 선호하는 섬유유연제 향은 후리지아 향이었고 피치 향은 가장 선호하지 않는 향이었는데, 선호하는 향의 순서와 선호도는 성별에 따라 부분적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 후리지아 향과 피치 향의 감성구조는 다르게 평가되었다.

An emulsion of octadecamidoethylaminoethyl dodecate (which provides softness) and an emulsion silicone oil KF-96 (which provides lubricity) were separately synthesized. Then PP finishing softeners (SSA-7) was prepared by blending of the synthesized emulsions with beef tallow hardened oil (a softness improving agent). PP finishing treatment was carried out with the prepared SSA-7 and PP finishing resin by a one bath method, and several physical properties were tested. As a result, crease recovery, tear strength, softness, lubricity, and bending resistance were all good, indicating that the prepared SSA-7 is a good PP finishing softener.

Organic acid salt of fatty polyamide (DDDT) and acrylate of fatty carbamide (DDTCA) were synthesized as a main component for the softener. O/W type non-ionic softener (NSC) was prepared by blending DDDT and DDTCA with beef tallow, lanolin anhydride. polyoxyethylene(7) stearyl ether, and polyoxyethylene(50) oleyl ether. After treatment of NSC to all cotton fabrics, the physical properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, and flexing abrasion resistance were measured. As a result of the measurement, NSC was proved to be durable non-ionic softener with good softness.

In order to prepare a softener, alkyl imidazoline salt, fatty carbamide salt, and fatty polyamide salt were synthesized first, and then the synthesized salts were blended. The prepared softeners were applied to acrylic fibers, and then several properties were tested. As a result, the prepared softeners show good softening and lubricating properties, and they also show a little antistatic property. Through bending resistance tests and measurements of feeling change of acrylic fibers treated with the softeners, it was proved that the prepared softeners are durable softeners.

Fatty polyamide that gives softness, lubrication and bulky property and alkyl imidazoline that gives durable softness and antistatic property were synthesized. then, an O/W-type durable softener (DSN) was prepared by the emulsion of the synthesized fatty polyamide and alkyl imidazoline. Emulsion stability of the DSN was good, and the mixed HLB value was 11.2. From the measurement of softness, lubrication, antistatic property, bending resistance, and color fastness, it was proved that the prepared DSN was a good durable softener for nylon.

A silicone softner (SS-5), a permanent press (PP) finish, was prepared by blending silicone oil KF-96 (as a lubricating component) and beef tallow hardened oil (as a softening component) which was synthesized from fatty polyamide salts. The prepared SS-5 and the PP finishing resin were applied to PP finishing cotton cloth and P/C gingham sample by one-bath method. The properties such as crease recovery, tear strength, and bending resistance were tested. The samples treated with SS-5 and PP finishing resin showed improved properties when comparing with the untreated ones, with the ones treated only with PP finishing resin, with ones treated with commercial PP finishing softners and PP finishing resin. The grades of fabric samples treated with 3% SS-5 were fifth grade in the bending resistance test.

To prepare a O/W type nonionic durable softner(ANSA), synthesized 1, 3-dihexadanoyl-2, 7-dioxy-6, 8-di(2-hexadecanoyloxyethyl)-1, 3, 6, 8-tetraazacyclodecane as the main component of softner, was blended with beef tallow, anhydrous lanolin, polyoxyethylene(20) oleyl ether, sorbitan sesquioleate, and polyoxyethylene(7) stearyl ether in various compositions. Emulsion stability of ANSA was good, and the mixed HLB value was 9.8. After the treatment of ANSA to all cotton fabrics, the physical properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, and flexing abrasion resistance were measured, respectively. As a result of the measurement, ANSA was proved to be durable softner with good softness.

Lubricating softner(SOS-2) for permanent press(PP) finish was prepared by blending water, beef tallow hardened oil for improving softness, and the emulsion which was synthesized from N-hexadecanoyl-N,N'-bis(2-hexadecamidoethyl)amine as a softening component and silicone oil KF-96 as a lubricating component. The prepared SOS-2 and the PP finishing resin were applied to PP finishing cotton broad cloth and P/C gingham samples using one bath method. The properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, bending resistance test were tested. The samples treated with SOS-2 and PP finishing resin have improved properties, compared with nontreated samples, those treated only with PP finishing resin, those treated with commercial PP finishing softners and PP finishing resin.

1, 3-Di(2-dodecanoylaminoethyl)-2, 7-dioxy-1, 3, 6, 8-tetraazacyclodecane[DDTD] and sorbitan monostearate(SMS) were synthesized as a main component for softner. O/W type softner(DSA) was prepared by blending of DSA, SMS, polyoxyethylene(10) castor oil, glyceryl monooleate, and polyoxyethylene(7) stearyl ether. After treatment of DSA to all cotton fabrics, the physical properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, and flexing abrasion resistance were measured. As a result of the measurement, DSA was found to be durable softner with good softness.

1, 3-Di(dodecanoyl)-2, 7-dioxy-6, 8-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-1, 3, 6, 8-tetraazacyclodecane(DDDT) and pentaerythritol monostearate(PMS) were synthesized as a main component for softner. O/W type softner(DPSA) was prepared by blending DDDT and PMS with polyoxyethylene(10) castor oil, polyoxyethylene(20) oleyl ether, and polyoxyethylene(10) monolaurate. After treatment of DPSA to all cotton fabrics, the physical properties such as tear strength, crease recovery, and flexing abrasion resistance were measured. As a result of the measurement, DPSA was proved to be durable softner with good softness.

To prepare a O/W type durable softner(OESA), octadecamidoethylaminoethyl dodecate and tetra (2-dodecamidoethyl) urea synthesized as the main components of softner, were blended with polyoxyethylene(20) oleyl ether, sorbitan sesquioleate, and polyoxyethylene(7) stearyl ether in various compositions. Emulsion stability of OESA was good, and mixed HLB value was 9.7, OESA was found was to be good durable softner for nylon through the examination of softness, lubriation, antistatic property, bending resistance, and color fastness.

Silicone softner(SSN-3) for permanent press(PP) finish was prepared by blending beef tallow hardened oil for Improving softness, water, the emulsion, which was synthesized from pentaerythritol monostearate as a softening component and silicone oil KF-96 as a lubricating component. The prepared SSN-3 and the PP finishing resin were applied to PP finishing cotton broad cloth and P/C gingham samples using one bath method. The properties such as crease recovery, tear strength, bending resistance test were tested. The samples treated with SSN-3 and PP finishing resin have improved properties, compared with nontreated samples, those treated only with PP finishing resin, those treated with commercial PP finishing softners and PP finishing resin. Also from the bending resistance test, the two kinds of fabric samples treated with SSN-3 of 3% showed grade 5 and these were good enough in feeling.

1,3-Di(2-octadecanoyl)-2,7-dioxy-l,3,6,8-tetra aza cyclodecane [DDTC] was synthesized by reacting octadecanoic acid, 2,2'-di-aminodiethyl amine with urea. O/W type softner (STA) was prepared by blending DDTC and pentaerithritol monostearate with polyoxysthylene (20) oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene (10) castor oil, and PEG #1000-lauric acid ester. Treating STA to all cotton fabrics, the physical properties, such as tear strength, crease recovery, flexing abrasion resistance, and so on were measured. Resulting the measurements, STA was found to be durable softner with softness.