PURPOSES : This study investigates the effects of three different three-color arrow traffic light operations on right-turn vehicles at intersections in Busan Metropolitan City. METHODS : Intersections in this study were categorized as general intersections (Type 1), intersections with right-turn pockets (Type 2), and intersections with scramble crosswalks (Type 3), and were investigated in terms of the efficiency (i.e., control delay) and safety (i.e., number of conflicts) of right-turn vehicles by employing VISSIM 2023 and SSAM3. RESULTS : From a mobility perspective (i.e., control delay), the protected/permitted operation outperformed the other two methods at the three types of intersections. The protected operation, similar to the results of the protected/permitted operation, was also superior to the permitted operation in terms of safety (i.e., number of conflicts). CONCLUSIONS : Protected/permitted operation has been proven to be a more efficient and safer measure than other operation methods for alleviating the problems of protected right-turn operation, which is currently implemented without three-color arrow traffic lights.

PURPOSES : We propose a framework to evaluate the reliability of integrating homogeneous or heterogeneous mobility data to produce the various data required for greenhouse gas emission estimation. METHODS : The mobility data used in the framework were collected at a fixed time from a specific point and were based on raster data. In general, the traffic volume for all traffic measurement points over 24 h can be considered raster data. In the future, the proposed framework can be applied to specific road points or road sections, depending on the presence or absence of raster data. RESULTS : The activity data required to calculate greenhouse gas emissions were derived from the mobility data analysis. With recent developments in information, communication, and artificial intelligence technologies, mobility data collected from different sources with the same collection purpose can be integrated to increase the reliability and accuracy of previously unknown or inaccurate information. CONCLUSIONS : This study will help assess the reliability of mobility data fusion as it is collected on the road, and will ultimately lead to more accurate estimates of greenhouse gas emissions.

본 연구의 목적은 보행로의 완충공간에 설치할 공유형 개인이동장치 주차구획을 합리적으로 설계하는 것이다. 공유형 개인이동장치 주차구획 설계를 위해 공유형 개인이동장치 주차구획의 주차형식별 규격과 주차용량을 산정하는 공식을 도출하였다. 본 연구의 방법 은 다음과 같다. 먼저 보행로 완충공간의 수직길이에 대한 기하학적 특성을 활용하는 것이다. 이를 바탕으로 공유형 개인이동장치 주 차구획의 수직길이에 대한 제약조건을 도출하였다. 다음으로 보행로 완충공간의 수평길이에 대한 기하학적 특성을 활용하는 것이다. 이를 바탕으로 공유형 개인이동장치 주차구획의 수평길이에 대한 제약조건을 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 보행로 완충 공간의 수직길이에 대한 공유형 개인이동장치 주차구획의 주차형식별 규격을 바탕으로 주차구획 설계공식을 도출하였다. 보행로 완충 공간의 수평길이에 대한 공유형 개인이동장치 주차구획의 용량을 바탕으로 주차구획 설계공식을 도출하였다. 본 연구는 연구결과를 바탕으로 보행로의 완충공간에 설치할 공유형 개인이동장치 주차구획에 대해 최적의 주차형식과 주차용량을 도출하였다.

본 연구는 8월에 한반도를 우회하며 동해상으로 빠져나간 2018년 제 19호 태풍 Soulik과 서해상으로 북진하여 통과한 2020년 제 8호 태풍 Bavi을 통해 태풍 유입 전‧후에 따른 한반도 해역별 수온 변동성을 분석하였다. 분석자료는 국립수산과학원 실시간 수온 자료와 수온관측소 근처 AWS의 바람자료 및 NOAA/AVHRR 위성 수온자료를 활용하였다. 분석 결과 이동경로가 다른 태풍이 한반도를 통과할때 동해에서는 풍속과 풍향에 따라 수온의 상승(북풍)과 하강(남풍)이 반복적으로 발생하였는데 특히 태풍 Soulik 유입 시 10 ℃ 안팎의 급격 한 수온 하강을 보였다. 서해는 태풍 Bavi의 중심부가 통과되면서 서해 일부 해역에서 수온이 상승되었고, 차가운 물덩어리가 존재했던 남 해 일부 해역에서도 태풍 Bavi의 이동으로 따뜻한 수온이 유입되어 평년 수온으로 회복된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 태풍 유입시 서해와 남해 는 지형적‧환경적 조건으로 인해 각 해역별 특성에 맞게 수온 변동이 다르게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 태풍으로 인한 한반도 해역별 수 온 변동을 해석함으로써 이상기후에 따른 양식 생물의 부정적인 영향을 최소화하고 해역별 수산재해의 피해대응 전략을 수립하는데 기여 할 것으로 사료된다.

In this study, we have developed a movable defect detection system based on a vision module with machine-learning algorithm for distinguishing product quality. Machine-learning model determined the results in good or no good through images acquired from the vision module consisting of a camera, processor unit, and lighting. To ensure versatility for use in a variety of settings, we have integrated a robot arm and cart for the movable defect detection system, and the robot arm that adjusts the focus length is made to be able to rotate in all directions. The type of defect was divided into eccentricity defect and printing defect. As a result, it was confirmed that classification accuracy showed 0.9901 in our developed device.

PURPOSES : This study is to analyze factors affecting improper parking behaviors in a perspective of personal mobility users. Detailed purposes are as follows. Firstly, exogenous and endogenous latent variables were set. Secondly, structural equation model were constructed. Hypothesis for the structural equation model were established. Then model’s goodness of fit was analyzed and following the result model was modified. Lastly, factors affecting improper personal mobility parking behavior was found out. METHODS : Based on the literature review, exogenous and endogenous latent variables were set. Correlation between latent variables and their observed variables was defined to build structural equation model. According to the model hypothesis was established. In order to collect data, survey was conducted on personal mobility users. Model’s goodness fit was verified and the model was modified. Lastly in order to find out the factors affecting improper personal mobility parking behavior path analysis was conducted. RESULTS : Based on literature review, based on 6 of latent variables the structural equation model was made. Survey was conducted on 341 participants who has used personal mobility at least once based on Likert 5-point scale. Out of 341 responses 22 responses considered as careless responses were removed. As a result of analysis of structural equation model, it turned out that ‘ease of transfer’ had a positive effect on improper parking of personal mobility meanwhile ‘convenience’ and ‘road condition’ had a negative effect. CONCLUSIONS : It was concluded that the proximity and accessibility to the transfer facility could be important when installing personal mobility parking lot as improper parking behavior of personal mobility users could be affected by ease of transfer to other traffic mode. Also, interval of parking lots, location and its road condition should be considered in order to make it convenient for users to find parking lot and to encourage them to use it more often.

PURPOSES : This study is to analyze preference of shared personal mobility(shared e-scooter or shared bike) parking lot. The detailed purposes are as follows. Firstly, the attributes and attribute levels of shared personal mobility are developed. Based on combined attributes and attribute levels several profiles were composed. Preference data of shared personal mobility parking lot is collected through survey. Preference of shared personal mobility parking lot was analyzed using conjoint analysis. METHODS : Based on the literature review, the attributes and attribute levels that might affect behavior or intention of shared personal mobility parking were developed. Several profiles that contain combined attributes and attribute levels were created in a fractional factorial design. In order to collect preference data of shared personal mobility parking lot, online survey were proceeded. The survey participants were asked to mark preference point between point 1 and point 10. Lastly, preference of shared personal mobility parking lot was analyzed using conjoint analysis. RESULTS : Based on literature review, 5 attributes for conjoint analysis were set.(Distance between shared personal mobility parking lot and destination, Space for shared personal mobility parking lot, Location of shared personal mobility parking lot, Type of shared personal mobility parking lot, Interval of shared personal mobility parking lot). With the combination of 5 attributes and their levels, 16 random profiles were made. Online survey was proceeded with 300 participants who have used shared personal mobility. Using conjoint analysis utility and importance of each attribute has been calculated. As a result, the preference got higher when distance between parking lot and destination and intervals of parking lots are short. In addition racks are tended to be preferred and it seems to be more profer to install parking lot on buffer zone of pedestrian road instead of adjacent to private building. CONCLUSIONS : It could be important to install personal mobility parking lot considering preference of parking lot attributes in order to encourage users to use the proper parking lot instead of parking anywhere.

Recently a biosafety level-3(BL-3) mobile laboratory has been set up for the virus scanning and vaccine development because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study on air flow inlet and outlet location and its flow direction with ventilation in the mobile laboratory needs to prevent spread of COVID-19 virus because the COVID-19 virus is primarily transmitted to people through respiratory droplets and aerosol coming out as their coughing. This study is conducted on the air flow pattern optimization in BL-3 mobile laboratory with various design specifications of position of air supply & exhaust port and particle source. Air flow patterns of ceiling supply-exhaust and ceiling supply-bottom side exhaust with particle source were determined to compare the impact of the infection prevention. CFD simulation was used to analyze for two air flow patterns and particle source position. Numerical results showed that air flow pattern of air conditioning system with ceiling supply-exhaust in a row is more effective than that of ceiling supply-bottom side exhaust air flow pattern in terms of infection prevention in biosafety mobile laboratory.

Special equipment used for snow removal is only used in the winter and must be moved into storage during non-winter seasons. However, when moving heavy equipment using a forklift within a limited space, safety accidents may occur due to deformation and damage due to the worker's limited visibility and excessive loading of heavy objects. In this study, the scissors boom of the developed heavy load transporter was conducted in two cases: link structural analysis and position-based structural analysis. In detail, the link structural analysis covers four cases of stress and safety factor according to material and thickness to optimize the specifications of the material selected during development, and the structural analysis according to position covers two cases before and after the lift, when maximum stress concentration is achieved. Safety was evaluated through finite element analysis. As a result of the study, when manufacturing a scissors boom type heavy load transporter that can withstand a load of 10 tons, the link showed safety at SS400 4.5mm or higher, and reinforcement is needed in the upper and lower structures, so it is judged to be useful in applying materials according to the load.

In order to solve the rapidly increasing domestic delivery volume and various problems in the recent metropolitan area, domestic researchers are conducting research on the development of “Urban Logistics System Using Underground Space” using existing urban railway facilities in the city. Safety analysis and scenario analysis should be performed for the safe system design of the new concept logistics system, but the scenario analysis techniques performed in previous studies so far do not have standards and are defined differently depending on the domain, subject, or purpose. In addition, it is necessary to improve the difficulty of clearly defining the control structure and the omission of UCA in the existing STPA safety analysis. In this study, an improved scenario table is proposed for the AGV horizontal transport device, which is a key equipment of an urban logistics system using underground space, and a process model is proposed by linking systematic STPA safety analysis and scenario analysis, and UCA and Control Structure Guidelines are provided to create a safety analysis.

이 연구는 베트남 현지 한국어 초급 학습자를 위한 ‘가다’, ‘오다’의 오류 양상을 토대로 적절한 교육 방안을 모색하는 것에 연구 의 목적을 두었다. 이를 위하여 문헌 고찰을 통한 연구 현안 및 이론 적 배경을 확인하였고, 베트남어 ‘đi(가다)’, ‘đến(오다)’의 의미를 비교 하였다. 그다음 베트남 현지 초급 학습자의 쓰기 자료 46편(1,413어절) 을 분석하여 베트남인 현지 한국어 초급 학습자의 ‘가다’, ‘오다’의 의 미적 오류 양상을 확인하는 양적 연구를 진행하였다. 이로써 국내 베 트남인 학습자가 범한 오류와 비교하고, 앞서 확인한 내용을 토대로 현지 학습자를 위한 적절한 교육의 방향성을 제언하였다.

In this paper, we introduce the result of the locker of the safety helmet to protect the user’s life from accidents of personal mobility, i.e. electrical-scooter, electrical bicycle and kick-board. Through Arduino kit which is the one of common open source computing platform, electric circuit and equipment to fulfil the functions of the locker of the safety helmet is designed and made. Especially the functions which are protected from the damage of humidity and sterilization of bacteria will be automatically operated in locker by Arduino board and bluetooth module with various sensors. The dimension of the locker is designed using CATIA program and made with ABS(Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) resin to keep and lock the helmet.