In anion exchange membrane fuel cells, Pd nanoparticles are extensively studied as promising non-Pt catalysts due to their electronic structure similar to Pt. In this study, to fabricate Pd nanoparticles well dispersed on carbon support materials, we propose a synthetic strategy using mixed organic ligands with different chemical structures and functions. Simultaneously to control the Pd particle size and dispersion, a ligand mixture composed of oleylamine(OA) and trioctylphosphine(TOP) is utilized during thermal decomposition of Pd precursors. In the ligand mixture, OA serves mainly as a reducing agent rather than a stabilizer since TOP, which has a bulky structure, more strongly interacts with the Pd metal surface as a stabilizer compared to OA. The specific roles of OA and TOP in the Pd nanoparticle synthesis are studied according to the mixture composition, and the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) activity and durability of highly-dispersed Pd nanocatalysts with different particles sizes are investigated. The results of this study confirm that the Pd nanocatalyst with large particles has high durability compared to the nanocatalyst with small Pd nanoparticles during the accelerated degradation tests although they initially indicated similar ORR performance.

수소를 연료로 사용하는 PEMFC는 고효율⋅출력밀도를 나타내며, 짧은 시동시간, 우수한 응답특성에 따라 현지설치형 발전기술로 사용되며, 이를 위한 고효율 연료처리장치가 필수적이다. SMR반응은 연료당 고회수율을 때문에 경제성이 우수하며, 전환율 확보를 위해 700°C, 20 bar 이상의 운전조건에서 수행되며, WGS, PSA의 후단공정을 통해 수소를 생산한다. 분리막 개질기를 이용한 SMR반응은 분리막이 수소를 제거함에 따라 반응효율 증진, 공정온도 저감, 후단공정 배제를 할 수 있어 공정구성 및 경제성이 우수하다. 본 연구에서는 팔라듐분리막 개질기를 사용하여 550°C, 5 bar에서 SMR반응을 통해 수소를 생산하였으며, 개질된 가스의 CO 농도를 최소화하여 고온 PEMFC용 연료처리장치를 개발하였다.

Nano Pd spot-coated active carbon powders were synthesized by a hydrothermal-attachment method (HAA) using PVP capped Pd colloid in a high pressure bomb at , 450 psi, respectively. The PVP capped Pd colloid was synthesized by the precipitation-redispersion method. PVP capped Pd nano particles showed the narrow size distribution and their particle sizes were less than 8nm in diameter. In the case of nano Pd-spot coated active carbon powders, nano-sized Pd particles were adhered in the active carbon powder surface by HAA method. The component of Pd was homogeneously distributed on the active carbon surface.

본 연구는 VOC 배출원 중 도장, 인쇄 공정에서 주요 발생물질인 톨루엔을 저온 분해할 수 있는 귀금속 팔라듐촉매 개발에 목적을 두고 있다. 팔라듐은 톨루엔 제거에서 활성이 우수하지만 비용이 높다. 따라서 실용성의 방안으로 Pd 담지량의 최소화 비율(0.1~1.0wt%)로 제조한 촉매의 활성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 1.0wt% Pd(R) 촉매가 모든 조건에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이는 SEM 촬영과 XRD 분석을 통해 촉매 제조과정에서 Pd의 담지량 및 소성 분위기에 따른 분산 형태와 연관이 있는 것으로 사료된다.

The flow of products containing valuable metal resources after discharging to waste means that it is necessary to form a plan to improve resource circulation to enhance the circulation of metal resources. In this study, waste resource circulation flow analysis of products containing cobalt and palladium after disposal was performed by classifying five stages: (1) discharge/import, (2) collection/discarding, (3) pretreatment, (4) resource recovery, and (5) product production/export. The mobile phone was one of products which were the most generating cobalt. Discharged cobalt was kept for processing or was produced as pure cobalt, cobalt oxide, or cobalt sulfate, and was used as a raw material for locks, speakers, AlNiCo magnets, tire, batteries, etc. The total amount of cobalt in the waste products was 994 tons and the recycling rate was 53.7%, indicating that 543 ton of cobalt was recycled. Palladium was discharged from waste electrical and electronic products, precious metals, petrochemical catalysts, vehicles catalysts at the end of their life, and medical equipment (dental). The palladium recovered by pre-treatment and resource recovery was recycled as a metal resource or exported. The amount of palladium recycled was 2.412 tons, of which a total of 2.512 or 96% tons is estimated to be recycled. Future research may be necessary to suggest institutional improvements, including the waste resource classification and market expansion for the recycling in the five steps based on the results of this study.