This paper develops a two-echelon supply chain model with variable setup cost and environmental impact. A single-setup-multi-delivery (SSMD) policy is adopted to increase the efficiency of transportation in the supply chain in which it is assumed that the shipment lot size of each delivery is unequal and variable. Each delivered item goes through inspection process at the buyer’s end. After inspection, defective products are returned to the vendor for reworking process. Due to inspection process, end customers receives perfect quality items. Due to more transportations by SSMD policy, this model assumes carbon emission cost to help the world environment. An investment function is used to reduce total setup cost for the whole supply chain. Stackelberg leadership approach is utilized in this model to optimize the joint total cost of vendor and buyer. Finally, some numerical examples, sensitivity analysis, and graphical representations are given to illustrate more savings from existing literature.

The competition between companies for prior occupation of the market is becoming fierce. In this highly competitive situation, it is important for companies to differentiate themselves if they are going to have a chance at success. And the competition to create the best solution method possible is higher than ever. Increased competition is forcing companies to lower costs and improve efficiency. A supply chain management(SCM) has become one of the most important solution methods of competitive advantage. This study has developed a simulator for the supply chain network problem. The simulator is designed to simulate the conditions of an actual supply chain network considering uncertainties. The simulator developed using commercial simulation tool ARENA and the results of computational experiments for a simple example were given and discussed to validate the developed simulator. Further research is needed, but using the simulator could become a useful tool for decision making in the supply chain network area.

Considering the supply system and operating cost of enterprises which are in the supply chain as the main index, this paper establishes a supply chain evaluation model, and utilizes Arena building stimulation model of the supply chain which considers manufacturing enterprises as the core of supply chain. This model designs a generic simulation model of the supply chain including multi-level distributors and suppliers. And the model analyzes a representative example of business process, one of the enterprises in Shandong.

In this paper, we investigate an inventory and production system in a three-layer supply chain system involving a single supplier, single manufacturer and multiple retailers. Earlier study in this type of supply chain only consider a single raw material in order to produce single item, but we consider raw materials in order to produce multiple items. It is assumed that the cycle time at each stage is an integer multiple of the adjacent downstream stage. We develop an iterative solution procedure to find the order quantity for the multiple items and raw materials that minimizes the supply chain-wide total cost per unit time of the supplier and manufacturer’s raw materials ordering and holding, setup and finished items holding, the retailer’s ordering and inventory holding. Numerical examples are presented to show that the proposed heuristic gives good performance.

As companies were concerned with developing green logistics and environment, most logistics concerned functions like packaging, loading, storage, transportation and IT studies are active in study. Even if active in research studies, companies still recognized that logistics cost increases as green concepts are applied. For the efficient execution of green logistics management, it is absolutely necessary but difficult to build an optimal logistics system where each function is smoothly interacted through the proper integration and the link of various logistics functions and partners. This study aims to development of green logistics through integration of supply chain functions and partners. With this aim of study, case studies with analysis of embodiment, planning and operations for supply chain of companies are carried out.

As customers' demands for diversified small-quantity products have been increased, there have been great efforts for a firm to respond to customers' demands flexibly and minimize the cost of inventory at the same time. To achieve that goal, in SCM perspective, many firms have tried to control the inventory efficiently. We present an mathematical model to determine the near optimal (s, S) policy of the supply chain, composed of multi suppliers, a warehouse and multi retailers. (s, S) policy is to order the quantity up to target inventory level when inventory level falls below the reorder point. But it is difficult to analyze inventory level because it is varied with stochastic demand of customers. To reflect stochastic demand of customers in our model, we do the analyses in the following order. First, the analysis of inventory in retailers is done at the mathematical model that we present. Then, the analysis of demand pattern in a warehouse is performed as the inventory of a warehouse is much effected by retailers' order. After that, the analysis of inventory in a warehouse is followed. Finally, the integrated mathematical model is presented. It is not easy to get the solution of the mathematical model, because it includes many stochastic factors. Thus, we get the solutions after the stochastic demand is approximated, then they are verified by the simulations.

Supply chain including transportation expend the 21% of domestic energy consumption. It is necessary to diminish the excess energy usage at entire supply chain. This paper deals with the application of MFCA(Material Flow Cost Accounting) for SCM to save energy consumption. We construct the material center corresponding to each logistics function in order to apply the MFCA for GCM(Green Chain Management). We also construct the MFCA framework which consists of MFCA Database Management, MFCA Visualization, GCM Data Integration, GCM Data Tracking, and MFCA Data Predict & Assignment. We expect to help determining the range of logistics function to apply the MFCA for GCM.

It is very important the collaboration and risk management of supply chain between the parent company and its partners in the supply chain risk management(SCRM). It was known that the SCRM approach is very different between a large enterprise and a small and medium-sized enterprise. This paper deals with the suggestion about SCRM structure for a small and medium-sized enterprise. This SCRM structure consist of risk identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation. We expect that this SCRM structure promote the collaboration between a parent company and its partners to alleviate the supply chain risk.

In this paper, we consider a single-manufacturer single-buyer supply chain problem where a single manufacturer purchases and processes raw materials into a family of items in order to deliver a family of items to a single buyer at a fixed interval of time for effective implementation of Just-In-Time Purchasing. An integrated multi-item lot-splitting model of facilitating multiple shipments in small lots between buyer and manufacturer is developed in a JIT Purchasing environment. Previous research on the integrated model assumed that the manufacturer orders raw materials m (integer) times for every production run (lot multiplier policy for the raw material). In this paper, we consider a generalized policy in the replenishment of raw materials, allowing lot multiplier policy and lot splitting policy. An iterative solution procedure is developed to find the order interval for finished goods and raw materials, and number of shipments between buyer and manufacturer. We show by numerical example that when the integrated policy is adopted by both buyer and manufacturer in a cooperative manner, both parties can benefit.

Since manufacturing and supplying corporations today come to view their practice of SCM as important, it becomes essential to analyze and control the structural relationship between the information sharing among corporations and the performances resulting from their practice of SCM. It is thus the purpose of this paper to examine the factors that may prompt corporations to implement SCM by means of analyses into the relationship between information sharing and practice of SCM which corporations should lay stress on as well as the relationship between financial and non-financial performances of corporations. The findings of the study can be summed up as follows: First, as for the relationship between information sharing among and practice of SCM by corporations, information sharing among corporations turned out to affect such factors of implementing their SCM as trust, commitment mutual dependence. Consequently, corporations are requested to endeavor to implement SCM itself faithfully if they really aim to achieve their performances by practice of SCM and, at the same time, to make efforts to obtain understanding and support for information sharing among themselves. Second, from the analysis of the relationship between SCM and financial as well as non-financial performances of corporations, it was found that trust, a factor of SCM practice, had influence upon non-financial performances of corporations, but not upon their financial performances, while commitment and mutual dependence affected both financial and non-financial achievements of corporations. Therefore, it was made clear from the analysis that the decision and systematic control of SCM activities which best suit to a corporation play an important role in improving its financial and non-financial performances, because they greatly depend on the implementing extent of SCM factors such as trust, commitment and mutual dependence among corporations.

This paper studies the effect of information quality level and customer demand on performance measures in a supply chain. The information quality level compares 2 types, the information levels of a customer demand and a lead time. The customer demand proc

공급사슬상에서의 구성원간 협력이 보편화되어가는 현재의 추세에 따라 본 논문은 공급자-판매자로 구성된 공급 사슬에서의 옵션 계약을 통한 구성원간 협력 문제에 대해 연구하였다. 구체적으로, 본 논문은 가격이 공급자에 의해 결정되고 옵션 계약 물량이 판매자에 의해 결정될 경우에 대한 공급사슬 전체 관점 및 각 구성원 관점에서의 최적 옵션 가격, (옵션) 행사 가격, 현물 시장 가격, 옵션 계약 물량 결정 문제를 계량적으로 연구하였다. 본 논문의 연구결과를 통

In this paper, we investigate an inventory system where a single manufacturer purchases and processes raw materials in order to deliver finished goods to multiple retailers. Earlier study in this type of supply chain only consider a single raw material in

This research is a literature survey on the Supply chain security. International organization and governments have build security regulations to improve the security in the shipment through supply chain. The researches on supply chain security were increasing during last 10 years. We were surveyed 53 research including Korean and international papers. ills study was classified by research subjects, security regulation, and research methods. Korean researches were focused to introducing and reviewing on the security regulation, but the researches on specific security reinforcement were very rare. International researches were concerned with the subject of the airport security scanning problem, transportation security problem, port selection problem.

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a supplier and buyer’s pricing decision strategy model with discount-policy over a long-term replenishment contract in a supply chain environment by small and medium size manufacturing company. We assume that the bu

In this paper, effects of information sharing in multi-level supply chain management have been studied through simulation. The simulation model consists of a manufacturing company as a center, three suppliers, two logistic centers, and three different retail supply lines of each logistics centers. The mathematical model and the simulation were developed when real-time information sharing occurs and does not occur in supply chain under the assumption that each company applies (s, S) inventory policies. In addition, this paper analyzed the effects of the change of variables related to total costs, which compose of total ordering cost, total transportation cost, total carrying cost and shortage cost that are caused by the change of demand of three different patterns with the way of information sharing.

For the last two decades, remanufacturing has drawn attention for its expected economic and environmental benefits and becomes a matter of strategic importance not only for manufacturers, but also for nations, as can be seen in such advanced countries as the US and some other European countries. In light of the experiences of those countries, it is highly recommended that Korean manufacturing companies as well as the government take into consideration the remanufacturing of their products, with a view to making contribution to global society by reducing the carbon-foot-prints of their products. This paper shows that the implications of remanufacturing the laser multi-function peripherals(MFPs) can provide with a good start in discussing and implementing the concept of remanufacturing a variety of different industrial products.

본 논문은 공급 사슬 환경에서 중간 부품을 제조하여 기업을 대상으로 판매하는 중소 제조 기업의 가격 결정 전략에 대하여 연구하였다. 특히 국내에서 자동차 부품을 제조하는 중소 기업들이 고객사에게 중간 부품을 생산하여 납품하면, 고객사가 다시 이 부품을 활용하여 그 다음 단계의 부품을 생산하여 완성차 제조업체에 납품하는 공급 사슬 환경을 고려하였다. 중소 제조 기업이 생산한 부품의 완성차 탑재 여부는 완성차를 생산하는 대기업과 협상하고, 납품 가격은 해당 부품을 구매하는 고객사와의 협상에 의해 결정된다. 본 논문은 이와 같은 환경에서 중소 제조 기업이 최적의 가격 결정을 위하여 취할 수 있는 전략 수립을 연구하였다.

Recently, an industrial production-distribution planning problem has been widely investigated in Supply Chain Management(SCM). One of the key issues in the current SCM research area is reverse logistics network. This study have developed a simulation model for the reverse logistics network. The simulation model analysis reverse logistics network issues such as inventory policy, manufacturing policy, transportation mode, warehouse assignment, supplier assignment. Computational experiments using commercial simulation tool ARENA show that the real problems. The model can be used to decide an appropriate production-distribution planning problem in the research area.