This study examines the effect of cosmetic certification marks on consumer behavior. The underlying objectives of this study are threefold. First, it explores whether the certification mark inserted into the cosmetic package—such as marks denoting quality assurances, ethical practices (specifically, pertaining to animal testing), and recycling packaging—affects consumer responses. Second, it investigates whether a higher number of certification marks leads to heightened positive consumer responses. Third, it analyzes the potential moderating effect of consumers’ certification mark knowledge on the relationship between certification marks and consumer responses. In the pretest, certification marks with higher recognition were selected as stimuli, and a survey involving a total of 550 male and female consumers was conducted. The collected data were analyzed through ANOVA and post-hoc tests. The findings of this study confirm a significant difference in consumer responses to products based on the certification marks inserted in the cosmetic packaging. Compared to clusters without a certification mark, groups with two or more certifications (recycling certification + ethics certification, recycling certification + quality certification, recycling certification + ethics certification + quality certification) exhibit significant consumer responses. Second, more certification marks did not result in an increase in positive consumer responses. Third, a moderating effect of consumers’ cosmetic certification knowledge on the certification mark-consumer response relationship was not found. The findings of this study have implications for developing product promotion strategies that leverage cosmetic certification marks as a marketing tool.

The preliminary study was conducted on the use of navigation instruments and programs conducted in the previous demonstration and experiment of the training ship SAEBADA, real-time sharing and accuracy of land and sea information, and the development of real-time effective information transmission and reception and management system programs. Based on this, this study used the training ship CHAMBADA, which is similar in length to the tonnage of the fishing boat. The purpose is to present errors in ship situation-specific information data, alarm systems for marine information, and land and ship transmission and reception programs collected using intelligent information management systems to find out whether they can be applied and used in fishing boats. It plans to conduct research on direct and indirect safety and ship’s stability when the intelligent information management system operates in real time in the operation of ships considering the characteristics of small fishing boats and the characteristics of fishing.

This study investigated the impact of 26 EFL college students’ familiarity levels with the visual information of TOEIC listening test items on test scores and test performance procedure. Data collected measured students’ degree of familiarity with the visuals via a pre-test and their listening test scores, and responses to the post-test questionnaire were analyzed. To analyze the data, one-way ANOVA was conducted to locate the interdependency between the students’ familiarity levels with visuals and their test scores. Results found that there was no statistically significant differences in test scores regardless of the students’ levels of familiarity with the visuals. Additionally, the correlations between the familiarity with the visuals and the students’ test scores were low. However, the students experienced difficulties with unfamiliar visuals while taking the test. These findings indicate that, although test-takers’ familiarity with visuals does not predict their listening test scores, there is a need to tailor the visuals when developing listening test-items.

PURPOSES : This study aims to suggest how to utilize "standby data" of shared mobility that does not contain personal information and examine whether "standby data" can derive existing shared mobility operation analysis items similarly. METHODS : An existing Personal Mobility (PM) traffic pattern analysis was performed by identifying the user (User ID) and the user's route in a time frame. In this study, the PM traffic pattern analysis focuses on a vehicle (ID of the standby vehicle) and its standby location. We examined whether the items derived from the User ID-based traffic pattern analysis could also be derived from the standby Vehicle ID-based analysis. RESULTS : The analysis showed that all five items (traffic volume by time slot, peak time, average travel time, average travel distance, and average travel speed) of the existing User ID-based PM travel analysis result could be derived similarly using the standby Vehicle ID-based PM traffic analysis. However, the disadvantage is that the average driving distance is calculated as a straight-line distance. It seems possible to overcome this limitation by correcting the average driving distance through linkage analysis with road network data. However, it is not possible to derive the instantaneous maximum speed or acceleration/deceleration. CONCLUSIONS : In an era in which various means of transportation are being introduced, data sharing is not preferred because of legal issues.Consequently, it is difficult to understand the use of new means of transportation and formulate new policies. To address this, data sharing can be active based on standby data that is not related to personal information.

PURPOSES : This study aims to evaluate the traffic safety by collecting and analyzing vehicle speed and conflict frequency data based on the provision of information to vehicle drivers and crosswalk pedestrians under right-turn conditions. METHODS : Two evaluation scales, namely speed of access and number of conflicts, were used to quantitatively evaluate the effects of the new information provision method. Data on access speed and the number of conflicts according to information provision were collected and compared before and after information provision. RESULTS : Analysis of the pre- and post-spot speed reduction rates revealed an overall reduction rate of 32.6%. The conflict ratio was 81.0% before information provision but increased to 83.3% after information provision. CONCLUSIONS : When LED display information was provided, the effect of decelerating the approaching speed of vehicles in the rightturn torpedo section was statistically significant, but the reduction in the conflict ratio was not. Factors such as intersection status, traffic volume and vehicle speed, affect the approach speed and increase or decrease the number of conflicts. Regardless of whether information is provided, the average compliance rate of the Road Traffic Act when turning right in the channelization area is 16.7%, which is significantly different from the average compliance rate of 48.4% immediately after the Road Traffic Act was revised in July 2022.

This study investigated the hazard factors based on imported food non-compliance and global food hazard information for the last 4 years to suggest imported food safety management. Food safety management on utensils or packaging containers is appropriately managed for the compounds derived from them. Food safety management on health-functional foods, processed foods, and agricultural products is concentrated on ingredient contents, food additives, and pesticide residuals. Additional hazards are illegal compounds, mycotoxins & pesticide residuals, hygieneindicator microorganisms and food-borne pathogens in health-functional foods, processed foods, and agricultural products, respectively. The continuous increase in hazards related to safety and hygiene in global food hazard information needs additional attention. To reduce the hazard factors, this study proposes that imported food be limited to products certified by HACCP or an equivalent food safety management system because registering foreign food facilities for processed and health-functional foods is mandatory. Additionally, the customs clearance inspections should focus on the hazard factors derived from the global food hazard information system. This study suggests a global food hazard information system that could derive frequently issued hazard factors at a given period and newly issued hazard factors in aspects, such as food items, subcategories, and exporting countries.

The need for an intelligent information-based ship accident prevention and control system for various marine accidents is very clearly emerging. As it is a variety of marine accidents, the causes are diverse. Therefore, it can be said that it is very important to prevent these marine accidents and their causes in advance. Therefore, a study was conducted on an intelligent information-based ship safety management decision support system that provides information necessary for decision-making at sea and land through an integrated management device for ships that informs safety-related risks in real-time ship operation. In the future, we intend to pursue the development of a system that can aim for safer and more economical ship operation by linking it to navigation instruments through the evaluation and analysis of AI, IoT, and big data.

통합항해시스템(INS)은 기존 항해 장비들을 통합하여 부가가치를 제공하는 장치로써 항해 업무 수행을 위한 정보와 기능을 다기능표시장치에(MFD)에 통합하는 것으로 정의된다. IMO 성능 기준은 각 업무에 대한 최소 요구사항을 명시하고 있지만, 장비 및 기 능의 목록은 정의하지 않아 제조사마다 INS의 구성이 상이하고 사용자 관점에 기반 한 지침 또한 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 선박 운 용상황 및 수행 업무에 따라 사용자가 요구하는 정보를 분석하고, 이를 INS의 MFD에 효과적으로 구조화하여 INS의 사용성을 높이기 위해 수행되었다. INS 관련 국제 기준 및 제조사의 구성 장비 목록을 분석하여 필수 항해 정보들을 선별하고 MFD 사용 경험이 있는 선박 운항자를 대상으로 카드 소팅 테스트를 실시하여 각 INS 업무에 요구되는 정보들을 분류하도록 하였다. 연구의 결과는 제조사들 이 제품 설계 시 사용자 경험을 반영한 정보 구성에 기본적인 가이드로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

최근 3차원 공간정보와 행정정보를 융합하여 다양한 도시문제의 과학적 해결을 지원하는 디지털트윈이 공공분야의 스마트시티와 공간정보 행정업무에 도입되고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 공공분야에 디지털트윈을 확산하기 위해 필요한 공간정보의 정책방향을 제시하는데 있다. 먼저, 이론적 고찰을 통해 디지털트윈에 대한 개념을 검토하였고, 언론보도 등에 나타난 디지털트윈에 대한 주요 키워드를 도출하였다. 두 번째, 디지털트윈 국가정책과 디지털트윈국토 지자체 시범사업, 공공기관의 디지털트윈 사업 특성을 고찰하였다. 세 번째, 정책 및 제도적 관점, 사업적 관점, 활용성의 관점에서 공공분야 디지털트윈이 어떠한 이슈와 문제점을 가지고 있는지 도출하였고, 이를 해결하기 위한 정책방향을 제안하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 향후 공공분야 디지털트윈 확산을 위한 정책적 시사점을 제공할 것이다.

2023년 3월4일 저녁 9시30분 (뉴욕 현지 시각), 속개된 UN BBNJ 정부간회의에서 결국 UN BBNJ 협정 성안이 완성되었다. 본 논문에서는 국가관할권이원 전체를 규율하는 새로운 법문서로 채택될 UN BBNJ 협정이 디지털염기서열정보라는 최첨단 해양바이오 과학기술을 어떻게 규정하고 있는지 조문별로 검토해 보고, 향후 우리의 대응방안에 대해 제언하고자 한다. 이를 위해 UN BBNJ 협정 성안의 연혁과 그 규제 대상인 디지털염기서열정보의 논의 추이를 정리하고, UN BBNJ협정상 디지털염기서열정보 관련 조문을 하나씩 살펴보았다. 그리고 결론에서 향후 UN BBNJ 협정 이행을 위해서 우리가 고려해야 할 사항과 대응 방안을 국내 대응 방안과 국제 대응 방안으로 나누어 제언하였다. 국내 대응 방안으로는 국가관할권이원유래 디지털염기서열정보 통합관리제도 수립을 제언하였다. 그 이유는 현 UN BBNJ 협정 제10조가 국가관할권유래 디지털염기서열정보 통보·관리·보고·추적, 제도 수립을 규정하고 있기 때문이다. UN BBNJ 협정 제10조의 실효적 이행을 위해서는 현재 우리 국가관할권이원유래 디지털염기서열정보 관리상황에 대한 현황조사가 우선되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 국제 대응 방안으로는 첫째 제8조 적용조항 예외 선언 문제에 대한 결정, 둘째 UN BBNJ 정부간회의 당사국 총회 대응 전략 수립, 셋째 적극적인 생물다양성협약 당사국총회 참여를 제안하였다. 제8조에 대한 예외 선언을 하지 않는 경우, UN BBNJ 협정 발효이전에 생성된 디지털염기서열정보가 UN BBNJ 협정의 적용범위에 들어가기 때문에 현재 우리가 생성한 국가관할권이원 유래 디지털염기서열정보 현황에 따라 우리 산학연에 큰 부담이 될 수 있기 때문이다. 그리고 BBNJ 정부간회의 당사국총회와 생물다양성협약 당사국 총회에 대한 적극적이고 전략적인 대응을 제안한 이유는 UN BBNJ 협정이 당사국 총회에 많은 권능을 디지털염기서열정보의 관리 및 이익공유 분야에 부여하고 있기 때문이며, 생물다양성협약 당사국총회의 결정이 향후 UN BBNJ 협정에 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 예측되기 때문이다. 특히 디지털염기서열정보의 범위와 정의가 아직 확정되지 않은 상황에서 생물다양성협약 당사국총회가 디지털염기서열정보의 범위와 정의에 대한 합의를 도출한다면, UN BBNJ 협정 역시 이를 준용할 가능성이 높으므로 UN BBNJ 협정 당사국총회와 생물다양성협약 당사국총회에 대한 통합적 대응이 필요하다.