Displacement is one of the most fundamental responses, containing useful information regarding dynamic behavior of a structure. Traditional displacement measurement devices such as LVDT have difficulties in using for full-scale civil structures mainly due to the installation inconvenience. The use of laser-based measurements is rapidly increasing; however, the high equipment cost prevents its wider adoption. This study uses a vision-based displacement measurement system as a cost-effective and practical solution for field testing. The vision-based system is used to measure vertical deflections of a railway bridge for high-speed trains to validate its applicability for the bridge deflection measurement.

The paper has the aim to search for why humans should feel spiritual emptiness in spite of material fullness. This is the epistemological reality that humans differ from animals loyal to satiety of stomach. Humans are created with reason as the tool to admire and worship the amazing grace of the Creator and get closer to divinity leading humans to heaven. Eliot as a kind of common human pursued through his poems the ultimate themes such as origin of existences, goal of life, and good / evil, while Augustinus that relied on The Absolute God as the donor of reason as a part of divinity told us them in terms of theology. In the sense, Eliot pursuing the ultimate themes like life and death and also Augustinus resorting to the sacred providence of God, mean representing common people’s desire trying to grasp eternity in spite of having transient longevity. The only two things that we humans including Eliot and Augustinus can know are the terrible realities that we are absurdly thrown into the world and necessarily face with death as the unavoidable and gloomy termination. The pious vision from the saint of Hippo on Eliot’s some ultimate themes is aimed for the practice of ‘caritas’ that means sacred love to both the Absolute and ordinary people. In conclusion, R. Descartes depending upon human’s own apparent thought rather than turning to God, F. Nietzsche declaring the death of God, and K. Marx disregarding divinity and reducing human to molecular state would commit errors because they misused reason given by God that they hated, and produced the proposition of ‘Cogito ergo sum’, the Birth of Tragedy, and the Capital, which also can be recognized as a reality of double bind.

Since cable members are the major structural components in cable bridges, they should be properly inspected for surface damage as well as inside defects such as corrosion and/or breakage of wires. In this study, only the vision-based surface damage detection system based on image processing techniques is addressed. The damage detection programs are consist of real-time and post processing detection programs. The proposed damage detection programs were verified through laboratory tests on many types of cables.

Since cable members are the major structural components in cable bridges, they should be properly inspected for surface damage as well as inside defects such as corrosion and/or breakage of wires. Starting from August 2010, a new research project supported by Korea Ministry of Land, Transportation Maritime Affairs (MLTM) was initiated to develop the cable inspection robot. In this study, only the vision-based surface damage detection system based on image processing techniques is addressed. The damage detection algorithm combines some image enhancement techniques with principal component analysis (PCA) to detect damages on cable surface. The images from three cameras attached to the cable climbing robot are wirelessly transmitted to the server computer at the cable support. They are processed with image enhancement method together with noise removal technique to improve overall image quality. Then they are projected into PCA sub-space. Finally, the Mahalanobis square distances of the projected images to all sample patterns are calculated. The smallest distance is found to be the match for the input image. The proposed damage detection algorithm was verified through laboratory tests on three types of cables.

T. S. Eliot as a “moralist” or “critic of life” shows deep concern for the moral question, ‘how to live.’ Because Eliot experienced the tragic vision of life, he apprehended clearly the differences between failed “unlived life,” and genuine “buried life” or “fullness of life” as expressed in the characters of Henry James and in Matthew Arnold’s poem. “Portrait of a Lady” is a prime example of the “unlived life.” Like a spectator of life, the young male speaker in “Portrait of a Lady” leads a spiritually and morally dead “unlived life.” He shrinks away from his real life and a human relationship with the older lady, who wants friendship or sympathy from him. His passivity and selfishness toward life result in frustration, self-destructiveness and nothingness. So he as a force of evil obstructs the spiritual growth of the other people like a lady, and cannot change his fake life into a new meaningful life in a society. Eliot understands well the negative aspect of life, and by describing it vividly in “Portrait of a Lady,” he warns us not to waste life vainly but try to “live fully” finding a kind of deep, vital, satisfying, emotional “buried life” as a whole human being.

This paper is to show how properly the contagious concepts stemmed from Deleuze can be applied to literary text, even if Deleuzean reading that has flooded as yet home or abroad is hard to practice. However, we always feel it troublesome that the challenge is so hard and even fatuous in the sense that Deleuze’s texts are inclined to decline to be grasped by readers. Moreover, even the poem of T. S. Eliot’s also would get out of reader’ obsessional desire to ‘territorialize’ the poem. In the dilemma, we find a aphorism of Lacan’s as a western high monk: we can’t read all texts of an author and can’t grasp all of his/her identity even if he/she has scoured all of his/her texts thoroughly. Thus what we know is no less than broken knowledge, so someone who argues that he/she is a know-all must be totalitarian or paranoiac. Deleuzean reading can be practiced in view of not ‘systematic reading’ but ‘affective reading.’ The former chases after comprehensive ideas as if readers would be gods in the Olympus mount, but the latter enjoys ‘intensity’ or velocity of each part composing of text as asserted by Spinoza. After passing through this poem, the trend of ‘deterritorialization’ is perceived just like a form of melody, ‘rondo,’ in which main melody is recurring with marginal variations intervened every movement and at last reduced to ultimate themes which can be summarized such as state of thought without image, enlightenment and revision. To reach the poetic truth, Eliot mobilizes a collage of intertextual images such as a gruesome world of Dante’s hell to which ‘line of flight’ or ‘singularity’ as death takes human in which confession makes possible atonement or salvation. “a patient etherized” means lethargic being castrated by the norm or value of community and paralyzed by the conventional images in ‘socius’ such as primitive, despotic and capitalistic state. “yellow fog” seems to veil falsehood of reality, but indicates difficulty of rational judgement and “time” as ‘abstract machine’ of self-contradiction frees oneself from oneself with the same identity made up of present(‘chronos’), past and future(‘aion’) articulated only by human as subject of thought. Ego riding on timetable is determined to be confined in routine of life, which means that we must take off each conventional mask. Thus “ragged claws” cut causation as ‘rigid line’ of world and Apostle John and “Lazarus” as saints undergo metamorphosis of death or rebirth in that the one was martyred and the other returned from across Lethe of oblivion as Zarathustra would face against his fate. “the eternal Footman” functions as self-disciplined subject succeeding to regime or prisoner contained in ‘panopticon.’ “Hamlet” and “the Fool” mean that the former as ‘war machine’ tries to subvert ‘the State apparatus’ or ‘molar aggregates,’ and the latter denies despotic ‘normalization’ or generalization. Contrary to the mundane situation, “mermaids” and “sea-girls” stand for becoming-imperceptible through ‘decoded flow’ happening when the poetic narrator fed up with stuffed images drowns himself as moving ‘phenotext’(the signifying system) to ‘genotext’(not reducible to the language system), and awakes himself in the revision of Things. At last Eliot completes “the love song” with the esoteric tree diagram erasing image by image, and shows us the terrible road to enlightenment.

T. S. Eliot’s darkest poem, “The Hollow Men”(1925) dramatizes the spiritual and emotional sterility of the hollow men who are at the bottom of the abyss. In “The Hollow Men”, the hollow men or stuffed scarecrow men in the sinful or fallen “death’s dream kingdom” are called to rearrange their death-in-life but they are appalled to do any significant actions or decisions. And they don’t have any courage to take part in the final meeting in “twilight kingdom,” a kind of painful but hopeful transitional stage between “death’s dream kingdom” and “death’s other Kingdom”, because they face the truth about themselves and their past lives in this “dream crossed twilight between birth and dying.” So they shrink from crossing to the “death’s other Kingdom,” Kingdom of God where there are blessed divine vision of “eyes”, “perpetual star”, and “multifoliate rose.” In spite of the potentiality of their salvation, they are unable to attain rebirth or vision in the higher dream because of their inertia and spiritual aridity. The unhappy period in his life at the time of publishing “The Hollow Men” led Eliot to change his life and convert to Christianity in 1927. In this respect we can regard “The Hollow Men”, as a prelude or a vision of Eliot‘s New Life from nadir of despair through humility to thirst for divine love.

In this paper, we describe an image processing algorithm which is able to recognize the road lane. This algorithm performs to recognize the interrelation between AGV and the other vehicle. We experimented on AGV driving test with color CCD camera which is setup on the top of vehicle and acquires the digital signal. This paper is composed of two parts. One is image preprocessing part to measure the condition of the condition of the lane and vehicle. This finds the information of lines using RGB ratio cutting algorithm, the edge detection and Hough transform. The other obtains the situation of other vehicles using the image processing and viewport. At first, 2 dimension image information derived from vision sensor is interpreted to the 3 dimension information by the angle and position of the CCD camera. Through these processes, if vehicle knows the driving conditions which are lane angle, distance error and real position of other vehicles, we should calculate the reference steering angle.