The object of this study was the acaricidal activities of acetophenone (AP) and its derivatives for their potentials as natural acaricides using fumigant and contact toxicity bioassays against Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae. Based on the LD50 values of AP derivatives against D. farinae, 3’-methoxyAP (0.41 ㎍/㎠) was 89.9 times more toxic than DEET (36.87 ㎍/㎠), followed by 4’-methoxyAP (0.52 ㎍/㎠), 2’-methoxyAP (0.75 ㎍/㎠), 2’-hydroxy-5’-methoxyAP (1.03 ㎍/㎠), 2’-hydroxy -4’-methoxyAP (1.29 ㎍/㎠), AP (1.48 ㎍/㎠), 2’-hydroxyAP (1.74 ㎍/㎠), 2’,5’-dimethoxyAP (1.87 ㎍/㎠), 2’,4’-dimethoxyAP (2.10 ㎍/㎠), and benzyl benzoate (9.92 ㎍/㎠). With regard to structure-activity relationships between acaricidal activity and functional groups (hydroxyl and methoxy groups) on the AP skeleton, a mono-methoxy group (2’-, 3’-, and 4’-methoxyAP) on the AP skeleton was more toxic than the other groups (2’,4’- and 2’,5’-dimethoxyAP, 2’- and 4’-hydroxyAP, 2’-hydroxy-4’-methoxyAP, 2’-hydroxy-5’-methoxyAP, and 4’-hydroxy-3’-methoxyAP). These results indicated that acaricidal activity against three mite species was changed with the introduction of functional radicals (hydroxyl and methoxy groups) onto the AP skeleton.

Furfurylidene acetophenone derivatives were synthesis, it was measured that nucleophilic addition made use of UV at a wide pH 1.0~13.0 range in 30% dioxane-H2O solution, 25℃. On the basis of general base catalysis, substitutent effect, confirmation of nucleophilic addition products, it was measured the reaction rate of furfurylidene acetophenone derivatives for the pH change. It may be concluded that a part was unrelated to pH and another part was in proportion to concentration of hydroxide ion: Above pH 10.0. sulfide anion adds to the double bond (Michael type addition), a part having no concern with pH, addition reaction to double bond is initiated by addition of neutral thiourea molecule. From the result of measurement the reaction rate, nucleophilic addition of furfurylidene acetophenone derivatives confirmed to the irreversible first order. Through measurement the substituent effect. It found that reaction rate was accelerated by electron attracting group. On the basis of these findings, nucleophilic addition of thiourea for the furfurylidene acetophenone derivative was proposed a fitting mechanisms.

Furfurylidene acetophenone derivatives were synthesis, it was measured that hydrolysis made use of UV at a wide pH 1.0~13.0 range in 30% dioxane-H2O solution, 25±1℃. On the basis of general base catalysis, substitutent effect, confirmation of hydrolysis products, it was measured the reaction rate of furfurylidene acetophenone derivatives for the pH change. It maybe concluded that a part was unrelated to pH and another part was in proportion to concentration of hydroxide ion : Above pH 10.0, It was in proportion to concentration of hydroxide ion, a part having no concern with pH was added to the neutral H2O molecule. From the result of measurement the reaction rate, hydrolysis of furfurylidene acetophenone derivatives confirmed to the irreversible first order. Through measurement the substituent effect, It found that reaction rate was accelerated by electron attracting group. Also, From the result of final product, There were furfural and acetophenone. On the basis of these findings, Hydrolysis for the furfurylidene acetophenone derivative was proposed a fitting mechanisms.

The kinetics of the addition of 1-benzylindole-3-(p-substituted) acetophenone derivatives was investigated by ultraviolet spectrophotometery in 30% dioxane -H2O at 25℃. A rate equation which can be applied over wide pH range was obtained. The Substituent effects on 1-benzylindole-3-(p-substituted) acetophenone derivatives were studied, and addition were facilitated by electron attracting groups. On the base of the rate equation, substituent effect, and general base effect the plausible addition mechanism was proposed : Below pH 3.0, only neutral thiourea molecule was added to the carbon-carbon double bond, and in the range of pH 0.0~14.0, netural thiourea molecule and thiourea anion competitively attacted the double bond. By contrast, above pH 10.0, the reaction was dependent upon only the addition of thiourea anion.