본 연구는 성 각본 이론을 기초로 여대행의 성 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하여 한국 여대생의 성 행동을 이해하고, 한국여대생의 성 행동 모델이라는 한국의 독특한 문화를 반영한 이론 형성과 성 건강증진을 위한 중재프로그램 개발에 기초자료로 활용하기 위해 시도되었다. 본 연구는 강원지역의 183 명의 여대생으로 대상으로 성 행동, 성 역할가치관, 성 주체성, 성 이중기준에 대해 조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, ANOVA, 피어슨 상관계수와 단계적 회귀분석방법 으로 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 여대생의 성 주체성이 높을수록 성 행동 점수가 높았으며 성에 대해 개방적 이고 진보적인 기준을 가지고 있을수록 성 역할가치관에 있어 평등의식이 높게 나타났다. 또한, 성 주체성 이 여대생의 성 행동에 영향을 미치는 중재적 영향요인으로 확인되었다. 이 결과는 건강한 성 행동을 위해서는 자신의 몸에 대한 결정권을 가지고 자기를 보호할 수 있는 올바른 성 주체성을 확립하는 것이 중요함을 시사해준다. 이를 바탕으로, 여대생을 위한 성 건강 증진 프로그램에 성 주체성을 필수 내용으로 포함할 것을 제언하는 바이다.

PURPOSES : Pavement growth (PG) is a phenomenon whereby the overall length of a concrete pavement increases. The increase in length induces an axial compressive force in the concrete pavement slab, resulting in blow-up and damage of adjacent structures, such as a bridge. PG is influenced by several interacting factors, including climatic conditions, pavement materials, joint systems, incompressible particles (IP) infiltrating the joints or cracks in the slab, and an expansion caused by reactive aggregates in the concrete. However, it is difficult to predict PG and blow-up due to various complicated factors. Therefore, in this study, the pavement growth and blow-up analysis (PGBA) package program was developed to predict the PG and blow-up potential. The PGBA can consider the pavement configuration, expansion joint (EJ) configuration, climatic conditions, and design reliability. To evaluate the effects of influencing factors — such as climatic data, EJ configuration, pavement structures and materials, and design reliability — on PG and occurrence time of blow-up, a numerical example was demonstrated and a sensitivity analysis was performed. METHODS : To predict the PG, the concrete temperature was calculated using an appropriate analytical model. The trigger temperature for pavement growth(TTPG) was predicted using a statistical equation that considers pavement age, joint spacing, and precipitation. An analytical solution for estimating the concrete slab movement was performed. Through the calculated TTPG and the amount of PG, the service life of the EJ (width of EJ) can be predicted compared to the allowable width. In addition, by using analytical and finite elements, the safe temperature(Tsafe) for preventing blow-up occurrence was calculated. The blow-up occurrence was assumed to occur when the variation between the concrete temperature and TTPG was larger than Tsafe. RESULTS :As a result of the sensitivity analysis of maximum temperature and precipitation, the temperature and precipitation increase and the EJ service life and possibility of blow-up decrease. Sensitivity analysis was performed on the thermal expansion coefficient, pavement thickness, base layer type, concrete elastic modulus, and joint rotational stiffness in the concrete pavement structure and properties. In the PGBA program, the coefficient of thermal expansion and the type of base layer significantly affect the EJ life, as do the possibility of blowup and the elastic modulus. The joint rotational stiffness and pavement thickness had little effect on the EJ life but were found to affect the possible timing of blow-up. As a result of the PGBA sensitivity analysis of the width and spacing, which are the specifications of the EJ, the life of the EJ and the possibility of blow-up increased as the joint width increased; however, the EJ life and blow-up increased as the EJ interval reached a certain value. It was found that the possibility of a blow-up occurrence decreased. The results for the PGBA program in extreme weather conditions, the life span of EJs, and the possibility of blow-up in normal climates were reduced by over 50 %. CONCLUSIONS : As a result of PGBA sensitivity analysis, it was found that the substrate type, thermal expansion coefficient, precipitation, and alkali-silica reaction had the greatest influence on pavement expansion and blow-up.

Naval weapons systems of the Republic of Korea are acquired through the Defense Planning Management System. Recently, acquisition of some naval ships have been delayed, and the causes of the delays have been recognized as inappropriate project management at the Execution Phase. However, we argue that the delay problem in naval ships acquisition should be approached, with due regard for the entire Defense Planning Management System. That is, We should try to investigate from Planning Phase to those of Programming, Budgeting and Execution Phases. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the actual cases of the delay in naval acquisition at all phases of the Defense Planning Management System. Based on the investigation, we tried to identify the naval ship Acquisition Delay Factors and find out the Weights of those factors. As the next step, we calculated the Influence Measures on the naval missions, including the Cost of Naval Capability Gap derived from the delays in acquisition of naval ships. As a final step, we calculated the Acquisition Delay Measures based on the interrelationship between the Acquisition Delay Factors and the Influence Measures. Then we evaluated and analyzed what the results stand for. Finally, we made suggestions for future improvement. The improvement suggestions we made for preventing delay in acquisition of naval ships in this study are as follows. First, we need a shift in perception. It is necessary to measure the Acquisition Delay Factors in acquiring naval ships and manage them from the Planning Phase. Second, resolution must be concerted efforts. All relevant agencies, not just a few, should work together to resolve the problems of acquisition delay. Third, analysis must be based on the accumulation of data. This allows the elaborating of naval ship Acquisition Delay Factors and Delay Measures. If this research method is applied to other military weapons systems in the future, we may be able to not just identify the Acquisition Delay Factors in acquisition of other military weapons systems, but also pursue improvement in those cases.

Economic indicators are a factor that affects air cargo volume. This study analyzes the different factors affecting air cargo volume by each Chinese cities according to the main characteristics. The purpose of this study is to help companies related to China, airlines, and other stakeholders predict and prepare for the fluctuations in air cargo volume and make optimal decisions. To this end, 20 economic data were used, and the entire data was reduced to 5 dimensions through factor analysis to build a dataset necessary and evaluated the influencing factors by multi regression. The result shows that Macro-Economic Indicators, Production/Service indicators are significant for every cities and Chinese manufacture/Customer indicators, Korean manufacture/Oil Price indicators, Trade/Current indicators are significant for each other city. All adjusted R2 values are high enough to explain our model and the result showed excellent performance in terms of analyzing the different factors which affects air cargo volume. If companies that are currently doing business with China can identify factors affecting China's cargo volume, they can be flexible in response to changes in plans such as plans to enter China, production plans and inventory management, and marketing strategies, which can be of great help in terms of corporate operations.

This article analyzes what factors influence consumers’ choices of the type of retailer in Japan and classifies the types. Firstly, it is evident that several factors affect the choice of retail type significantly. Secondly, different formats of retail business are compared to examine the similarities and differences.

In this study, through an AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis, the internal construction project was designed to analyze the factors affecting the performance of the project and provide suggestions on the quality of communication. To carry out this study, a selection factor was selected by referring to AHP theory and existing prior research. AHP technique was used to collect weights after analysis, examine and analyze gaps. In the interior construction project, the most important factor among the factors influencing the quality of communication to the project performance was communication interaction. Among the sub-factors, accuracy of exchange of information and timeliness of communication were shown in the order of importance. Looking at the results of comprehensive analysis of the first and second layers, the accuracy of information exchange among the elements of communication quality was found to be the number 1 in weight. The timeliness of communication, which is ranked second, and communication that takes place at an appropriate time can lead to efficiency in shortening the project execution period by eliminating unnecessary work. And, Among the factors that affect communication quality, it was analyzed that communication method is not an important factor when compared to other factors. This study shows that quality of communication influences the performance of interior construction projects and provides suggestions for improving communication quality. And it has been confirmed that managing communication quality can act as an important issue that can improve business performance in project execution and production of results.

여수와 제주도 사이 해역에 출현한 수표성 동물플랑크톤의 군집 분포와 환경요인 간의 관계를 파악하기 위해 2017년 9월 총 14개 정점에서 뉴스톤 네트를 이용하여 선박 측면에서 예인 및 채집하였다. 동물플랑크톤은 총 81개 분류군으로 요각류가 최우점하였다. 동물플랑크톤 출현 개체수를 기반으로 연안수의 영향을 받는 해역, 연안수와 외 해수가 만나는 해역, 외해수의 직접적 영향을 받는 해역으로 구분되었다. 본 연구에서 해역별 우점 요각류, 식성에 따른 요각류를 2개 그룹으로 구분하고 군집에 미치는 환경요 인을 분석한 결과 수온과 염분, 식물플랑크톤, 부유플라스틱과 유의미하였다 (p<0.05). 추가로 연구 해역에 출현한 치어 및 화살벌레류의 위 내용물 분석을 통해 미세플라스틱 섭식을 확인하였다. 낮은 영양단계에서 섭취한 플라스틱이 먹이사슬을 타고 올라가 높은 영양단계로 전달된 것으로 보인다. 결과적으로 우리나라 남해 서부 해역에 출현하는 동물플랑크톤 군집 특성을 볼 때 여름철 확장 범위를 달리하는 섬진강 수, 제주난류, 쓰시마난류의 영향을 받아 군집 분포가 달라지는 것으로 판단된다.

This study was performed to provide fundamental data on the convenience foods purchase according to the food-related lifestyle. This study was conducted on 398 Chinese international students residing in Gyeonggi area between October and December 2019. Among the total 373 survey subjects, gender was 183 male students (49.1%) and 190 female students (50.9%). This study was conducted by questionnaire method with reference to previous studies. There are significant differences in economic pursuit and taste pursuit for delivery food use, economic pursuit and taste pursuit for delivery food information, health pursuit and taste pursuit in delivery food ordering method, and economic pursuit and convenience pursuit for delivery food use (p<0.05). Delivery food usage time was significantly different in convenience pursuit, health pursuit, eating out pursuit, and taste pursuit (p<0.05), and the delivery food preference menu was significantly different in economic pursuit, health pursuit, eating out pursuit, and taste pursuit (p<0.05). The menu positive factors among satisfaction factors showed statistically significant differences in economic pursuit (β=0.188, t=3.531) and health pursuit (β=0.160, t=3.099) among food related lifestyle factors. In conclusion, this study presented the desirable direction of delivery food usage in Chinese students.

본 연구에서는 포트하코트 시와 나이지리아 리버스주 오비오/아크박 지역의 인력과 기술력 부족이 농업 종합 기업 발전에 영향을 주는지 검토하고, 또한 이외 어떠한 요인이 농업 종합 기업에 영향을 미치는지 분석을 해보았다. 데이터는 두 지방 정부에서 300개의 농업기업에 대해 확보한 자료이다. 분석방법은 인구적 통계, 요인분석 및 다항로지스틱회귀분석을 이용하였다. 다항로지스틱 분석결과 유의성이 5% 이내이며, 이는 인력과 기술력 부족이 농업 종합 기업 발전에 영향을 주는 것을 의미한다. 이에 농업 종합 기업의 수익을 높이기 위해 기업 내부의 관리를 철저히 해야되고 내부 인원의 협작 및 기술능력을 강화시켜야 한다. 또한 과학기술혁신을 통해 기업의 개혁을 촉진해야 한다.

The Dromedary camel (Camelus dromedaries) is an important species because of its ability to produce good quality meat, milk, and fibers under harsh environmental conditions. Camels are also crucial for transportation, racing, and as draft animals in agriculture. Therefore, dromedary camels play a critical role in the economy for millions of people living in the arid part of the world. The inherent capability of camels to produce meat and milk is highly correlated with their reproductive performance. Compared with other domestic species, the reproductive efficiency in camelids is low. Although recent reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) have been successfully applied to camelids and the birth of live offspring following these technologies has been reported; in vitro embryo production (IVP) has lagged in this species. The development of the IVP system for dromedary camels may be a useful tool for the genetic improvement of this species. IVP in farm animals includes three main steps; in vitro maturation (IVM) of an oocyte, IVF of a matured oocyte, and in vitro culture (IVC) of fertilized oocyte up to the blastocyst stage. This review aims to summarize various factors that influence oocyte quality, IVM, and in vitro embryo development in dromedary camel.

최근 발생한 코로나-19의 발발과 함께 정부는 방역정책의 일환으로 재택근무를 지원하고 있지만, 교정기관의 경우 업무의 특성상 재택근무를 광범위하게 실시하기에는 많은 제약이 따른다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 미국 연방교정국에서는 일부 교정공무원들에 대하여 재택근무 제도를 실시해 오고 있는데, 본 연구에서는 미국 연방교정공무원의 재택근무 참여 및 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴봄으로서, 향후 우리나라 교정 기관에 주는 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 미국 연방교정국의 공무원들을 대상으로 조사한 설문을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 평소 정보보안 위협에 대처하기 위한 준비가 잘 되어 있는 교정공무원의 경우 높은 수준의 재택근무 참여율 및 만족수준을 보여주었다. 둘째, 동료와 업무정보에 관한 수평적 의사소통이 원활한 교정공무원일수록 재택근무 참여율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 상사와 업무목적에 관한 수직적 의사 소통이 원활한 교정공무원일수록 재택근무에 대한 만족도가 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다.

목적 : 조현병 환자가 겪고있는 내재적 낙인과 사회인구통계학적, 심리사회적, 정신의학적 요인의 상관성을 분석하고, 그 중 어떠한 요인이 내재적 낙인에 부정적 또는 긍정적으로 기여하는지 확인하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 1998년 1월부터 2018년 12월까지 출판된 문헌 중 조현병 환자를 대상으로 낙인과 다른 요인들의 상관관계를 분석한 연구가 포함되었다. 해외 데이터베이스는 Pubmed, CINAHL(EBSCOhost), PSYCINFO를 사용하였고, 국내는 학술연구정보서비스(Research Information Sharing Service; RISS)를 사용하였다. 해외 검색어는 “schizophrenia” AND “stigma” AND “correlation analysis”, 국내 검색어는 “조현병 또는 정신분열증” 그리고 “낙인 또는 오명” 그리고 “상관관계”를 사용하였다. 결과 : 사회인구통계학적 요인은 재정수준, 교육이 중간 수준의 상관관계로 나타났다. 심리사회적 요인은 내재적 낙인과 가장 많은 요인과 상관관계로 나타났으며, 높은 상관관계는 자기효능감, 우울, 손상회피, 레저활동, 심리적 건강, 삶의 질, 자기지향성, 사회적 관계, 자살로 나타났다. 정신의학적 요인은 심각도와 음성증상이 높은 상관관계를 보였고, 그 외에 전반적 자각, 통찰력, 치료기간, 지각된 낙인이 일관된 결과로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : 본 연구는 메타분석을 통해 내재적 낙인에 영향을 미치는 3가지 변수(사회인구통계학적, 심리사회적, 정신의학적)에 대해 상관관계를 확인하였다. 개인의 특성과 경험 등에 따라 다양한 결과를 보였고, 그에 따라 각 요인의 성격을 분석하고 해석하는 연구가 활발히 이루어져야 할 것이다.

본 논문에서는 우리나라에서 2019년 7월부터 시행된 특허법 상징벌적 손해배상제도 관련 국내외 판례 및 우리나라 입법 연혁 등에 비추어 특허 침해의 고의성 요건과 배상액 산정 시 고려사항을 분석하였다. 먼저, 특허 침해에 대한 징벌적 손해배상제도를 예전부터 도입한 미국의 사례를 분석하였다. 특히 미국은 최근 30년간 판례에 의해 징벌적 손해배상 기준에 큰 변화가 있어왔는데, 징벌적 손해배상의 대상이 되는 악의적, 고의적 특허 침해의 의미에 초점을 맞추어 판례 변화를 분석하였다. 또한, 미국 판례와 모델법에서 언급된 배상액 산정 시 고려사항과 우리나라 특허법에 도입된 고려사항을 비교하였다. 마지막으로, 징벌적 손해 배상 도입과 관련한 우리나라의 입법 연혁을 살펴봄으로써 고의적 특허 침해의 의미 및 배상액 산정 시 고려사항에 대한 입법 의도를 추론하였다. 고의적 특허침해를 위해서는 침해자에게 유효한 특허의 보호범위에 속하는 발명을 실시하고 있다는 인식이 필요하다. 이를 위해 특허권자는 경고장이나 특허심판원의 권리범위확인심판 심결 등을 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 침해자는 특허의 무효성 또는 비침해 판단을 담은 전문가의 의견이나 경고장의 주장을 반박하는 답변서 등을 통해 대응할 수 있어야 할 것이다. 다만, 침해자에게 최소한의 선행기술분석 의무를 지우기 위해서는 중과실에 의한 침해 또한 징벌적 손해배상의 대상에 포함시키는 것이 합리적일 것이라고 고려된다. 또한, 징벌적 손해배상액을 산정할 때 판사에게 여러 가지 요소를 종합적으로 분석하도록 재량을 부여하는 것이 필요하다. 징벌적 손해배상이 무고한 사람에게 미치는 부정적 영향, 소송당사자로서의 침해자의 행동 또는 침해자가 침해 행위를 숨기려 했는지의 여부 등의 고려사항을 추가 하는 것도 생각해볼 수 있을 것이다.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze factors affecting the net income of regional and industrial fisheries cooperatives in South Korea using panel data. This paper utilizes linear or GLS regression models such as pooled OLS model, fixed effects model, and random effects model to estimate affecting factors of the net income of regional and industrial fisheries cooperatives. After reviewing various tests, we eventually select random effects model. The results, based on panel data between 2013 and 2018 year and 64 fisheries cooperatives, indicate that capital and area dummy variables have positive effects and employment has negative effect on the net income of regional and industrial fisheries cooperatives as predicted. However, debt are opposite with our predictions. Specifically, it turns out that debt has positive effect on the net income of regional and industrial fisheries cooperatives although it has been increased. Additionally, this paper shows that the member of confreres does not show any significant effect on the net income of regional and industrial fisheries cooperatives in South Korea. This study is significant in that it analyzes the major factors influencing changes in the net income that have not been conducted recently for the fisheries cooperatives by region and industry.

The purpose of this study is to propose a policy improvement plan by analysis of the extinction risk factors reflecting the specificity of fishing villages, fishing village support policies, and settlement conditions of fishing villages as one of the solutions to the immediate problem of fishing village extinction. The results of the study show the higher the level of number of fishing ports, number of returning rural population, and housing diffusion rate, the dependent variable extinction risk index was a positive effect while vacant house ratio and aged house ratio was analyzed to be in was a negative (-) relationship with the dependent variable.The policy implications through this study were to prepare an effective policy to reduce the risk of extinction, to improve urgent settlement conditions, and to prepare a condition to convert returning rural population into fishery population.

Background: The prevalence of neck pain and neck dysfunction is high in general population. However, there is little literature on the relationship and factors affecting neck pain and neck dysfunction. Objective: To investigate the correlation between neck and shoulder pain, headaches, neck and shoulder dysfunction, and sleep quality in adults with chronic neck pain, and factors affecting neck pain and neck dysfunction. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods : The sample included 114 subjects, who had complained of chronic neck pain for more 12 weeks. We conducted a Pearson’s correlation between neck and shoulder pain, headaches, neck and shoulder dysfunction and sleep quality and a regression analysis of the related variables, thereby analyzing factors affecting neck pain and neck dysfunction. Results : In the present study, in adults with chronic neck pain, neck pain was positively correlated with the Neck Disability Index (NDI), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)-Pain score, and SPADI-Total score (p<.05). The NDI was positively correlated with neck pain, SPADI-Pain score, and SPADI-Total score, as well as with Pittsburgh Sleep Qulity Index(PSQI-K) (p<.05). Among the factors affecting neck pain, shoulder disability as assessed by the SPADI was a significantly associated with neck pain, while shoulder pain and shoulder disability determined by the SPADI were identified as significant variables among the factors affecting neck disability. Conclusion : These results indicated that as neck pain worsened , shoulder pain and neck and shoulder dysfunction also increased, which suggested that shoulder disability affected neck pain. In addition, as the neck dysfunction increased, neck pain and shoulder pain and shoulder dysfunction increased, and sleep quality deteriorated, which suggested that shoulder pain and shoulder disability affected neck disability.

The South Korean government is actively assisting the supply of the smart factory solutions to SMEs (Small & Medium-sized Enterprises) according to its manufacturing innovation 3.0 policy for the smart manufacturing as the 4th industrial revolution era unfolds. This study analyzed the impacts of the smart factory solutions, which have been supplied by the government, on the companies performances. The effects of the level of smart factory and the operation capabilities for the smart factory solutions on company performances, and the mediating effects of manufacturing capabilities have been analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The data for this survey-based study were collected from the SMEs which implemented the smart factory solutions since 2015. The results show that the level of smart factory solutions adopted and operation capabilities for the smart factories do not have direct effects on the company performances, but their mediating effects on the manufacturing capabilities matter and the manufacturing capabilities effect directly on the company performances. In addition significant factors boosting the operation capability for the smart factory and the levels of the smart factory solutions are identified. Finally, the policy direction for enhancing the smart factory effects is presented, and the future research directions along with the limitations are suggested.

Port clusters have been major concept driving competitiveness and creating an edge over other ports over a period. The clusters also have been developing in many geographical regions across the world due to various factors depending on the location and need of the region. The purpose of this research article is to study various factors affecting the Port clusters growth in Malaysia and to identify the main factors based on the variance. The responses for the factors affecting the Port clusters have been collected using the Likert scale, and Principal component analysis has been used. Four prominent factors have been identified among 19 factors based on variance using Principal component analysis. Shipping services and primary service providers were found to be major factors for the growth of Port Clusters in Malaysia. The article brings forth that there is a need for government to formulate policy concentrating towards the growth of the Shipping services lined shipping lines and primary service providers like Custom house agents and stevedoring agents for the development of port clusters in countries like Malaysia. The study shows the need to focus on Port clusters and factors that affect the development of the same.

본 연구는 장애인의 취업에 영향을 미치는 생태학적 요인들, 예컨대 인구·사회학적 요인, 취업관련 요 인, 정신적 건강요인, 장애 및 건강요인을 탐색하였다. 이에 한국장애인고용공단 고용개발원의 2016년 장애인고용 패널조사를 활용하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 이를 중심으로 연구결과를 정리하면, 인구·사 회학적 요인 중에서는 성별과 배우자 유무, 사회활동참여가 취업에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 를 통해 가정을 이루어는 것이 장애인의 경제적 자립에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 취업관련 요인 중에서는 학력과 자격증, 공공취업서비스 경험, 민간취업서비스 경험, 주변인의 취업알 선 경험 등이 취업에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 정신적 건강요인 중에서는 우울감 인지와 일상생 활 만족도가 취업에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 교육기관의 사회적 역할 및 접근성이 매우 중요하다는 사실을 파악할 수 있었다. 장애 및 건강요인 중에서는 장애정도와 주관적 건강상태, 일상생활 도움제공자 유무, 음주여부 등이 장애인의 취업에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 이러한 결과를 토대로 장애인의 취업 및 경제적 자립을 위한 방안을 제언하였으며, 더불어 장애인정책이 향후 사회통합과 자립생활을 증진할 수 있도록 경제적 자립을 촉진하는 방향으로 재편되어야 함을 주장하였다.