Elon·Musk is a business man who attracts the world’s most attention, not only because of its unusual business mind, advanced challenging consciousness and legendary entrepreneurial experience which made him the world's richest man, but also because he is good at using the trend of social network society (SNS) platform to achieve social interaction. This study uses python 3.11 software to capture and filter Musk's Weibo articles on August 18th, 2023, and makes logical analysis based on the chronological related events, so as to extract Musk’s cognitive characteristics of Chinese social media. This paper finds that Chinese social media builds Musk's image cognition through reporting and judging his career development and hot issues, the cognition varies with the dynamic changes of character events; Chinese social media focuses on fields of Tesla intelligent driving, spaceship and brain neural technology, as well as social media; Weibo articles’ cognitive characteristics of Musk's image are extreme, where the extremely positive proportion accounts for more than 60%, and the extremely negative proportion accounts for more than 10%.

본 논문에서는 최근 미국과 EU의 생성형 AI 영역 협력과 경쟁에 관 하여 분석하였다. 미국 정부는 투명성 보장, 즉 생성형 AI에 의해 제작 된 창작물임을 표시하게 함으로써 표현의 자유를 보장한다. 플랫폼에 대 한 제어 또한 원칙 제시뿐, 유포에 대한 기업의 책임은 면책대상 조항으 로 다루고 있다. 반면, EU가 최종한 AI 규제는 AI 사용에 관한 세계 최 초의 포괄적 AI 규제법이다. EU는 디지털 전략의 일환으로 AI 산업을 규제하여 혁신적 기술 개발 및 사용을 위한 더 나은 조건을 보장하고자 포괄적 입법 과정을 거치고 있다. 본고에서는 양측의 규제는 미국의 경우 ‘원칙 제시 및 자발성’ 규제 유형이며, EU의 경우 ‘규칙 기반, 강제성’ 규 제 유형으로 구분될 수 있음을 제시한다.

Today’s digital economy has gradually emerged as a new engine of innovation for China’s economic growth. However, while injecting new vitality into the Chinese economy, digital globalization has also brought a series of challenges to China, such as data security, digital divide, unregulated competition among digital platforms, and a lack of mechanisms for protecting property rights. These issues underscore China's insufficient capacity for effectively regulating and systematically governing the digital economy. In contrast, South Korean government has implemented the ‘Korea Digital Strategy’ (KDS) and the ‘Basic Law for Promoting the Revitalization and Utilization of Data’ (Data Industry Act) to foster the development of the digital economy industry. These measures effectively solve the problems of digital industry development and governance, and thus improve the legal system of South Korea’s digital economy. Therefore, this study compares the construction of digital economy legal system in China and South Korea through comparative analysis, summarizes the experience of digital economy legal system construction in South Korea, and offers three insights for the development of China’s digital economy legal system. Firstly, China needs to improve the coordination of its laws for the digital economy, avoid repetitive and overlapping legislation, and enhance the scientificity and authority of legislation; Secondly, China needs to adopt a systematic and comprehensive approach to legislating and governing the digital economy, ensuring the consistency and coherence of the system; Thirdly, China needs to conduct more basic research, pay attention to the ethical and legal implications, and keep the legal system up to date, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the law.

이 연구는 텍스트마이닝 방법을 활용하여 팡팡의 우한일기 텍스트를 해체, 조합 하고 페어클로프의 비판적 담론 분석(Critical Discourse Analysis) 모형을 적용, 우 한일기의 담론 구조와 양상을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 우한일기 ‘제목+본문’ 구조 에서 정보성 담론과 의견과 주장 담론을 선택적 배치하였다. ‘武汉’, ‘疫情’ 등 단어와 ‘愤怒, ‘武汉人’, ‘医生朋友’, ‘极左’ 등 단어가 핵심어로 선정되었다. 담론적 실천은 1. ‘우한 봉쇄 상황’ 정보성 담론, 2.‘우한 지역의 코로나 상황’ 정보성 담론, 3.‘대응 실패 책임론’ 의견, 주장의 담론, 4.‘봉쇄된 시민의 일상과 비극’ 정보와 주장 혼합 담론, 5. ‘반대 의견자의 공격’ 상호텍스트성 담론이 도출되었다. 반대 의견의 ‘极左’ 담론은 텍스트 밖에서 ‘증오와 갈등’ 담론으로 탈·접합되었다.

본고는 대화의 의도성을 연구 문제로 하여, 법정 대화, 易中天, 赵薇의 인터뷰 대 화를 화용론 시각에서 분석하였다. 대화의 의도성 정도 파악은 언어 배후의 의미가 대화 전체에 미치는 영향을 이해하는 데 도움을 준다. 본고는 대화 전체 화제와 단 락 화제를 통해 의도성 정도의 일차적 판단 후, 인접쌍과 화행의 분석하여 이를 의 도성과 구체적으로 연결하였다. 분석 결과 의도성이 명확한 정도는 법정 대화 > 易 中天 > 赵薇의 인터뷰 대화 순으로 나타났다. 단계별 분석을 통하여 객관적인 분석, 도식화를 통한 인터뷰 과정을 직관적으로 관찰을 시도한 점에서 의의가 있다.

In this study, we report the microstructural evolution and shear strength of an Sn-Sb alloy, used for die attach process as a solder layer of backside metal (BSM). The Sb content in the binary system was less than 1 at%. A chip with the Sn-Sb BSM was attached to a Ag plated Cu lead frame. The microstructure evolution was investigated after die bonding at 330 °C, die bonding and isothermal heat treatment at 330 °C for 5 min and wire bonding at 260 °C, respectively. At the interface between the chip and lead frame, Ni3Sn4 and Ag3Sn intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layers and pure Sn regions were confirmed after die bonding. When the isothermal heat treatment is conducted, pure Sn regions disappear at the interface because the Sn is consumed to form Ni3Sn4 and Ag3Sn IMCs. After the wire bonding process, the interface is composed of Ni3Sn4, Ag3Sn and (Ag,Cu)3Sn IMCs. The Sn-Sb BSM had a high maximum shear strength of 78.2 MPa, which is higher than the required specification of 6.2 MPa. In addition, it showed good wetting flow.

The present study was carried out to investigate the concentration and species diversity of airborne fungi in thermophilic mushroom cultivation houses. Fungal concentration measurements were performed in April and May 2022 for a Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation house, in July and August 2023 for a Pleurotus sajor-caju and Agaricus blazei cultivation house, and in June, July and August 2023 for a Pleurotus pulmonarius, Pleurotus sajor-caju and Calocybe indica cultivation house. The airborne fungal concentration was 2.95 × 102 CFU/m3~105CFU/m3, above 105CFU/m3, and 1.12 × 103 CFU/m3~ 9.17 × 103 CFU/m3 in the three cultivation houses, respectively. A total of 8 genera and 22 species of airborne fungi were isolated from three mushroom cultivation houses. 5 genera and 7 species were identified from P. ostreatus cultivation house. Furthermore, 4 genera 6 species were found from A. blazei and C. indica cultivation house. In addition, 5 genera and15 species were isolated from P. pulmonarius, P. sajor-caju and C. indica cultivation house. Among the fungi isolated, the class of Eurotiomycetes was the most common. Among the 22 fungal species, Aspergillus flavus, A. ochraceus A. sydowii, A. tubingensis, A. westerdijkiae, Penicillium brevicompactum, P. citrinum, and P. steckii have been reported as harmful species to mushrooms, food, and human.

In this study, we investigated the dynamic characteristics of three irregular building models to analyze the effectiveness of displacement response control with Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) installation in twisted irregular buildings. The three irregular models were developed with a fixed angle of twist per story at one degree, subjected to three historical seismic loads and resonant harmonic loads. By designing TMDs with linear and dashpot attributes, we varied the total mass ratio of the installed TMDs from 0.00625% to 1.0%, encompassing a total of 10 values. Two TMDs were installed at the center of the top story of the analysis model in both X and Y directions to evaluate displacement response control performance based on TMD installation. Our findings suggest that the top displacement response control performance was most effective when a 1.0% TMD was installed at the top layer of the analysis model.

본문은 최근 중국어 연구에서 화두로 떠오르는 ‘양범주’ 이론을 통해, 품사분류의 기준으로 작용하는 의미범주나 어법범주가 어떻게 양화(量化)되어 나타나는지를 명 사의 속성 대립을 통해 간략히 고찰해 보았다. 본래 ‘양범주’ 분석은 실사의 속성을 기반으로 범주를 분석한 것으로, 명사의 공간성과 동사의 시간성, 그리고 형용사의 정도성을 제시하고 있다. 중국어에서는 개별 단어의 품사 경계가 모호함으로, 본문에 서 제시하는 명사의 양범주는 구문에서 체언으로 기능하는 성분이 어떻게 양화(量 化)되어 명사성을 드러내는지를 의미와 기능으로 구분하여 살펴보았다. 또 체언의 속 성 양범주인 공간성을 구성하는 ‘공간량’과 ‘물량’이 실제 구문에서 어떻게 인지되는 지를 ‘방위사와 ‘양사’의 대비분석을 통해 접근해 보았다.

This study presents code-compliant seismic details by addressing dry mechanical splices for precast concrete (PC) beam-column connections in the ACI 318-19 code. To this end, critical observations of previous test results on precast beam-column connection specimens with the proposed seismic detail are briefly reported in this study, along with a typical reinforced concrete (RC) monolithic connection. On this basis, nonlinear dynamic models were developed to verify seismic responses of the PC emulative moment-resisting frame systems. As the current design code allows only the emulative design approach, this study aims at identifying the seismic performances of PC moment frame systems depending on their emulative levels, for which two extreme cases were intentionally chosen as the non-emulative (unbonded self-centering with marginal energy dissipation) and fully-emulative connection details. Their corresponding hysteresis models were set by using commercial finite element analysis software. According to the current seismic design provisions, a typical five-story building was designed as a target PC building. Subsequently, nonlinear dynamic time history analyses were performed with seven ground motions to investigate the impact of emulation level or hysteresis models (i.e., energy dissipation performance) on system responses between the emulative and non-emulative PC moment frames. The analytical results showed that both the base shear and story drift ratio were substantially reduced in the emulative system compared to that of the non-emulative one, and it indicates the importance of the code-compliant (i.e., emulative) connection details on the seismic performance of the precast building.

The objective of this study was to conduct research and analysis using Group Focus Interview to survey the between construction site workers and managers implementing for the Severe Accident Punishment Act. Focused on measures to improve safety management effectiveness for the effectiveness of establishing a safety management system. A plan to improve the efficient safety management system was presented to 50 construction industrial managers and workers. In order to ensure the industrial accident prevention policies appropriately, it is necessary to be aware of safety obligations for workers as well as business operators. In addition, despite the existence of a commentary on the Serious Accident Punishment Act, confusion in the field still persists, so in the event of a major accidents, the obligation to take safety and health education is strengthened, and effective case education is proposed by teaching actual accident cases suitable for actual working sites. It is necessary to make all training mandatory, and it is necessary to reconsider awareness through writing a daily safety log, awareness of risk factors, etc., and writing down risk information. Above all, at the construction ordering stage, it is necessary to keep the construction safety, request corrections and supplements for problems issues that arise, and consult between the orderer and the construction company about the problems issues. Rather than having only the construction company correct or supplement the safety management plan, the contents should be shared with supervisors and workers to establish a more practical solution. Results of this study will contribute to improving the effectiveness of the serious accident and construction safety management system.

Non-uniform reinforced concrete brace facade systems are newly considered to improve seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame buildings under lateral load. For normal and high strength concrete of 30MPa, 80MPa, and 120MPa, the cross-sections of reinforced concrete brace facade systems were designed as different size with same amount of reinforcements. The strengthened frame systems were analyzed by a non-linear two-dimensional finite element technique which was considering material non-linearities of concrete and reinforcing bars under monotonic and cyclic loadings. From the study of non-linear analysis of the systems, therefore, it was provided that the proposed braced facade systems were reliable to improve laterally load-carrying capacity and minimize damages of concrete members through comparisons of load-displacement curves, crack patterns, and stress distributions of reinforcing bars predicted by current non-linear finite element analysis of frame specimens.

본 연구는 Google Play에서 수집된 Instagram 사용자 리뷰에 대한 심층 분석을 통해, 이 연구는 애플리케이션의 성능과 사용자 만족도에 대한 중요한 통찰력을 얻고자 한다. 텍스트 마이닝과 감성 분석 기술을 활용하여 사용자 리뷰에 담긴 감성과 의견을 체계적으로 파악하며, 이를 통해 앱의 개선점과 사용자 경험을 깊이 이해하려고 한다. 인스타그램 리뷰가 사용자들의 다양한 경험을 어떻게 반영하는지, 그리고 앱의 장단점을 어떻게 드러내는지를 분석 한다. 이를 위해 나이브 베이즈 알고리즘을 사용한 감성 분석을 수행하며, 이 결과는 인스타그램 서비스 개선에 도움 이 될 것으로 기대된다. 연구는 또한 개발자들이 사용자 피드백을 더 잘 이해하고 활용하는 데 도움을 주며, 결국 사용자 만족도를 향상시키는 데 기여할 것으로 예상된다. 이 연구는 소셜 미디어 사용 패턴과 사용자 의견의 복잡한 관계를 탐색하고, 이를 통해 더 나은 사용자 경험을 제공하는 방안을 모색한다.

In this paper, in order to study the relationship between the safety culture of highway management agencies and disaster reduction activities (BCMS), a measurement tool was identified through previous research on safety culture, and the validity of the measurement tool was confirmed through exploratory factor analysis. I want to check. The subjects of the study were workers belonging to disaster reduction activity management system certification organizations among highway management organizations. The highway management agencies are the Korea Expressway Corporation, which manages the functional continuity of national highways nationwide, and 8 of the 21 private road agencies that manage the functional continuity of the highways. The safety culture measurement tool is an indicator that measures safety culture factors, and is reorganized by the researcher based on survey items from previous studies, with management/manager safety values and attitudes, safety communication, safety education and training, and safety regulations/ management system as subfactors. A total of 24 questions were comprised of the survey tool. As a result of the study, the result of exploratory factor analysis was that the safety culture scale was extracted into four factors based on theoretical grounds, and the total cumulative variance was 80.360%. When checking the questions for each factor, it was found that all the questions loaded on the factor that was originally intended to be measured. Factor 1 is management, factor 2 is safety, and factor 3 is communication., Factor 4 was named education. Number of questions: 4 management questions, 3 safety questions, communication It consisted of 4 questions and 2 education questions.

A Smart factories are systems that enable quick response to customer demands, reduce defect rates, and maximize productivity. They have evolved from manual labor-intensive processes to automation and now to cyber-physical systems with the help of information and communication technology. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are still unable to implement even the initial stages of smart factories due to various environmental and economic constraints. Additionally, there is a lack of awareness and understanding of the concept of smart factories. To address this issue, the Cooperationbased Smart Factory Construction Support Project was launched. This project is a differentiated support project that provides customized programs based on the size and level of the company. Research has been conducted to analyze the impact of this project on participating and non-participating companies. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of the support policy and suggest efficient measures for improvement. Furthermore, the research aims to provide direction for future support projects to enhance the manufacturing competitiveness of SMEs. Ultimately, the goal is to improve the overall manufacturing industry and drive innovation.

This study divided the area capable of producing domestic forage into grazing pasture, hay production area, and silage crop area, calculated the required area according to the forage production volume, and examined whether self-sufficiency in forage leads to cost savings. When the self-sufficiency rate of forage for dairy cows and Hanwoo is 80%, the improvement in profitability per heaf ranges from 3% to 9%, typically around 5%, which is considered a significant benefit for both corporate and individual businesses. The average profit per ranch is expected to increase about KRW 50 million per year, and the country as a whole is expected to reduce forage costs by KRW 0.9 trillion per year. Recently, efforts are being made by the government and local authorities to cultivate summer forage at the rice fields for improving self-sufficiency in forage feed to stabilize rice supply and demand. Furthermore, it is also necessary to conduct research on reducing the cost of concentrated feed and TMR (Total mixed ration).

In ecosystems within limited resources, interspecific competition is inevitable, often leading to the competitive exclusion of inferior species. This study aims to provide foundational information for the conservation and restoration management of Microphysogobio rapidus by evaluating species’ ecological response to biological factors within its habitat. To understand this relationship, we collected food web organisms from site where M. rapidus coexist with Microphysogobio yaluensis, a specie ecologically similar to M. rapidus, and evaluated the trophic levels (TL), isotopic niche space (INS), and the overlap of INS among fishes within the habitat using stable isotope analysis. Our analysis revealed that the M. rapidus exhibited a higher TL than M. yaluensis, with TL of 2.6 and 2.4, respectively. M. yaluensis exhibited a broad INS, significantly influencing the feeding characteristics of most fish. Conversely, M. rapidus showed a narrow INS and asymmetric feeding relationships with other species, in habitats with high competition levels. This feeding characteristics of M. rapidus indicate that the increase in competitors sharing the similar resources lead to a decrease in available resources and, consequently, is expected to result in a decrease in their density.

복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae)은 다식성으로 담배, 감자, 고추, 배추, 복숭아 등에 심각한 피해를 입히는 대표적인 농업해충이다. 본 연구에 서는 국내 복숭아혹진딧물 야외개체군의 λ-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid 및 flupyradifurone에 대한 약제 저항성 발달 수준과 점 돌연변이(R81T, L1014F, M918L)의 발생 여부를 확인하였다. 또한, qRT-PCR을 통해 사이토크롬 P450 유전자인 CYP6CY3 발현량을 확인하였다. 그 결과, λ -cyhalothrin은 저항성비(Resistance Ratio, RR)가 12개 모든 지역이 > 200으로 높은 저항성을 보였다. Imidacloprid와 flupyradifurone은 YS, UR, HY, 그리고 WJ 개체군에서 > 200의 저항성비로 높은 저항성을 나타냈다. R81T는 12개 집단 중 약 50%, L1014F는 약 33.3%, M918L은 100%에서 발현하였다. 또한 qRT-PCR을 통해 imidacloprid 저항성 개체에서 subunit CYP6CY3의 발현량이 높게 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 이러 한 결과는 M918L 점 돌연변이는 λ-cyhalothrin 저항성 진단마커로, R81T와 CYP6CY3의 높은 발현은 imidacloprid 저항성 진단마커로 활용이 가능하다는 것을 시사한다.

With the increasing cultural exchanges, ethnic exchanges and international exchanges in the 21st century, the distance between countries and peoples has been gradually narrowed, and it is the urgent desire of every country to achieve peace, stability and development together. In this international situation, a new idea, “multicultural education”, has been born, which is to safeguard and protect the equal and common right to education of people of all countries by means of the power of education. One of the main objectives of multicultural education is to provide students with the necessary knowledge, culture and skills to help them better stand firm in the context of different ethnic cultures, community cultures, social mainstream cultures and cross-ethnic cultures, aiming to eliminate the concept of integration or homogenization, and avoid seeing all students as individuals with the same cultural background and experience. It’s about respecting and acknowledging their diversity. Multicultural education is not only a process of educational reform, but also a positive educational idea or value concept, which is of great significance to modern society and an important way to meet the diversified needs of students and improve the quality of education. At the same time, it also helps to cultivate students’ understanding and respect for different cultures and promotes the development of global citizenship. The concept of multicultural education has been clearly reflected in many disciplines, and the field of art is no exception. This concept emphasizes the importance of arts education in promoting cultural diversity and national identity. Through exposure to and learning about the music of different countries, nationalities and regions, students can also better understand and appreciate the value and uniqueness of various cultures, while strengthening their identity and pride in their own culture. From the perspective of multi-culture, Chinese music education has experienced a series of changes and development in the past period of time, and at the same time ushered in unprecedented opportunities and challenges. According to relevant research findings, China began to explore and study multicultural music education many years ago, and although it has made some achievements, there are still many problems. Based on this, this paper summarizes the problems exposed by Chinese music education under the multicultural situation, and explores and analyzes how to achieve better and more long-term development of Chinese music education under the multicultural perspective based on these problems.

In this paper, as there are many cases of fires occurring due to the failure or inoperability of the thermostat of electronic products, the purpose is to test and analyze the risks and probabilities through fire cases and reproduction experiments, and suggest countermeasures. Among electronic products, water purifiers are composed of a refrigerant system with a compressor to make cold water, a heating device to make hot water, and an electric device used as an energy source. Due to the nature of the water purifier manufacturing, these devices are subject to a lot of moisture and dust. etc. exist in large quantities and use electrical energy, so there is a possibility of fire due to short circuit in the wire, electrical abnormal overheating (tracking phenomenon) in the thermostat, electronic board, starting relay, etc., and overheating of the heating device (Band Heater). there is. Therefore, in order to prevent fires from these devices, a system to remove foreign substances inside the water purifier is necessary, the use of heat-resistant (fire-resistant) wires for electrical devices is essential, and the use of non-combustible materials (semi-combustible materials) for each part is necessary to prevent fire. The risk must be eliminated through prevention and combustion expansion prevention devices.