Benign thyroid nodule is a common disease. However, little is known about the natural course of it. The objective of the study was to evaluate the changes of ultrasonographic (US) findings and the fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. During 2 years, most of them have been in a benign natural course. However, we should note that malignant US findings is strongly associated with papillary thryoid carcinoma, though FNA revealed benign. Among them, our results would suggest that taller than wide feature in US finding is associated with malignancy

암의 3대 표준요법중의 하나인 방사선치료는 전통적으로 악성 종양인 암의 근치적 혹은 고식적 치료외에도 일부 증식성이거나 염증성을 보이는 양성 질환에서도 그동안 꾸준하게 시행되어왔다. 양성질환의 경우 악성 종양과는 달리 약물요법이나 보존요법 또는 수술로 만족할 만한 치료성적을 낼 수 있으나 이런 치료들이 실패하거나 불가능한 경우 저선량의 방사선치료를 추가하거나 병용하여 시행하는 경우 인체에 큰 문제없이 안전하고 용이하게 통증완화나 재발율을 의미있게 낮출 수 있다. 최근 방사선치료기법의 발달로 정상조직을 최대한 보존하면서 원하는 부위로의 집중적 치료가 가능해지면서 특히 노인에게서 유용한 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

The term euphemism is not polysemous. However it is frequently employed in a 2-way form; sometimes as a channel to convey Speaker's innocuous indirect message (euphemism) and in other times as a device to hide Speaker's malicious intention (doublespeak). The former is intended to promote politeness from Speaker to Hearer and the other is a manipulated form to secure Speaker‘s unduly profit at the cost of Hearer. This paper discusses what distinguishes benign euphemism from malicious doublespeak. This writer probes into the similarities and dissimilarities between euphemism and doublespeak by comparing Allen & Burridge (1991) and Lutz (1989) and proposes Leech's (1987) cost-benefit module as a possible criterion for telling benign euphemism from malicious doublespeak. Overall this research tries to shed light on how language can be manipulated to Speaker's purposes.

Cases of schwannoma of the gastrointestinal tract are rare; most of these tumors are found in the stomach and the small intestine. Cases of cecal schwannoma are extremely rare. Here, we report on a case of cecal schwannoma confirmed pathologically after laparoscopic resection.