In this study, the applicability of biodiesel fuel was investigated as an hopeful alternative fuel for a compression ignition engine. The exhausted smoke emission of biodiesel fuel was reduced remarkably in comparison with commercial diesel fuel, that is, it was reduced approximately 64% at 2500 rpm, full load condition. And, torque, power and brake specific energy consumption rate did not showed significant differences. But, NOx emission of biodiesel fuel was slightly increased in comparison with the commercial diesel fuel. Generation of CO2 is considerably reduced by photosynthetic action in the course of growing biomass series plants, the material for biodiesel fuel.