Aim of this study is to investigate the nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, and dietary habits by the gender in high school students in Chungnam province. Girls students had a higher score than boys students for nutritional knowledge, not in the significant difference. However, boys students had a higher score for dietary behaviors than girls students. Dietary habits showed a significant difference in the unbalanced food habit and eating speed by the gender, and the eating speed of boys students was faster than that of girls students. For boys students, the nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors did not have the significant correlation. Otherwise, girls students had the positive correlation between the nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors, and had the characteristics of behaviors that the higher the nutritional knowledge score, the better eating habit. In addition, the boys and girls students had the positive correlation between the score of nutritional knowledge and the frequency of breakfast, and the score of nutritional knowledge and the frequency/regularity of breakfast, respectively. Because some dietary habits/behaviors are related closely to their nutritional knowledge, the high school students need the systematic and steady nutritional education to apply their known nutritional knowledge to actual life.

베이비붐 세대는 현재와 미래에 영향력 있는 주 소비계층 으로 기존 노인세대와는 차별화된 식행동을 보이고, 다양한 라이프스타일로 새로운 시장을 형성할 것으로 예측되는 바, 본 연구에서는 예비노년층인 50대 베이비부머 세대 여성들 을 대상으로 현재의 건강과 생활습관, 식습관 상태, 그리고 식생활 행동 양식 및 미래 식생활 요구도를 조사, 분석하였 다. 본 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조사 대상자의 평균 연령은 52.6±2.3세이었고, 대부분 고 졸 학력(63.1%)에 핵가족 형태(76.1%)를 이루고 있었으며, 58.8% 가 아파트에 거주하고 있었다. 전업주부는 39.0%이었고, 29.7% 가 종일제 직장을 갖고 있었으며, 한 달 수입은 200만 원 미 만이라고 응답한 사람들이 44.3%로 가장 많았다. 현재의 삶 에 대해 8.1%만이 불만족하다고 응답하였고, 스트레스 정도는 75.6%가 약간만 느낀다고 하여 스트레스가 매우 심하거나(11.5%), 거의 없다(12.9%)는 비율보다 훨씬 많았다. 2. 조사 대상자들의 BMI는 59.0%가 정상군이었으나, 38.2% 가 체중 과다 및 비만으로 평가되었다. 현재 응답자의 2.8% 만이 흡연을 하고 있었고, 비음주자가 63.0%로서 음주 및 흡 연률은 높지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 과반수에 가까운 42.9%의 응답자는 규칙적인 운동을 하고 있지 않다고 하였 고, 정기적으로 건강검진을 받고 있다고 응답한 사람은 78.0% 이었다. 3. 식생활 습관을 평가한 결과, 100점 기준 본 조사 대상자 의 평균 점수는 70.6±11.8점으로 ‘보통’군에 속하였다. 식습 관 점수는 교육 수준(p<0.01), 소득 수준(p<0.01), 가족 형태 (p<0.05), 삶의 만족도(p<0.001), 스트레스 정도(p<0.001)에 따 라 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 또한 건강 및 생활습관 요인 중 흡연(p<0.05)과 음주(p<0.05), 규칙적 운동 실시 여부(p<0.001), 정기적인 건강검진 유무(p<0.05), 수면시간(p<0.05)과 관계가 있어 건강한 생활습관을 가진 사람들의 경우, 식습관 점수가 유의적으로 더 높았다. 4. 하루 3끼 결식률은 아침, 점심, 저녁식사 각각 18.2%, 1.1%, 5.2%이었다. 외식 빈도는 월 1~3회(32.4%)와 주 1~2회 (28.5%)라는 응답이 많았다. 식재료 구매 횟수는 55.7%가 1주 에 1~2회 정도라고 하였으며, 주로 구매하는 물품은 채소와 과일, 육류와 같은 식재료로서(79.6%), 응답자의 84.0%가 직 접 집에서 반찬을 만들고 있었다. 가정 내에서 식사를 준비하 는 사람은 주부 본인인 경우가 91.3%로 가장 많았고, 평균 식 사 준비시간은 1시간 내외이었다. 5. 미래 식생활 요구 형태를 조사하였던 바, 나이가 들면서 가장 어려울 것으로 예상되는 가사일인 식사 준비(49.4%)가 문제가 되는 이유는, 조리하기가 점점 귀찮아지기 때문(55.2%) 이었으며, 향후 노인이 되었을 때는 46.4%만이 본인들이 직 접 조리하여 먹겠다고 하였다. 실버타운을 포함한 노인복지 시설에서의 급식에 대하여 영양사가 계획한 건강한 음식이 고(40.7%), 식사 준비에서 해방될 수 있을 것이라는(36.3%) 긍 정적인 반응이 있던 반면, 시설급식을 원하지 않는 이유는 노 인복지시설에서 살고 싶지 않거나(48.8%), 시설급식이 맛이 없을 것이라는 선입견도 31.3%나 되었다. 국이나 반찬 배달 전문업체에 대한 인지도 조사 결과, 조사 대상자의 60.1%는 이미 알고 있었고, 응답자의 39.9%가 향후 이러한 배달식업 체로부터 국이나 반찬을 정기적으로 배달하여 먹을 의향이 있다고 하였으며, 학력이 높을수록 배달식을 이용하겠다는 경향이 높았다(p<0.05). 배달식업체를 이용할 경우, 국과 반찬 모두 구입하겠다는 응답자는 33.3%이었고, 가능한 지출금액 은 38.9%가 10~15만 원을, 26.8%는 5~10만 원이라고 응답하 였다. 배달식을 이용할 경우 고려하는 사항으로는 위생(43.7%), 영양(28.7%), 맛(18.4%), 가격(6.3%), 회사의 인지도(2.9%) 순 으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과들을 종합해볼 때 베이비붐 세대는 경제발전 과 건강 및 교육 수준의 향상, 그리고 이에 따른 사회․문화 적 욕구의 상승 등으로 인해 식생활 형태에서 기존의 노령 세대와는 다름을 알 수 있었다. 일례로 본 연구에서 지적되었 듯이 많은 응답자가 식사 준비를 귀찮아하고 있음에 따라 외 식을 하거나, 편이식품을 구입하여 집에서 간단히 조리해 먹 겠다는 경향을 보이고 있다. 가족관계 및 사회경제적인 다양 한 요인들로 인해 가정 내 식생활 패턴이 변화되고 있는 것이 다. 이러한 라이프스타일의 변화에 맞추어 가정에서 짧은 시 간에 간편하게 조리할 수 있는 가공식품이나 반찬 전문 서비 스 사업, 조리에 대한 부담과 시간을 덜어주는 배달 메뉴의 이용은 앞으로 새로운 트렌드를 형성해 나갈 것으로 전망된 다. 현재 노년 여성과 현 중년 여성의 이러한 여러 상황의 차 이를 고려하고, 베이비붐 세대의 식생활 가치 및 식생활 행동 에 초점을 맞추어, 고령화시대에 중요한 위치에 있지만 상대 적으로 연구가 이루어지지 않은 이들 세대에 대한 적절한 식 생활 모델의 개발이 이루어져야 한다고 사료된다.

This study was carried out to analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and general characteristics, psychological factors, eating habits, dietary behaviors, and health related quality of life using survey of 335 women aged 20 to 29 years in the Seoul and Kyungin areas. The 335 study subjects were divided into 4 groups by BMI (㎏/㎡) levels; normal group(18.5≤BMI≤22.9), overweight group(23.0≤BMI≤24.9), mild obesity group(25.0≤BMI≤29.9), and heavy obesity group (BMI≥30) by Asian-Pacific obesity index criteria. The family income of the heavy obesity group was significantly (p<0.05) less than that of the normal weight group. Psychological factors, such as stress and depression of the normal weight group tended to be higher than those of overweight and obesity groups. The higher BMI level had the lower self-efficacy(p<0.05) among all subjects. As the BMI level increased, the preference for sweet, salty, and hot taste was significantly high. We found that normal weight women had healthier eating habits and dietary behaviors and a higher level of health-related quality of life than did those who were overweight, mildly obese, and heavily obese women. Overweight and mildly and heavily obese women were strongly associated with decreased physical and mental health related quality of life. Therefore, weight loss is desirable, and is likely to be beneficial for health-related quality of life in obese adult women. In conclusion, this study contains evidence to suggest that obesity management programs including different strategies according to obesity are required to determine the types of programs that are suitable for adult women, prior to their initiation of a program. The findings are helpful to inform researchers and practitioners who are seeking to implement appropriate strategies to create positive changes in the health behaviors of obese adult women.

1. 본 연구의 조사 대상자인 경기 북부(의정부, 양주, 동두천)에 거주하는 대학생을 성별을 기준으로 구분하여 대학생의 식생활 습관을 알아보기 위하여 먼저 아침식사와 점심식사의 식습관 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 이들 중 ‘매일 먹는다’ 라고 응답한 학생들(38.2, 31.6%)을 제외한 나머지 학생들을 대상으로 조사한 아침 결식의 가장 큰 이유로 ‘시간이 없어서’라고 응답하였고, 아침식사의 종류는 남학생과 여학생이 각각 ‘밥과 반찬’ 79.7, 84.0%로 주식이 쌀인 우리나라는 아침식사의 형태가 밥을 먹는 경우가 월등히 많았다. 점심식사는 아침식사와 달리 규칙적으로 하고 결식률이 낮은 것은 기존의 연구 결과와 유사하였다. 점심식사 장소는 남학생과 여학생 모두 교내 식당보다 외부 식당 이용이 훨씬 많았고, 점심식사의 종류는 남학생과 여학생이 각각 ‘밥 위주 한식’ 70.8, 56.3%, ‘주먹밥 및 볶음밥류’ 16.9, 7.5%, ‘국수 면류’ 3.4, 23.0%의 순으로 나타나, 주로 밥을 먹는 경우가 많았으나, 남학생은 여학생과 다르게 ‘주먹밥 및 볶음밥류’의 섭취가 많았고, 여학생은 남학생과 달리 ‘국수 면류’의 섭취가 많았다. 조사대상자의 점심식사 비용은 남학생과 여학생이 각각 ‘4,000~ 7,000원 미만’ 67.4, 70.1%로 조사되고, 조사 대상자의 한 달 용돈 금액이 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘20~30만 원’ 24.7, 31.6%, ‘10~20만 원’ 21.3, 27.6%인 것을 볼 때 용돈에서 점심식사 비용이 대부분 차지하는 것을 알 수 있다. 2. 조사 대상자의 간식 습관을 알아보기 위하여 간식 섭취빈도를 조사한 결과, 간식 섭취 횟수는 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘하루 1회’ 47.2, 51.7%, ‘하루 2~3회’ 31.5, 39.7%의 순으로 나타냈다. 간식을 먹는 시간은 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘점심~저녁 사이’ 67.4, 67.8%, ‘저녁식사 후’ 21.3, 8.6%, ‘아침~점심사이’ 7.9, 14.4%로 나타났다. 간식을 하는 주된 이유를 살펴보면 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘배가 고파서’ 46.1, 28.2%, ‘심심해서’ 15.7, 15.5%, ‘습관적으로’ 9.0, 22.4% 등으로 다양하게 나타났다. 주로 먹는 간식의 종류를 살펴보면 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘과자류’ 25.8, 19.0%, ‘음료수’ 18.0, 14.4%, ‘빵류’ 16.9, 13.2% 순으로 과자류를 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났고, 야식 섭취 횟수를 조사한 결과, 남학생과 여학생 모두 ‘일주일에 1~2회’가 56.2, 62.1%로 가장 많았다. 3. 향후 젊은 세대가 선호하는 실버타운이나 노인복지 시설의 급식에 대한 기초 자료 조사를 위하여 만 65세 이상의 노인이 되었을 때를 가정하여 조사한 식사 형태는 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘직접 조리하여 먹기를 원한다’ 48.9 48.9%, ‘주로 외식하기를 원한다’ 20.2, 10.9%, ‘전문급식업체로부터 국이나 반찬을 배달하여 먹기를 원한다’ 11.2, 21.8%의 순으로 나타났다. 노인이 되었을 때 정기적으로 음식을 제공받을 의향은 남학생과 여학생 각각 52.2, 55.7%이었으며, 이들 중 정기 배달식 의향이 있다고 응답한 학생들을 대상으로 조사한 배달식의 고려 사항은 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘맛’ 38.7, 24.7%, ‘위생’ 35.5, 47.4%, ‘영양’ 19.4, 22.7% 순이었다. 실버타운이나 노인복지시설의 시설급식 의향은 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘예’ 47.2, 48.3%이며, 이들을 대상으로 조사한 시설급식을 원하는 이유로는 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘비교적 저렴한 가격에 이용할 수 있어 경제적이다’ 30.9, 22.6%, ‘식사 준비에서 해방될 수 있다’ 21.4, 23.8% 순이었고, 시설급식 의향이 없는 남학생과 여학생들을 대상으로 조사한 시설급식을 원하지 않는 이유로는 남학생과 여학생 각각 ‘실버타운이나 노인복지 시설에 기거하고 싶지 않다’ 36.5, 45.6%, ‘다른 장소로 이동하여 먹고 싶지 않다’ 11.8, 10.0% 순이었다.

This study is conducted to compare the problems affecting dietary habits and health status between a long-term exercise group and non-exercise group of males older than 50 years. Most subjects of the two groups consider regular exercise to be the most important factor for maintaining health, and recognize hypertension as the number one concern. The most common nutritional supplement among subjects is multiple vitamins, and sleeping time range from 6~8 hours. Breakfast fasting rate was 15.9% among non-exercise group (NEG), where overeating and eating out rates were higher among exercise group (EG) when comparing to NEG. Fasting rates of breakfast, and consumption rates of milk and dairy products, vegetables such as kimchi, and fruits and fruit juices are higher among the EG. Overeating and eating out rates are lower among NEG, whereas eating rates of proteins like meat, fish, eggs, beans, fried foods, high-fat meats carbonated drinks, ice cream, and salt intakes are higher. Rates of health, dietary habits, and nutrient intakes are higher among EG. Energy intakes among the two groups were below the standard level, Vitamin B2 intake is low in EG, and folic acid and calcium intakes were higher in NEG. The exercising group care more about health, eating habits and nutrient intakes, and low smoking rates are being observed. Thus, specific dietary improvement programs for adult men, are required, and it is necessary to consider the practice of nutrition education.

This study was conducted to obtain principal data on nutrition education according to college major after analyzing the nutrition status of 302 male university subjects. The 302 male subjects consisted of male students majoring in literature and science (109), food and nutrition (94), and physical education (99). Exactly 47.9% (highest among the groups) of male students majoring in food and nutrition ate regular meals, 39.4% ate breakfast. Precisely 29.4% of subjects majoring in literature and science never ate out. Exactly 23.2% of subjects majoring in physical education over ate frequently, and 31.3% enjoyed eating out. Intakes of protein, fat, vitamin A, B1, B2, B6, C, E, folic acid, Ca, Fe, sodium, and cholesterol among male students majoring in food and nutrition appeared to be significantly higher compared to those of other groups (p<0.05). Intakes of energy, Zn, dietary fiber, and cholesterol among male students majoring in physical education were higher, whereas intakes of all nutrients except for dietary fiber by subjects majoring in literature and science were lower than the other two groups. Exactly 20.2% of male students were interested in health. We found that 52.4% of subjects considered exercise as an important factor for maintaining health. Smoking rate was the highest (43.6%) among male students majoring in nutrition, and the drinking rate was highest (56.0%) among male students majoring in literature and science. We found that smoking was continued as a habit (61.5%) while drinking was essential for social relationships (73.9%). From this study, it was found that male students have problems associated with eating regular meals, skipping breakfast, overeating, and intake of unbalanced foods. Also, male students who majored in food and nutrition demonstrated problems in applying their knowledge to proper dietary habits. In conclusion, a systemic educational program needs to be introduced to promote healthful dietary habits in male students.

This study was conducted to investigate the differences in households, parental perception, and dietary behaviors of preschool children from kindergartens with environment-friendly food service (environment-friendly food service group; EFG) versus children from kindergartens with general food service (general food service group; GFG). We sought this basic information to examine the impact of environment-friendly agricultural products in preschool food services. Age, education level, and monthly family income of the EFG were significantly higher than the GFG. The frequency of purchasing environment-friendly agricultural products was significantly higher in the EFG than the GFG, with the most frequently purchased items in both groups being vegetables. The GFG had a significantly higher perception than the EFG in the superior quality of environment-friendly agricultural products; however, a greater proportion of the GFG than the EFG thought environment-friendly products were too expensive. The most frequent reason for purchasing environment-friendly agricultural products in both groups was safety. When purchasing environment-friendly agricultural products, the most important selection factor for the majority of both groups was the label certifying quality assurance. Both groups also considered price reduction as essential for promoting environment-friendly agricultural products. In regard to parental perceptions on food service in kindergarten, the EFG had a significantly higher satisfaction with the nutritional adequacy of the menu compared to the GFG. Both groups considered food safety and health as primary reasons for using environment-friendly foods in the preschool food service, with a greater proportion of the EFG than the GFG responding this way. There were significant differences between the EFG and GFG, as the main satisfaction from using environment-friendly foods in the EFG was safety, freshness, and good hygiene, whereas the main satisfaction in the GFG was a good food service menu, freshness and good hygiene. Dietary behaviors of preschool children in the EFG were also significantly superior to the GFG. Thus, environment-friendly agricultural products have positive effects on the dietary behaviors of preschool children and should be increased in the preschool food service. Lowering prices and a strict supervision of quality assurance is also necessary to promote consumption of environment-friendly food materials.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary habits and snack consumption behaviors of middle school students with different obesity indexes in the Chungnam area. The survey was carried out using self-questionnaires and included 385 students(119 underweight, 193 normal weight, 66 overweight). The rate of skipping meals was higher for underweight students than overweight students; however, this difference was not statistically significant. The mean time of meal was 10 to 20 minutes and the criteria for choosing to eat a meal were ‘hunger’ and ‘taste’ in all groups. More than half of the subjects ate snacks 1 time a day, which were purchased outside. The typical snack time was ‘between lunch and dinner’. The criteria of for consuming a meal were ‘taste’ and ‘price’ in all groups. In the underweight group, the snack food scores were ice cream(4.4), fruit(4.3), fried chicken(4.1), sports beverage(4.0), fruit juice(4.0), pizza(4.0) and, tteokbokki(3.9). In the normal weight group, the snack food scores were ice cream(4.3), fried chicken(4.2), pizza(4.0), sports beverage(3.9), fruit juice(3.9) and, tteokbokki(3.9) in the overweight group, the snack food scores were ice cream(4.3), fruit(4.3), fried chicken(4.2), yogurt(4.0), sports beverage(4.0), fruit juice(4.0) and, ramen(4.0). In conclusion, the snaking behaviors of the subjects were not significantly different based on their obesity index. However, this study may provide basic information on the snacking behaviors of middle school students, and the findings suggest that nutrition education or counseling can improve snack intake habits and positive behaviors toward healthy adolescents diets.

This study was conducted to examine dietary behaviors according to residence status and ethnicity of university students in Yanbian, China. For the subjects, 334 university students (Male=141, Female=193) answered a questionnaire about perception of weight control, dietary patterns, health habits, residence status, and ethnicity. Perception of weight, meal frequency, favorite kind of food, meal finishing time, skipping breakfast, type of breakfast, snack frequency, late-night snack frequency, exercise frequency, regular life, and sleeping time were all significantly associated with residence status. Motivation of weight control, meal frequency, regularity of meal time, meal volume, favorite kind of food, exercise time, and regular life were all significantly associated with ethnicity. University students who lived with their parents perceived their weight more properly, exhibited a more positive dietary pattern, and lived a more regular life than those students who lived in a dormitory with their friends. Chinese students exhibited a more regular dietary pattern and lived a more regular life than the Korean-Chinese students. As a result, both environmental and inherent factors are related with the dietary behaviors of university students in Yanbian, China. These data could be used to help university students in Yanbian, China attain a healthy diet.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the snack and beverage intake patterns of students by body mass index groups (BMI 〈18.5, 18.5-23, 23-30, ≥30). Questionnaires were completed by 1381 high school students in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do, the area of Korea's capital region. There were no significant differences in skipping meals for overweight (BMI 23-30 and ≥30) or under-nourished (BMI 〈18.5) students. Girls skipped dinner more frequently than boys. Boys and girls both preferred meat and disliked fish regardless of BMI. Girls with BMI 23-30 disliked vegetables. Boys and girls would rather have crackers, candies, and chocolates than potatoes as snacks regardless of BMI. Obese boys (BMI ≥30) preferred flour-based food, fast food, and other food as snacks. Girls liked fruits more than boys. Snacks were eaten 2-3 times per week, when students were hungry or bored. There were no significant differences in the frequency or reasons (habitual, stressed) for snack consumption by BMI. Girls liked juice more than boys did, and boys preferred soda water more than girls did. Both the under-nourished (BMI 〈18.5) boy and girl groups had more juice than the overweight (BMI 23-30 and ≥30) groups. Obese (BMI ≥30) boys did not more drink soda water than other BMI groups. The under-nourished (BMI 〈18.5) boy group had more soda water than the normal (BMI 18.5-23) and overweight (BMI 23-30) groups. Girls in the overweight (BMI 23-30) group had 2 more cups of soda water a day than the normal group (BMI 18.5-23). Therefore, skipping meals and beverage intake patterns might influence BMI.

We surveyed 553 middle school students living in Incheon using questionnaires to compare their food behaviors and snack intake patterns according to weight groups based on BMI. Mean BMI was 20.3 for males and 19.6 for females. The rate of underweight, normalweight and overweight students was 33.3, 51.7, and 15.0%, respectively. Compared to the other two groups, the overweight students perceived their body shape more accurately (p<0.01). Regarding the reasons for skipping dinner, the most frequent answer by the underweight students was 'because of snacks', while that of the overweight students was 'to lose weight' (p<0.01). The normalweight students were found to eat a Korean traditional type breakfast more frequently than the other weight groups (p<0.05). The overweight female group was more likely to overeathabitually, whereas the normalweight and underweight groups tended to overeat when they were under stress (p<0.05). As for the amount of the snack intake, the overweight male students replied that they eat quite a lot of snacks. As a conclusion, the problems found in the underweight group were unbalanced diet and the disturbance of regular meal patterns due to inappropriate snack intake. The problems shown in the overweight group were overeating due to habit or stress, fast eating speed and large amount of snack intake.

This study was performed in order to investigate to dietary behavior, perceived stress level and their correlations for University students. Dietry behavior of 72% subjects was poor and only 1.8% was good. The dietary behavior of subjects was correlated with their residence type. The overage stress point was 1.76±0.53 and female students was more stressed than male. Stress elevate the food uptakes and digestion disorder in female students. 12 Factors of stress was analyzed in University students, identification, study, friends and off-school activity related factors were more influenced in female students and health related factor was dominant in male. The subjects who more stressed in factor of religion and around people were preferred salty taste. Study, friends, health related stress factor effect to digestion and food uptake level. Religion, boy or girl friends and sex related stress factor effect to alcohol uptake

This study was performed to investigate nutritional intake, the dietary behaviors and plasma lipid profile between smokers and non-smokers of college male students in the Gyeonggi Area. Dietary behaviors and attitude toward smoking were investigated by questionnaires. The result obtained were as follows: There was no significant difference in anthropometric measurements between smokers and nonsmokers. There was no significant difference in dietary behaviors. However, smokers tended to eat more snacks and desserts than nonsmokers. In plasma lipid levels, smokers had higher levels of plasma triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol than that of non-smokers(p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol level of smokers was a lower than that of non-smokers although the difference was not significant. AI(Atherogenic Index), Total /HDL cholesterol ratio and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio of smokers were significantly higher than that of non-smokers(p<0.01). BMI and SBP showed positive correlation with triglyceride(p<0.01) and VLDL-cholesterol(p<0.01). DBP showed positive correlation with triglyceride(p<0.001) and VLDL-cholesterol(p<0.01).

This study was intended to collect the baseline information on dietary behavior of adults to develop nutrition education program in the context of health promotion at community level. Nutrients intake of 135 housewives were assessed by 24 hour recall methods. Also food habits, nutrition knowledge and attitude were investigated by self-administered questionnaires. Our results indicated dietary intake of calcium and vitamin B2 were insufficient when they were compared to Korean recommended dietary allowances(RDA). Among five food groups, intakes of milk and dairy product was inadequate as compared to the recommended amount. When we compared the fatness indices to self-evaluated meal problems, overeating and speedy eating were significantly related to fatness indices. Fatness indices such as relative body weight(RBW) and body mass index(BMI) were significantly higher in the subjects who self-evaluated their unsound food behavior as overeating. However, there were no significant differences of food habit score and nutrition knowledge among groups classified by fatness or meal problem. Body fat ratio, frequencies of night snack and skipping meal significantly increased with age. Food habit score was positively related to health-concerned attitude and active attitude toward change. We concluded that nutrition education program for housewives should include detailed strategies to modify unsound food behaviors for healthy weight.

This study was carried out to compare the dietary behaviors and the nutrient intake of a middle school and a high school girls in Iksan. The subjects consisted of 132 middle school girls and 122 high school girls in Iksan. The proportion of subjects eating meals irregularly was higher in the high school girls (98.6%) than in the middle school girls(78.7%). The proportion of subjects skipping a meal also was higher in the high school girls(61.5%) than in the middle school girls(53.8%) and most of them (65.8%) skipped breakfast though they thought breakfast was the most important meal of a day (87.4%). The subjects tended to overeat at lunch (38.6%), and at dinner (55.9%). The main reasons of skipping a meal were 1. They had no time (49.3%), and 2. They had poor appetite (24.7%) Mean daily energy intake was 2198.5Kcal in the middle school girls and 2150.5Kcal in the high school girls and mean daily intake of protein, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and niacin was significantly higher (p〈0.05, p〈0.01) in the middle school girls than in the high school girls. Mean daily calcium, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin A and C intake of middle school girls were lower than those of RDA and all nutrients intake of high school girls except for phosphorus was lower than those of RDA. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) was under 1.0 for calcium, iron, vitamin A, B1 and C. Mean blood level of cholesterol, triglyceride, Hb, Hct, GOT, GPT were 170.9mg/dl, 78.9mg/dl, 13.1g/dl, 39.5%, 18.8mg/d and 15.7mg/dl, respectively.