산업이 발전함에 따라 전 세계적으로 환경오염에 대한 문제가 대두되고 있으며, 자동차 배출가스 규제도 점점 강화되고 있다. 하지만, 배출가스는 단순한 자동차만의 문제가 아닌 연료물성성분에 따른 영향도 받는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 특히, 디젤엔진의 경우 CRDI 엔진이 개발 및 상용화되면서 고성능 엔진은 고성능 연료를 필요로 하고, 그 중 대표적인 것이 연료의 윤활성으로 밝혀진바, 이에 본 연구에서는 연료물성변화가 자동차 주요부품 및 배출가스에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. 윤활성이 취약한 연료 (651㎛/품질기준 400㎛이하)를 차량에 사용하여 고압펌프 및 인젝터, 매연저감장치 등의 파손이 발생하며, 매연 및 배출가스, 연비가 악화되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 파손된 매연저감장치(DPF)를 확인한 결과 철분성분이 다량 검출되었으며 이는 연료에 철분성분이 많이 함유되어 있어, 배출가스에 영향을 미쳐 매연저 감장치(DPF)의 처리능력을 초과한 입자상물질의 배출로 인한 파손으로 추정 및 확인하였다.

The autoignition characteristics of n-heptane/n-butanol were investigated both experimentally and numerically. The effects of oxygen concentration and exhaust gas recirculation rate on the autoignition characteristics were evaluated. A rapid compression machine was employed to measure ignition delay times of blended fuels. A numerical study on the ignition delay time was performed using the CHEMKIN-PRO software to calculate ignition delay time and predict the chemical species in the combustion process. The results revealed that the ignition delay time increased with decreasing oxygen concentration due to the thermal load effect of nitrogen. The oxidation reaction of n-heptane in a low temperature regime was limited with decreasing oxygen concentration. The ignition delay time sharply decreased with exhaust gas recirculation because of the intermediate species in the exhaust gas. Exhaust gas recirculation reduced first ignition delay dramatically. However, the time interval between the first and main ignition increased with increased exhaust gas recirculation.

In this paper, the influence of the injector failure of the GDI engine on the air-fuel ratio inside the combustion chamber can be analyzed through time and shape analysis of the damping process of the ignition coil secondary waveform at 800rpm, 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 3000rpm. In particular, there is a correlation that affects air pollution associated with global warming, such as HC and NOx. To prevent this, periodic injector inspections can improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle and reduce exhaust pollutants.

Emissions of hazardous substances in automobiles are caused by combustion of internal combustion engines, friction of brake pads and tire wear. In this study, we propose a method to reduce the harmful substances emitted in internal combustion engine by using HHO gas. In order to reduce the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, HHO gas having excellent combustion characteristics was added to the combustion chamber. The HHO gas generator was installed in the intake line and the HHO gas was introduced into the combustion chamber with the mixed gas through the intake line. At this time, we compared and analyzed the performance of the engine performance on the presence and absence of HHO gas.

해상에서는 UN산하 IMO(International Maritime Organization, 국제해사기구)는 선박에서 배출하는 CO₂량을 2030년까지 30 %까지 줄이는 것을 목표로 설정하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 상황에 대응하고 친환경기술의 개발을 목표로 선박용 내연기관에서의 폐열을 이용하는 열전발전시스템 개발에 최종목표를 두고, 본 논문에서는 선박용 열전발전시스템 개발에 앞서 기초 열해석을 실시하고 분석하였다. 그 결과 다음과 같은 열전발전시스템의 효율향상에 관한 유효한 방법을 얻어 낼 수 있었다. 1) 고온측 열원과 모듈간 온도차를 줄여 모듈의 온도차를 늘리는 것으로 열전발전시스템의 효율이 8.917 %로 향상되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 2) 외부부하저항의 변화에 따른 시스템 효율은 약 6 %로 그 변화폭이 크게 발생하지 않는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 3) 동일 계산 조건에서 방형관의 재질이 스테인레스인 경우의 시스템 효율이 8.707 %로 두랄루민(8.605 %), 동(8.607 %)보다 높을 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

미국과 유럽 등지에서는 자동차용 경유의 방향족 함량이 대기 환경오염의 원인물질로 추정하고 있다. 경유의 총 방향족 및 다고리 방향족 함량 감소가 환경 유해배출가스 HC, NOx, PM 등을 감소시키기 때문이다. 국내에서도 급변하고 있는 차량기술 및 연료품질간의 상관성 규명이 필요한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내 실정에 맞는 차량과 연료간의 상호작용에 의하여 발생될 수 있는 환경적 영향평가를 진행하였으며 대상으로는 2.2L급 국내 대표 차량 2종(DPF 유 무)과 국내 정제기술로 생산된 5종의 연료를 통하여 경유의 방향족 함량에 따른 배출가스 특성을 분석하였다.

Internal engine is the main power source of vehicle and is the main source of air pollution. To satisfy this getting rigorous emission regulation, it must be solved simultaneously the dilemma of reducing emission gas and increasing heat efficiency. Diesel engine is preferred compare with gasoline engine in aspect of energy consumption but it must be solved reducing the containing of NOx, CO and HC. In this study: 1. Looking for alternative of performance improvement of Exhaust Gas Recirculation(EGR) which is emission gas reduction system. 2. Reducing malfunction of controlling emission gas. 3. Made possible precision control.

About 30 percents of the energy produced by a gasoline engine is used to move a car, and nearly 70 percent is lost through waste heat. A thermoelectric generator module can harvest some of this waste heat. Thermoelectric power generation voltage and current according to the temperature change at high temperature part of thermoelectric module is increased. The reason is that the Bi-Te based thermoelectric module which is to recover waste heat of exhaust gas is increased according to high temperature. The maximum power of 5.1 Watt at 230℃ was generated at energy harvesting system using exhaust gas from internal combustion engine. Thermal power module temperature difference between both ends of the high temperature and low temperature section increases the maximum output power increases. The key factor of Thermoelectric power generation performance is the temperature difference between the both ends

본 연구에서는 균질기에 의해 혼합된 물과 벙커-A를 보일러로 연소하였을 때의 배기 배출물 특성에 대해 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과로 균질기로 균질화 된 벙커-A의 경우, 순수 벙커-A에 비해 NOx 농도는 19 %, CO 농도는 54 % 감소를 나타냈다. 물-벙커A의 경우 물 혼합 비율이 증가할수록 NOx 농도분포가 낮아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 20 %물-80 %벙커-A의 경우 순수한 벙커-A 보다 배기가스 내 NOx 농도가 45 %까지 감소하였다. 그러나 20 %물-80 %벙커-A의 경우, CO농도 분포는 불규칙한 변화를 나타냈다. 이것은 일정량 이상의 물 혼합은 보일러의 연소 성능 저하 원인이 될 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 이 결과로부터 본 연구에서 보일러의 정상 연소를 위한벙커A유 내 물의 한계 혼합율은 15 % 인 것을 알 수 있었다. 연돌 부근에서 채취한 매연 부착양은 물의 혼합율이 증가할수록 감소하였다.

The smoke emission of biodiesel fuel was reduced remarkably in comparison with diesel fuel, that is, it was reduced approximately 36% at 2000rpm, full load condition. And, power, torque and brake specific energy consumption showed no significant differences. However, NOx emission of biodiesel fuel was increased compared with commercial diesel fuel. Also, the effects of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) to reduce the NOx emission has been investigated. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx was achieved with biodiesel fuel(20vol-%) and cooled EGR method(10∼15%).

Internal engine is the main power source of vehicle and is the main source of air pollution. To satisfy this getting rigorous emission regulation, it must be solved simultaneously the dilemma of reducing emission gas and increasing heat efficiency. Diesel engine is preferred compare with gasoline engine in aspect of energy consumption but it must be solved reducing the containing of NOx, CO and HC. In this study 1. Looking for alternative of performance improvement of Exhaust Gas Recirculation(EGR) which is emission gas reduction system, 2. Reducing malfunction of controlling emission gas 3. Made possible precision control

In this paper, the effect of oxygen component in fuel on the exhaust emissions has been investigated for a direct injection diesel engine. It was tested to estimate change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for the commercial diesel fuel and oxygenated blended fuel which has seven kinds of mixed ratio. And, the effects of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) on the characteristics of NOx emission have been investigated. Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether(EGBE) contains oxygen component 27% in itself, and it is a kind of effective oxygenated fuel of mono-ether group that the smoke emission of EGBE is reduced remarkably compared with commercial diesel fuel, that is, it can supply oxygen component sufficiently at higher loads and speeds in a diesel engine. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx was achieved with oxygenated fuel and cooled EGR method.

The Effects of cooled and hot EGR(exhaust gas recirculation) on the characteristics of smoke and NOx emission have been investigated using a single cylinder, water-cooled, four cycle, DI diesel engine at several loads and speeds. In this study, a manually controlled EGR system was installed on a agricultural diesel engine which was operated at various operating system. And, the effects of hot EGR and cooled EGR on smoke and NOx emission were compared. The results showed that cooled EGR method was more effective than hot EGR method on smoke and NOx emission.

LaMnO3, and gel films were deposited by spin-coating technique on scandium-doped zirconia (YSZ) substrate using the precursor solution prepared from , or ,2-methoxyethanol, and polyethylene glycol. By heat-treating the gel films, the electrochemical cells, were fabricated. The effect of polyethylene glycol on the microstructure evolution of and thin films was investigated, and NOx decomposition characteristics of the electrochemical cells were investigated at to . By applying a direct current to the electrochemical cell, good NOx conversion rate could be obtained relatively at low current value even if excess oxygen is included in the reaction gas mixture.

본 연구는 온실 난방시스템의 연소 체임버에 부착된 연소가스 배출연통에 열회수기를 장착하여 배출가스로부터 열을 회수하는 열회수장치의 성능에 대해 실험·분석하였다. 열회수시스템은 LPG 연소 체임버와 두 개의 열회수기로 구성되어있다. 열회수기-A는 배기가스 연통에 직접 연결되어 있으며 열회수기-B는 열회수기-A에 직렬로 연결되어 있다. 회수되는 열량은 가스의 질량흐름율과 두 측점간의 엔탈피 차이로서 산정하였으며 5가지의 송풍전압별로 각 열회수기의 성능을 검토하였다. 각 열회수기의 공기튜브 다발에 공급된 공기와 튜브 다발에 가로질로 통과하는 연소가스간의 열교환, 열회수기 유·출입부간의 압력감소, 열회수기의 총열회수성능 등으로 온실의 연통을 통해 낭비되는 열을 회수하여 연료 절감 효과를 얻을 수 있는 최적의 열회수장치 설계용 기초자료 확보에 본 연구의 목적이 있다.

This paper presents a description and evaluation of a detailed mathematical simulation for the steady and unsteady flow in a radial inflow-turbine which is most frequently used, at present, for exhaust gas turbochargers of internal combustion engines. As a method of computation, the two-step differential Lax-Wendroff method and the characteristic method were used. The turbine characteristics, the mass flow rate, the power output and fluid movements at the turbine scroll inlet were compared with the experiment data. The results of the simulation were in good agreement with experimental values under both steady and unsteady flow conditions.