이 실험의 목적은 유채 F1 종자 생산시 종자친과 화분친의 재식비 및 수확시기별 종자의 지방산 함량에 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 실험을 수행하였다. 안정적인 종자 생산을 위해, 두 가지의 실험을 노지에서 수행하였다. 실험 1은 F1 종자 생산을 위한 종자친과 화분친의 재식 비별(4:2, 10:2, 10:1)로 정식하였고 유채 개화 후 40, 45, 50, 55, 60에 지방산 함량을 조사하였다. 실험 2는 F2 종자의 개화 후 등숙시기별로 종자를 수확하여 지방산을 분석하였다. 실험의 결과, 종자친과 화분친 재식비에 따른 등숙시기별 유채 종자의 지방산 조성 및 함량은 차이를 보여 주었으나 지방산의 오염 정도 척도인 erucic acid는 재식비에 따라 영향을 미치지 않았다. 종자친과 화분친의 비에서 얻어진 F1 과 F2 종자 비에서 palmitic acid, stearic acid과 linoleic acid은 등숙 시기에 따라 감소하였다. 그러나 oleic acid는 두 실험 모두에서 개화 후 55일까지 상대적으로 증가하였지만, 개화후 60일째 영향을 미치지 않았다. 지방산 생합성 관련 유전자인 SAD, FAD1 및 FAD2의 발현양상도 등숙 시기별 지방산 조성 및 함량과 일치하였다. 이런 결과는 종자친과 화분친의 비에 따른 재식비과 F2 종자의 비에 따른 지방산 조성이 큰 문제가 되지 않음을 보여주므로 F1 종자의 안정적인 생산을 위해 종자친의 파종비는 늘리고 화분친비를 줄이면 유채 종자 생산량이 높아질 것으로 사료가 된다.

This study was conducted to examine the variations of seed hull color characteristics, the oil contents and fatty acid composition in 275 sunflower germplasms. The seed hull of sunflower germplasms were classified into 4 colors of white, black, grey, and brown. The grey color of seed hull was the highest percentage of 33.8%, whereas the white color of seed hull was the lowest percentage of 5%. Average oil content was 22.5% with a range from 11.7% to 45.5%. Average saturated fatty acid contents were 6.9%, while average content of unsaturated fatty acid was 93%. The average contents of fatty acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were 4.7%, 2.2%, 55.2%, and 38%, respectively. Comparing the oil contents and fatty acids among different seed hull colors, the highest content of oil was with grey seed hull color and the lowest with white seed hull color. Saturated fatty acid were higher in brown seed hull color. Unsaturated fatty acids were higher in grey and black seed hull colors. It could be observed that there was significant negative correlation(r=-0.998**) between linoleic and oleic acid content, and also L-value(Lightness of seed hull color) showed significant negative correlations with oil content, oleic acid content and linoleic acid content.

A total of 162 accessions of Perilla germplasm collected from diverse habitats in South Korea. The oil content of the seeds varied from 19.8 to 49.6%, the average being 33.3%. Oil content showed wide ranges of variation. The fatty acid composition of the seed oil showed the following overall ranges: palmitic 4.5 to 8.1%, stearic 1.6 to 7.4%, oleic 13.4 to 23.6%, linoleic 9.5 to 19.5%, and linolenic acid 48.6 to 66.4%. No correlation was found between oil content and fatty acid composition. The results obtained in this study provide useful background information for developing new cultivars with a high oil content and different fatty acid. Several accessions could be used as parental lines in breeding programs aiming to increase perilla oil quantity and quality.

Brassica napus L. (Brassicaceae), is one of major oilseed crops commonly cultivated cereal-growing areas after the rice harvest in Asia countries, has recently focused much attention as its seed is the primary source for bio-diesels. In rapeseed growing regions of South Korea, typical double-cropping regions are constantly or periodically received with poorly drained soil condition or encountered dried soil condition during the reproductive stage. This study was conducted on rapeseed plants subjected to both waterlogging and drought conditions for 4 days to investigate responses in physiological characteristics, fatty acid compositions and yield performances at reproductive stage. The treatments were thus as follows: (1) control normally irrigated, (2) waterlogging treatment were flooded by placing their pots inside larger plastic pots filled with tap water with a 2-cm water layer over soil surface, (3) drought treatment was not irrigated. For recovery period, rapeseed plants subjected to waterlogging for 4 days were drained after waterlogging, and irrigated daily as control. Drought treatment after recovery period was irrigated daily as control. Rate of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of waterlogging and drought treated plants significantly decreased within 4 days. For recovery period, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate of the waterlogged and drought treated plants occurred level similar to that of the controls by 2 days after recovery period. Fatty acid compositions of the both waterlogging and drought treated plants did not affect, but yield performances of the waterlogging treatment significantly decreased. These results suggest that both waterlogging and drought conditions for 4 days did not influence fatty acid compositions, but affected yield performance at final harvest.

우리나라에서 재배 생산된 콩을 지역별로 수집하여 단백질, 지방함량 및 지방산 조성의 변이를 구명하여 국내 콩 자원의 이용성을 증진하고 고품질의 국산콩 생산기반 구축 및 특산단지 조성을 위한 기초 자료로 활용하고자 본 시험을 수행한 결과를 하면 다음과 같다. 1 황색콩의 백립중은 24.6~36.6 g(평균 29.0g)이었고, 검정콩은 27.7~33.1g (평균 31.2 g)의 변이를 보였으나 백립중 편차의 폭이 커 국내 유통 콩의 크기가 매우 다양함을 알 수 있었다. 2. 검정콩 59종의 단백질 함량은 38.6%로서 황색콩 58종의 단백질 함량 37.9%보다 높았으나 지방함량은 황색콩이 18.1%로서 검정콩의 17.6%보다 높아 종피색에 따른 변이를 보였다. 3. 우리나라 지역별 수집콩 117종의 지방산의 수준은 linoleic > oleic > palmitic > linolenic > stearic > arachidic > myristic > benhenic acid 순으로 높았으며, linoleic acid가 53.75%, oleic acid가 22.08%로서 지방산조성의 약 75.83%에 해당되었다. 4. 불포화지방산 수준은 수집 지역간에 통계적 유의차가 있었으나 linoleic acid 및 oleic acid수준은 수집지역에 따른 변이가 통계적으로 유의차를 보이지 않아 불포화지방산의 지역간 수준 차이는 주로 linolenic acid의 변이에 기인한 것으로 판단되었다. 5. 황색콩의 linoleic, oleic, palmitic, linolenic acid의 조성은 각각 53.43%, 22.73%, 12.23% 및 8.24%였으나 검정콩은 54.13%, 21.48%, 12.47% 및 8.31%로 나타나 콩의 종피색에 따른 지방산 수준에 변이가 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 6. Oleic acid의 수준은 종피색에 따른 뚜렷한 변이를 보였으며 황색콩이 검정콩에 비하여 oleic acid의 조성비가 높게 분포되어 있었다. 7. 황색콩의 경우 백립중이 무거울수록 불포화지방산의 수준이 유의하게 감소되는 것으로 나타났으나(r=-0.513, P<0.01), 검정콩의 경우에는 백립중이 증가됨에 따라 불포화지방산의 수준이 증가되는 경향을 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다.(r=0.154ns).

Oil and fatty acid composition of 648 soybean germplasms of different categories including Korean and American source were analyzed by NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometer) method at Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, Milyang, Korea. A

To investigate seed non destructive and fast determination technique utilizing near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRs) for screening ultra high oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:2) fatty acid content sesame varieties among genetic resources and lines of pedigree generations of cross and mutation breeding were carried out in National Institute of Crop Science (NICS). 150 among 378 landraces and introduced cultivars were released to analyse fatty acids by NIRs and gas chromatography (GC). Average content of each fatty acid was 9.64% in palmitic acid (C16:0), 4.73% in stearic acid (C18:0), 42.26% in oleic acid and 43.38% in linoleic acid by GC. The content range of each fatty acid was from 7.29 to 12.27% in palmitic, 6.49% from 2.39 to 8.88% in stearic, 12.59% of wider range compared to that of stearic and palmitic from 37.36 to 49.95% in oleic and of the widest from 30.60 to 47.40% in linoleic acid. Spectrums analyzed by NIRs were distributed from 400 to 2,500 nm wavelengths and varietal distribution of fatty acids were appeared as regular distribution. Varietal differences of oleic acid content good for food processing and human health by NIRs was 14.08% of which 1.49% wider range than that of GC from 38.31 to 52.39%. Varietal differences of linoleic acid content by NIRs was 16.41% of which 0.39% narrower range than that of GC from 30.60 to 47.01%. Varietal differences of oleic and linoleic acid content in NIRs analysis were appeared relatively similar inclination compared with those of GC. Partial least square regression (PLSR) among multiple variant regression (MVR) in NIRs calibration statistics was carried out in spectrum characteristics on the wavelength from 700 to 2,500 nm with oleic and linoleic acids. Correlation coefficient of root square (RSQ) in oleic acid content was 0.724 of which 72.4 percent of sample varieties among all distributed in the range of 0.570 percent of standard error when calibrated (SEC) which were considerably acceptable in statistic confidence significantly for analysis between NIRs and GC. Standard error of cross validation (SECV) of oleic acid was 0.725 of which distributed in the range of 0.725 percent standard error among the samples of mother population between analyzed value by NIRs analysis and analyzed value by GC. RSQ of linoleic acid content was 0.735 of which 73.5 percent of sample varieties among all distributed in the range of 0.643 percent of SEC. SECV of linoleic acid was 0.711 of which distributed in the range of 0.711 percent standard error among the samples of mother population between NIRs analysis and GC analysis. Consequently, adoption NIR analysis for fatty acids of oleic and linoleic instead that of GC was recognized statistically significant between NIRs and GC analysis through not only majority of samples distributed in the range of negligible SEC but also SECV. For enlarging and increasing statistic significance of NIRs analysis, wider range of fatty acids contented sesame germplasm should be kept on releasing additionally for increasing correlation coefficient of RSQ and reducing SEC and SECV in the future.

우렁이 생체에 대하여 일반성분을 분석한 결과 수분함량은 74.8%, 조단백질 12.7% 및 조지방 0.6%의 함량을 보여 고단백 저지방의 식품재료로써 그 이용 가능성을 찾을 수 있었다. 또한 우렁이를 껍질, 내장 및 근육 3부분으로 분류하여 무기성분을 분석한 결과 우렁이에 함유되어 있는 주요 무기성분으로는 P, Ca, Mg 및 Na이었으며, 그 중 껍질 및 내장, 근육모두에서는 Ca이 가장 많이 함유되어 있어 중요한 Ca 급원으로 이용 가능하다.

Oil and fatty acid compositions of 1,429 germplasms including 1,121 cultivated soybeans for sprout production and 308wild soybeans were analyzed by the NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometer) method at Yeongnam AgriculturalResearch Institute, M

Traditionally fatty acid composition used to be analysed by a GC and the sample preparation process includes lipid extraction from sample and subsequent methyl esters preparation, which are time-consuming and cumbersome. As an alternative, simultaneous extraction/methylation methods are being developed for rapid and simplified sample preparation. To optimize one-step extraction/methylation method for analysis of fatty acid composition in brown rice, various reaction factors such as sample to reaction solution ratio, reaction time and temperature, shaking intensity were changed and resultant fatty acid composition data were evaluated in comparison with previous reports. The ratio of sample weight to reaction solution volume was the most critical factor in that higher sample to reaction solution ratio caused overestimation of palmitic acid and linoleic acid composition, resulting in underestimation of oleic acid. Lower reaction temperature also induced overestimation of linoleic acid and underestimation of oleic acid. Reaction duration and the intensity of shaking prior to and during the reaction, however, caused no significant changes in analysis results. In conclusion, the optimum condition was mixing 5 grains (about 0.2 g) of brown rice with 680~muL of extraction/methylation mixture and 400~muL of heptane, followed by reaction at 80~circC for 2 hours.

우리나라 재래 야생콩 70계통들의 종실 성분들을 분석하여 활용 가능한 야생콩 계통을 선발함으로써 나물콩 품종 육성의 재료로 활용할 수 있는 기초 자료를 얻고자 수행된 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조단백질 함량 범위는 35.6-47.9~% , 평균은 42.3~% 였으며, 13계통은 45~% 이상인 고단백 계통이었다. 조지방 함량은 2.8-18.0~% , 평균 10.2~% 로 3~% 이하인 2계통을 찾을 수 있었다. 2. 지방산 조성에서 16:0은 11.1-44.6~% , 18:0은 3.0-11.4~% , 18:1은 11.1-30.6~% , 18:2는 12.4-59.5~% , 18:3은 1.1-17.3~% 범위였는데 특히 18:3 조성이율이 극히 낮은 2계통을 발굴하였다. 3. 조단백질은 조지방 및 지방산과 상관이 인정되지 않았고, 조지방은 16:0, 18:0함량과 고도의 부의 상관이, 18:2와 고도의 정의 상관을 그리고 16:0과 18:0, 18:1 간에는 고도의 정의 상관이 인정되었고, 18:2와 18:3과는 고도의 부의 상관이 인정되었다.

This study was carried out to obtain informations on the variations of oil content and fatty acid composition among 90 Korean perilla collections. Average oil content of 90 perilla collections was 44.2% with a range from 29.7% to 61.9%. Perilla collections with late-maturing, super-large seed and gray seed coat showed higher oil content than other types in general. Average saturated fatty acid content in perilla oil was 9.0% with a range from 8.2% to 10.7%, while average unsaturated fatty acid content varied from 89.3% to 91.8% with a mean of 91.0%. Contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were not related to maturity. There were no differences in the contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids according to maturity. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid contents were the highest in the super large-sized group(15.5%) and in the large-sized seed group(61.4%), respectively, while contents of fatty acids among the perilla collections were variable with different seed coat colors. Most of the traits studied were not significantly correlated with oil content, but linoleic acid(Ω-6) content was negatively correlated (r=-0.217＊) with linolenic acid(Ω-3) content.

콩의 증자조건에 따른 검정콩 전통간장의 숙성 후 유리당, 유기산, 지방산조성을 조사하였다. pH 값은 5.04～5.32로 시험구간의 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았고, 원료 콩을 상압증자한 검정콩 간장이 가압이나 스팀보다는 약간 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 적정산도는 4.26～7.72 mL로 나타났으며, 가압 증자한 검정콩 간장(4.26～5.61 mL)이 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 상압(7.32 mL), 스팀(5.99～6.96 mL)의 순으로 나타났다. 환원

The 129 soybean genotypes were collected in 43 island locations from January to May 2001. Seeds of 129 genotypes collected were analyzed for crude protein and fatty acid composition contents. The crude protein content was averaged to 41.1 % and ranged from 37.4% to 44.4%. The average palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid content were 12.0%, 4.0%, 23.2%, 55.5%, and 7.9%, and the ranges of those were 10.0% to 15.0%, 3.0% to 4.8%, 21.7% to 25.5%, 50.2% to 58.3% and 7.0% to 12.0%, respectively. Heritabiliries of palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and crude protein were higher, but that of stearic acid and linolenic acid were relatively lower. The genotypic correlation coefficients between crude protein and oleic acid showed highly positive correlation, but that of linoleic acid showed highly opsitive correlation, but that of linoleic acid showed highly negative correlation and also palmitic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid showed negative correlation.

서남해안 부근의 섬에서 재배되고 있는 재래종 검정콩 유전자원 45품종(135점)의 조단백, 지방산 조성을 분석한 결과 조단백 함량 변이는 34.70-44.20%(평균 40.75%),지방산 조성 변이는 palmitic acid에서 9.00-14.40%(평균 11.41%) stearic acid에서 2.90-5.00%(평균 3.93%), oleic acid에서 22.25-26.50%(평균 22.75%), linoleic acid에서 50.30-57.20% (평균 53.55%), linolenic acid에서 6.70-11.20%(평균 8.35%)의 변이를 보였다. 지방산에 대한 유전력은 oleic acid에서는 높았으나 stearic acid와 linolenic acid에서는 낮았으며 palmitic acid, linoleic acid는 조단백의 유전력과 같은 경향으로 중정도 이었다. 형질상호간의 상관 계수에서 조단백은 oleic acid와는 고도의 유의차로 정의 상관을, linoleic acid와는 고도의 유의 차로 부의 상관을 보였고 기타의 지방산간에는 부의 상관을 보였다.